![Page 1: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1
Cold Chemistry inSpace and Laboratory
Stephan SchlemmerUniversität zu Köln
H2 Formation, OPR and Chemical Clocks
H3+ / H2D+ Isotopic Fractionation, H3
+/H2D+, OPR
H2D+ + H2 THz Spectroscopy in Lab and Space
June 3, 2015SOFIA Tele Talk
![Page 2: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
Life cycle of Stars
H2D+
http://herschel.jpl.nasa.gov
![Page 3: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3
Hydrogen Formation on Grain Surfaces
H + H + g H2 + g
![Page 4: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
tot = el ·vib· rot · nuc
Symmetry considerations and Pauli Principle
evenJ = 0
a-para
oddJ = 1
s+ortho
![Page 5: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
0
2
1
0 K
200 K
p-H2 o-H2
E
Lowest Rotational States of H2
Statistical&
ThermalPopulation
ortho / para ratio 3 : 1
![Page 6: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
0
2
1
0 K
200 K
p-H2 o-H2
E
Lowest Rotational States of H2
E
P(E)
TMC = 10 K
Thermal Population
![Page 7: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
Chemical Clock
Flower et al. A&A,449,621, 2006
o/pH2
![Page 8: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8
Cold Chemistry inSpace and Laboratory
Stephan SchlemmerUniversität zu Köln
H2 Formation, OPR and Chemical Clocks
H3+ / H2D+ Isotopic Fractionation, H3
+/H2D+, OPR
H2D+ + H2 THz Spectroscopy in Lab and Space
June 3, 2015SOFIA Tele Talk
![Page 9: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
H3+
H2+
H+
He+
H2
HeC+
H2
CO
C
H2
CH+
CH2+
N+H2, e NH3
CH3+
H2CN+
HCO+
CO
HCN,HNC
H2cosmicrays
HCO+, N2H+, HCS+,H2CN+, H3O+, HCO2
+
COCSH2O
N2
HCNCO2
C2H7O+
CH3OH2+
CH3CO+
CH5+
CH3NH3+
CH3CNH+
C2H5CNH+
CH3HC3N+ CH3C3N
C2H5CN
CH3CN
CH3NH2
CH4
CH2CO
CH3OH
C2H5OHCH3OCH3
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
O
N
CH3OH
H2O
COH2
NH3
HCN
CH3CN
HC3Nhttp://sift.hyperlink.cz/interste.htm
Initial Reactions in Dense Interstellar Clouds
D. Smith and P. Spanel, Mass Spectrometry Reviews, 14 (1995) 255-278.
![Page 10: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
H2 + c.r. H2+ + c.r. + e-
H2+ + H2 H3
+ + H
![Page 11: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
Isotopic Fractionation
H3+ + HD H2D+ + H2
E. Hugo, O. Asvany and S. Schlemmer, J. Chem. Phys. 130, Art.-No. 164302 (2009)
![Page 12: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12
H2D+
D2H+
B. Parise, A. Belloche, F. Du, R. Güsten and K. Menten, A&A 526, A31 (2011)C. Vastel and T.G: Phillips, APJ, 606, L127 (2004)
Cosmic [D]/[H] ~ 1.5·10-5
Deuterated Moleculesin Interstellar Medium
Deuteriumreservoir
[HD]/[H2] ~ 3.0·10-5
Isotope Enrichment[AD]/[AH] ~ 0.1
![Page 13: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
Primary Deuteration Reactions
H3+ + HD H2D+ + H2 + 232 K
Reactants
Products
E
CH3+ + HD CH2D+ + H2 + 375 K
C2H2+ + HD C2HD+ + H2 + 550 K
E
AH AD
![Page 14: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14
H3+
HDH2D+
H2
[H2D+]/[H3+] = S(T) [HD]/[H2]
Equilibrium
Isotopic FractionationIdeal Case – Laboratory Situation
S(T) = kf/kb
![Page 15: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
0 20 40 60 801
10
100
1000
10000
n-H2
En
hanc
emen
t Fac
tor
Temperature / K
p-H2
Isotopic Fractionation
S(T) = kf/kb = exp(231.8 K / T)
H3+
HDH2D+
H2
Lab3*10-4
10 K~ 106
Space[HD]/[H2] 3*10-5
T 10 K [H2D+]/[H3
+] ~ 105
Lab3*10-4
10 K ~ 106
Lab?
