Download - Strategic Information Systems
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Strategic Information Systems
Definitions and context
Week #1 pt. A
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Information technology (IT) is arguably the most disruptive force
for organizations in nearly a century.
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Information Technology
• Computer technology• Hardware and software• Information creation and storage
• Telecommunications technology• Information transmission• Networks
• Process and Infrastructure
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WHAT IS THE BUSINESS VALUE OF INFORMATION?
The Information Age
The business value of IT…
Because of the value of information.
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Organizations in the Information Age
E-business:
•Processes enabled by Information Technology
•Netcentric
E-business vs. E-commerce?
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Information as an Organizational Asset
• What is information?
• How is it created?
Information Hierarchy
(Waves of Wisdom)
(00) >> Data >> Information >> Knowledge >> WisdomAssets:
Added Value
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Information as an Asset
(00) NO DATA
DATA
Stage #1:
Stage #2:
data collection
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Information as an Asset
DATAStage #2:
• Raw Values: Facts, Numbers, Text, Images, Sound, Video
• Issues of data collection
• Data properties
What data properties would a data administrator be concerned about?
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Information as an Asset
DATAStage #2:
“DATA IS LIFE…
GUARD IT FIERCELY”
*Amdahl Computers advertisement
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Information as an Asset
DATA
INFORMATION
Stage #2:
Stage #3:
Information is PROCESSED Data
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Information as an Asset
INFORMATIONStage #3:
Information is PROCESSED data
• Organize data
• Select data
• Mathematical analysis on data
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Information as an Asset
INFORMATIONStage #3:
input outputprocess
data information
Quality?Quality?Quality?
Information quality is a function of data quality and process quality.
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Information as an AssetINFORMATIONStage #3:
Companies are drowning in data,
but starving for information.
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The INFORMATION GAP Most systems developed for …
Operational processingNot Informational processing.
Operational => transaction orientedInformational => detailed and
summarized data for decision-support
Lots of Data.What about Information?
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Information as an AssetINFORMATIONStage #3:
Some CHALLENGES of Enterprise Information:
Appropriate information for person, place, time
Appropriate data structures (metadata)
Discovery/indexing/cataloging
Security, privacy
Can impose “limits” on views/attitudes/creativity
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Information as an Asset
INFORMATION
KNOWLEDGE
Stage #3:
Stage #4:
Knowledge is information put to productive use.
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Knowledge
Region 1 $10,450,345.32
Region 2 $5,323,198.80
Region 3 $9,098,087.96
Region 4 $11,478,980.53
Sales Figures by Region
Knowledge basics
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"Knowledge" - Information that can create value through action
Explicit - “Captured Information”
Formal Process MapsObjective DirectoriesData Policies and Procedures
Tacit - “Untamed Information”Insights Context SpecificJudgment Know-howIntuition Beliefs
Types of KnowledgeKnowledge basics
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26%
20%12%
42%
PaperDocumentationElectronicDocumentationElectronicKnowledgebaseEmployee's Brains
A recent Delphi study found that on average, corporations believe that 42% of corporate knowledge is housed exclusively in the brains of employees.
Delphi Group, 1999
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Information as an Asset
INFORMATION
KNOWLEDGE
Information can be managed as an asset.
Can knowledge be managed as an asset?
Knowledge Management/ Best Practices
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Information as an Asset
KNOWLEDGE
WISDOM
Stage #4:
Stage #5:
Wisdom is the RIGHT application of knowledge.
ETHICS
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Traditional Systems Model:
technology
people data/information
processes
System purpose
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The Systems Model (revised):
relationships
Relationships:
Internal
External
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The Extended Systems Model:
technology
people data/information
processes
System purpose
relationships
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The Systems Model... For Structuring/informing Analysis
• Technology (hardware, software, infrastructure)
• Processes
• People
• Data/Information
• Relationships
(intra-organizational; inter-organizational)
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The Systems Model...IT Asset Leadership
What are the IT assets of an organization?
• Technology assets
• Process assets
• People assets
• Data/Information assets
• Relationship assets
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The Systems Model...IT Asset Leadership
Enterprise Design Challenges:
Complexity
•Integration of technologies
Pace of change and growth
Ubiquitous computing (anytime, anywhere)
Competitive demands
•Better, faster, cheaper
Huge resource investments
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The Systems Model...
What is the difference between...
IT Management
IT Leadership
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The Systems Model...
IT Leadership:
Direction Strategy
Trends Innovation
Exploiting IT
High-level view of organization
IT Asset Leadership
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The Systems Model...
IT Leadership must understand
Organizational Impact of IT:
IT is changing the way organizations function, what they do, how people work in
those organizations, and even the very structure of organizations.
IT Asset Leadership
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