Download - Sound
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SoundGCSE Physics
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Aims of the lesson
• To recall how a sound wave is created and travels through a medium
• To state how different sounds can be produced and relate this to the frequency and amplitude of the wave
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Doppler Effect
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Going Super Sonic
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Cathode Ray Oscilloscope
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Wave Animation
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Complete the CRO tracesOriginal
Frequency x2 of OriginalFrequency x2 and ½ amplitude of Original
Exactly the same sound (only a couple of seconds later)
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Aims of the lesson
• To recall that sound can bounce off surfaces
• To describe how sound waves can be used to detect objects both in industry and medicine
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EchoesEchoes• An echo is a reflected sound.An echo is a reflected sound. When sound
is reflected off a plane (or flat) surface-
• Angle of incidence = Angle of reflectionAngle of incidence = Angle of reflection
Some of the energy of the
incident wave will be absorbed
when it is reflected by a
surface.
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ExamplExamplee• A fishing boat sends out a pulse of ultra sound. The reflected pulses are detected after 0.8 s and 1.4 s.0.8 s and 1.4 s. The speed of ultrasound in water is 1500 m/s.1500 m/s.
• Calculate 1.) the depth of the sea bed and 2.) the depth of the shoal of fish.
1. Distance x 2 = Speed x Time
= 1500 x 1.40
= 2100m
2. Distance x 2 = Speed x Time
= 1500 x 0.8
= 1200m
The sound travels double the distance
so…
Distance to sea bed = Distance to sea bed = 2100 / 2 = 1050m2100 / 2 = 1050m
Distance to shoal of Distance to shoal of fish = 1200 / 2 = 600mfish = 1200 / 2 = 600m
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http://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info.cfm?pg=genus&bhcp=1
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How is ultrasound How is ultrasound used?used?
• Ultrasound (>2000020000 Hz) like all sound is reflected differentreflected different amountsamounts by different materials.
• A receiver can be used to detectdetect the amount of ultrasound reflected or lost from a signal.
• A computer can then be used to build up an imageimage of these ultrasound signals.
• This is how ultrasound is used in prenatalprenatal scanning and industrial quality control.
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• How do these animals use sound to aid them?
Page 89 and 90Page 89 and 90
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Measuring Speed of sound
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The results are in…The results are in…
• Using this set of results, calculate the speed of sound in air-
• The exact speed of sound is 330m/s, what what errors in the experimenterrors in the experiment could account for a lesser value?
Time (s) 0.425 0.462 0.470 0.432 0.447
Attempt 1 2 3 4 5
Distance = 134mDistance = 134m