![Page 16: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
H3+
HDH2D+
e-H, D, HD, H2
H2 M
MD+, MH+
[H2D+]/[H3+] = S(T) [HD]/[H2]
Equilibrium
Isotopic FractionationCloud Model
S(T) = kf/(kb + fe- + kM fM)
![Page 17: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
0 20 40 60 801
10
100
1000
10000
n-H2
Enha
ncem
ent F
acto
r
Temperature / K
p-H2
Isotopic Fractionation
S(T) = kf/kb
S(T) = kf/(kb + fe- + kM fM)
H3+
HDH2D+
H2
![Page 18: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
Astrophysical Observations
N2H+
C18O
visual extinction or “dust density”(gray scale) toward the western core of the IC 5146
Bergin et al. The Astrophysical Journal, 557:209-229, 2001
![Page 19: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19
0 20 40 60 801
10
100
1000
10000
n-H2
En
hanc
emen
t Fac
tor
Temperature / K
p-H2
Isotopic Fractionation
S(T) = kf/kb = exp(231.8 K / T)
H3+
HDH2D+
H2
Lab3*10-4
10 K~ 106
Space[HD]/[H2] 3*10-5
T 10 K [H2D+]/[H3
+] ~ 105
Lab3*10-4
10 K ~ 106
![Page 20: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
20
H3+ H2D+
H2
HD
Deuteration of H3+
Theory (Thermodynamics)
[HD]/[H2] 3*10-4
T 10 KS(T) 3.6*109
[H2D+]/[H3+] 106
![Page 21: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21
Experimental Method:
Electrodynamical Trapping
Dieter Gerlich Oskar AsvanySandra Brünken
![Page 22: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22
22-Pole Low Temperature Ion Trap
primary ions detector
rf IIrf I
sapphire 22-pole
cold head 10 K
shield 50 K
![Page 23: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
22-Pole Low Temperature Ion Trap
primary ions detector
rf IIrf I
sapphire 22-pole
cold head 10 K
shield 50 KOskar Asvany
![Page 24: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
24Trapping time / ms
Ions
per
Filli
ng
Example: H2+ + H2 H3
+ + H
k(T)Rate Coefficient
![Page 25: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
25
RF Ion TrapsMechanical Model
Quadrupole 22-Pole
FAQ: Why 22 poles?
![Page 26: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
26
H3+
H2D+
H5+
H4D+
H3+ + HD H2D+ + H2
[n-H2] = 1.4x1014 cm-3, [HD]/[H2] = 3*10-4, T = 10 K
0.002
Gerlich, Herbst and Roueff, Planetary and Space Science 50, 1291 (2002)
![Page 27: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
27
Current Experiments with para-H2 (J=0,2,…)
1
3
2
4
3
5
O
2
2
4
O
2
4 B
n-H2
p-H2
Raman Spectra
540 nm 560 nm
540 nm 560 nm
![Page 28: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
28
H3+
H2D+
H5+
H4D+
H3+ + HD H2D+ + H2
[p-H2] = 1x1014 cm-3, [HD]/[H2] = 3*10-4, T = 10 K
0.15
Gerlich, Herbst and Roueff, Planetary and Space Science 50, 1291 (2002)
![Page 29: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
29
Log
([H2D
+ ]/[H
3+ ])
Temperature / K
Experimental Results & Modelling
0 10 20 30 40 50
0.1
0.01
3
J=1/J=0 H2
Hugo et al., J.Chem.Phys. 2009, 130, 164302
Gerlich et al. 2002
o/p H2
![Page 30: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
30
Isotopic Fractionation
H3+ + HD H2D+ + H2
and the H2 / H2D+ OPR
o/p-H2D+ + o/p-H2 o/p-H2D+ + o/p-H2
![Page 31: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
31
H3+
00
11
22
10
0 K
100 K
X
p-H3+ o-H3
+
Lowest energy levels of H3
+
E
![Page 32: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
32
H3+ + HD H2D+ + H2
00
11
22
10
101
000
111
110
0 K
100 K
X
p-H3+ o-H3
+ p-H2D+ o-H2D+
![Page 33: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
33
H3+ + HD H2D+ + H2
00
11
22
10
101
110
0 K
100 K
X
p-H3+ o-H3
+ p-H2D+ o-H2D+
o-H2
000
111
p-H2
![Page 34: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
34
Role of Nuclear Spin?
