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Spelling
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Today we will be looking at...
• The Importance of Punctuation• Why spelling is so difficult• Word origins• Attitudes to spelling• Approaches to Spelling• Look, Say, Cover, Write, Check• Spelling Rules• Responding to learner writing• Dictionary skills
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Why is Spelling so difficult?• One letter can have several sounds – C can sound like:
‘ch – church, chip, chocolate‘k’ - Christmas, choir, ache‘sh’ – champagne, machine
• Some words are spelt as they are pronounced like: remember, limit –
but others are not – for instance:said, business, though
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Why is Spelling so difficult?
• Phonemes: (Units of sound). The alphabet has 26 letters
but 44 sounds.
• Each vowel has two sounds – a long and a short sound like:
Ice cream, Igloo
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Why is Spelling so difficult?
• Different letter combinations can make the same sound like:
cloud, clown• Individual letters can make
different sounds like:yes, fly, happy
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Word Origins
Where do you think the following words come from?
acoustic adiosalligator bizarreloco hamburgerangst calendaracid breezeBicycle in memoriam
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Strategies for Spellingwetheringlessly
How did you remember the word?
Visual learners see smaller words within the word – wet, her, ring, less
Auditory learners listen to the word and count syllables such as weth/er/ing/less/ly.
Kinesthetic learners can write the word or trace it.
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Strategies for Spelling
• Split double consonants ap/point, stag/ger• Draw attention to difficult part Wednesday, February• Exaggerate pronunciation Business, parliament
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Strategies for Spelling
• Exaggerate silent letters I love knitting knickers• Stress beginning, mid, end of
words choc – o – late• Teach groups or families pope, cope, rope, hope
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Look, Say, Cover, Write, Check
accommodation
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Some Spelling Rules
85% of words obey a rule!
One rule can cover hundreds of words!
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Some Spelling RulesCan you read these words?
hife, sitchem, ludge, yake, kneg, hation, vack, pheto.
You pronounce the words according to your previous knowledge of English
and sound patterns.
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Spelling Rules
Rules sometimes can be hard to follow but some rules easier than others & cover hundreds of words
EG: i before e except after cachieve, believe
BUT either, foreign
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Spelling Rules
Not many words end in ‘j’, ‘q’ or ‘v’
‘Q’ is almost always followed by ‘u’.
Iraq breaks both of the above rules!
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Spelling Rules
Group words together & pay attention to word structure
Lead, stead, head
Distribution, deception
Obvious, previous
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Spelling Rules
Righteousness
You only need to remember the four groups that make up the word to remember how it is
spelled
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Responding to Writing
What strategies is learner using?
What would you do to help learner?
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Dictionary Skills
What are some fears learners have about using a
dictionary?
FrustrationCan’t find a word
Not sure what kind of dictionary to use
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Dictionary Skills
• Keep session short – 10-15 min
• Have alphabet on a card or refer to Learning Journal.• Use dictionary with clear print.
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Dictionary Skills
• Start with initial letters & ask learner to locate first letter in the dictionary.• Then, move to next letter and so
on...• Make personal dictionary.• Use telephone books/Argos
catalogue.
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Tell me and I will forget.
Show me and I may remember.
Involve me and I will understand.