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Soil Analysis LabPurpose:
1) To examine, discover, and compare the physical and chemical properties of soil.2) Discover whether your soil meet the requirements needed to grow broccoli.
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Review Soil• Top layer of Earth’s surface• Soil is made up of minerals, organic matter, air,
and water.
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Review Soil’s Importance
• Basis of life• Filters water• Water storage• Habitat
“Our soil is not just dirt, it is a factory where everything
needed to feed plants, animals and humans is being
made.”
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Review Soil Formation
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Review Topsoil
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SETP 1: Collecting Soil: Materials• Soil samples can be collected in
school yard, garden, lawn, flower pot etc.
• Use clean trowel, spoon or dull knife to loosen soil
• Dig about 2 to 6 inches into topsoil
• Do not touch• Place about a cup into paper bag• Record location and name on
bag
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Collecting Soil Procedures• Place name, location and date on
bag• Collect about 1 cup of soil• Let dry out (no need to seal bag)• Note any plant growing nearby
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STEP 2: SOIL COLOR, ORAGNIC MATERIAL AND TEXTURE
The color, texture and materials in the soil can tell a lot about the soil
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Soil Color
• Generally the darker the soil the better (more organic materials)
• Gives clues to soil origin
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Soil Organic Material
• Very important part of soil
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Soil Texture
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STEP 3: Soil pH• Measure of
acid/base/neutral• Determines if
nutrients are available to plant
• Most prefer 6.0 to 6.8
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Soil Nutrients• Minerals such as
Nitrogen, Potassium, Phosphorus
• Key to plant health• Fertilizers
(manure, man-made) add nutrients
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How Plants Get Nutrients From Soil
• Extracted in solutions• Through Roots• pH too high/low
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You are a farmer…the soil is your “factory”
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STEP 4: Extracting Soil Nutrients• To test nutrients we
must first extract soil solution
• Use larger plastic tube• Follow directions• Will use this extraction
for rest of lab
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Step 5: Nitrogen
• Key nutrient for plants
• Green leaves• Most common
nutrient• Broccoli needs high
levels
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Step 6: Phosphorous
• Critical for root development
• Helps grow strong and produce flowers and fruit
• Broccoli needs high amounts
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Step 7: Potassium
• Needed for new cell growth
• Whole plant needs it
• Without enough it grows slowly
• Broccoli needs high amounts
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Conclusions/Sharing Data
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Name Soil Sample Location Texture Result pH result Nitrogen Phosphorus Potassium** Share your data with the class using the SMART Board **