Conservation laws: E, J, P, I, …
![Page 35: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
35
p-H2D+ o-H2D+
p-H2
o-H2
o-H2
p-H2
Para – Ortho Conversion
E/K
scrambling
0
100
200
300
400
![Page 36: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
36
p-H2D+ o-H2D+
p-H2
o-H2
o-H2
p-H2
Para – Ortho Conversion
E/K
scrambling
X single Quantum StateGoverns
Deuterium Chemistry? 0
100
200
300
400
![Page 37: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
37
Laboratory Approach
H2D+ State Distributions
TranslationRotation
Nuclear Spin
![Page 38: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
38
H3+ + HD H2D+ + H2
00
11
10
101
000
111
110
0 K
100 K
X
p-H3+ o-H3
+ p-H2D+ o-H2D+
h
Reaction
![Page 39: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
39
Light Induced ReactionsSpectroscopy in Traps
primary ionsh
rf IIrf I
sapphire 22-pole
cold head 10 K
shield 50 K
detector
![Page 40: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
40
relative B coefficients +
conclusions: 1) ab initio predicted (relative) B coefficients reliable2) reaction probability independent of rovib. overtone excitation
signal~B·pop·P·k*
B1 B2
![Page 41: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
41
Rotational Level Populations of H2D+
pop ~[H3
+]B ·P
TDoppler=(27±2)K
Trot,para=(27±2)K
45%
12% 30%
13%
Tortho/para=(35)K
![Page 42: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
42
Cold Chemistry inSpace and Laboratory
Stephan SchlemmerUniversität zu Köln
H2 Formation, OPR and Chemical Clocks
H3+ / H2D+ Isotopic Fractionation, H3
+/H2D+, OPR
H2D+ + H2 THz Spectroscopy in Lab and Space
June 3, 2015SOFIA Tele Talk
![Page 43: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
43
H3+ + HD H2D+ +H2
00
11
10
101
000
111
110
0 K
100 K
X
p‐H3+ o‐H3
+ p‐H2D+ o‐H2D+
H2D+ Detection in Space
372 GHz
![Page 44: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
44
![Page 45: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
45
H3+ + HD H2D+ +H2
00
11
10
101
000
111
110
0 K
100 K
X
p‐H3+ o‐H3
+ p‐H2D+ o‐H2D+
Reaction
h
Light Induced Reactions probing H2D+
![Page 46: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
46
Results
H2D+
Δ = 62 MHz (!)O. Asvany et al., PRL 100, 233004 (2008)
![Page 47: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
47
Results
H2D+
Δ = 62 MHz (!)O. Asvany et al., PRL 100, 233004 (2008)
SOFIA
GREAT Receiver
![Page 48: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
48
Protostellar Cloud Core I16293A
101
000
111
110
p‐H2D+
o‐H2D+
86 K
0 K
![Page 49: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
49
Para-H2D+ found in Space
![Page 50: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
50
Astrochemical Modelling
T
o/p
Physics
Chemistry
Collaboration: Jorma Harju, Olli Sipilä, Paola Caselli
![Page 51: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
51
H2D+ observations give an age of at least one million years for a cloud core forming Sun-like stars
S. Brünken et al. Naturedoi:10.1038/nature13924
![Page 52: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
52
Cold Chemistry inSpace and Laboratory
Stephan SchlemmerUniversität zu Köln
H2 Formation, OPR and Chemical Clocks
H3+ / H2D+ Isotopic Fractionation, H3
+/H2D+, OPR
H2D+ + H2 THz Spectroscopy in Lab and Space
June 3, 2015SOFIA Tele Talk
![Page 53: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
53
High‐Resolution Spectroscopy of
Interstellar MoleculesCologne Astrophysics Group
Universität zu Köln
Complex Molecules in Laboratory and Space Frank Lewen, Holger Müller, Christian Endres
Carbon Chain MoleculesThomas Giesen
Silcon Carbon MoleculesSven Thorwirth
He‐Clusters Leonid Surin
Trap ExperimentsSandra Brünken, Oskar Asvany, Pavol Jusko
![Page 54: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
54
THz Action Spectroscopy
Asvany et al. 2008, Phys Rev LettGärtner et al. 2013, J. Phys. Chem. AAsvany et al. 2012, Rev Sci Instr
LIR
H2D+
Frequency Comb
![Page 55: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
55
Infrared Action Spectroscopy
Asvany et al. 2012, Rev Sci Instr Asvany et al. 2013, Appl Phys B
LIR
CH5+
COLogne TRAP
Accuracy: 0.2 MHz2932.998459(7) cm-1
T = 20.9 +/- 0.4 K
HC
O2+
Prod
ucts
![Page 56: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 3/6/2015 · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR and](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071113/5fe9afd4df03af7088213008/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
56
Jusko et al. 2014, Phys Rev LettAsvany et al. 2013, Appl Phys BBrünken et al. 2014, ApJL
LIICG
OH-
l-C3H+
2-photon LIR
THz Action Spectroscopy