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Status of the Amaranthus Seed Collection
David M. Brenner
North Central Regional Plant Introduction Station
Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University
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Seed Jars
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Tents
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Amaranthus collection
• 3,345 total accessions• 3,193 (94%) available• 3,235 (97%) backed up at the NCGRP• 72 seed orders 2012
• 969 packets distributed 2012
• 512 (15%) accessions distributed 2012
• 2,339 (70%) have permanent PI numbers
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National Plant Germplasm SystemGRIN (our web site)
http://www.ars-grin.gov/npgs/
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Images and other data online
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Diversity in Amaranthus
• Grain (three species)
• Vegetable (numerous species)
• Ornamental (four important species)
• Wild (most of the 70 species)
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Amaranthus species• 40 of the estimated 70 Amaranthus species
• Most recent Amaranthus ×tucsonensis from Arizona in 2010 (PI 664490)
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Super Dwarf Amaranthus
caudatus
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Plainsman beside a dwarf in 2004
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Improved dwarf lines 2013
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Amaranth Institute Missouri 2001• The weeds
were not there the previous year
• The harvest was okay, not too many black weed seeds
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Crop-weed hybrids
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counting weedy off-types
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% Crop-weed hybrid progenyPlace ‘D136‒1’ ‘Plainsman’
East Lansing, MI 0.2 1.2Ames NE, IA 0.0 2.0Ames SW, IA 0.0 50.2Culver, IN 0.0 0.0Rochester, IN 2.3 43.6Urbana, IL 0.7 6.0Butlerville, IN 0.2 1.5Columbia, MO 2.4 17.7Carbondale, IL 15.9 82.7TOTAL 2.5 24.3
‘D136-1’ has about 1/10th as many as ‘Plainsman’
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The long-day growth chamber 2012
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Daylength Sensitivity
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Two Planting Dates in 2013June 14 versus August 1
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Male Sterility
• Peters and Jain 1987• Plant breeding Aid
• F1 hybrid vigor
• Are hybrid seeds wanted?
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Green Vegetable and Grain
• xxx• xxx• xx• xxx
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The End
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Guinness World Record 2004
• 15 ft 1 in (4.61m)
• 2007: 27 ft 10 in, (8.48 m) Jesse Eldrid of New York
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Biomass • Dr. Muchna, Czech Republic• Has 15 t/ha• Wants 20 t/ha economic
threshold for electric power generation
• Breed to increase dry mater from 15%
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‘Pillar Orange’ and ‘Pillar Red’
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National Plant Germplasm Systemhttp://www.ars-grin.gov/npgs/
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Gomphrena nealleyi
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F1 100% Male Sterile fromPI 568125 X K432
• Restore fertility?
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Spaced Nursery 2003 • Only short plants
selected• Bags for self
pollination
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Shattering
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Stem boring insects
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First frost
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Amaranthus tricolor diseasePhomopsis amaranticola
• Studied by Charlie Block
• Stem boring insects are also present
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Tall Biomass DB 98246
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dwarf2008