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Study of adsorption materials in cigarette filter by inverse gas chromatography
Shanghai Tobacco Group Co., LTD
Qing Hua Shanghai Tobacco Group Co., LTD
2015-10-8
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2. Development of GC-IGC systems
1. Introduction
3. Application
4. Outlook
Content
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1. Introduction
High cost
Long period
Poor applicability
S E M
B E T
X P S
structure, Composition
Static process
Can we find a New Method? Adsorption material
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1.1 Principle of inverse gas chromatography (IGC)
Gas Chromatography (GC)
Inverse Gas Chromatography (IGC)
method object method object Time
Time
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1.1 Principle of inverse gas chromatography (IGC)
Gas Chromatography (GC)
Inverse Gas Chromatography (IGC)
method object
method object
Time
Time
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Advantage: Low cost
Short period Good applicability
Real adsorption capacity Dynamic process
1.2 Conventional inverse gas chromatography (IGC)
Disadvantage: Single packed column
cannot be used to study mixed probes.
Single detector increase
the human error of retention time 。
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2.1
Existing Problems : Capillary column and packed column are in one column oven, which cause poor separation of mixing probe. The dead time of packed column is big.
Probe Vaporizer
Sample
Recorder
Column Oven
Gas chromatography-inverse gas chromatography (GC-IGC) system with single column oven
2. Development of GC-IGC systems
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Gas chromatography-inverse gas chromatography (GC-IGC) system with double column ovens
Probe Vaporizer
Capillary Column Oven
Recorder
2.2
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Gas chromatography-inverse gas chromatography (GC-IGC) system with double column ovens
Probe Vaporizer
Heated Transferline
Capillary Column Oven
Packed Column Oven
Recorder
2.2
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Gas chromatography-inverse gas chromatography (GC-IGC) system with double column ovens
四通接头
Probe Vaporizer
Heated Transferline
Cross piece
Gas sampler
Capillary Column Oven
Packed Column Oven
Recorder
2.2
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Gas chromatography-inverse gas chromatography (GC-IGC) system with double column ovens
四通接头
Probe Vaporizer
Heated Transferline
Cross piece
Gas sampler
Capillary Column Oven
Packed Column Oven
Recorder
2.2
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Gas chromatography-inverse gas chromatography (GC-IGC) system with double column ovens
四通接头
Probe Vaporizer
Heated Transferline
Cross piece
Gas sampler
Capillary Column Oven
Packed Column Oven
Recorder
2.2
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Gas chromatography-inverse gas chromatography (GC-IGC) system with double column ovens
四通接头
Probe Vaporizer
Heated Transferline
Cross piece
Gas sampler
Capillary Column Oven
Packed Column Oven
Recorder
2.2
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Gas chromatography-inverse gas chromatography (GC-IGC) system with double column ovens
四通接头
Probe Vaporizer
Heated Transferline
Cross piece
Gas sampler
Capillary Column Oven
Packed Column Oven
Recorder
2.2
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Gas chromatography-inverse gas chromatography (GC-IGC) system with double column ovens
四通接头
, ,R TCD R FIDt t t∆ = −
Probe Vaporizer
Heated Transferline
Cross piece
Gas sampler
Capillary Column Oven
Packed Column Oven
Recorder
2.2
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Dispersive component of surface free energy
Surface acid-base parameters Ka,Kb
DSγ∆
SaH∆
SaG∆Specific component of
free energy of adsorption
Specific component of enthalpy of adsorption
3. Application
Adjusted retention time
Δt=tR-tM
One type of AC as an example, introducing the calculation process.
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3.1 Physical adsorption capacity
1 2
3 4
Adjusted retention time
2
3
( ) 132 ( ) 1
i
oN
i
o
PPV t F PP
−= ∆ ∗ ∗ ∗
−
Net retention volume
a NG RTInV K∆ = − +Molar free energy of adsorption
Dispersive component of surface free energy
2
2 2
2
2( )
4( )CH
D as
CH CH
GNaγ
γ∆∆ =
, ,R TCD R FIDt t t∆ = −
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ΔGas=-RTIn(VNplor/VNref)= RTIn(VNref) - RTIn(VNplor)
Specific component of free energy of adsorption
SaG∆
3.2 Polar interaction
Acetone
TH
F
Ethanol
Acetonitrile
Inte
nsit
y
Acetone
TH
F
Ethanol
Acetonitrile
Methanol
Time (min) Boiling point (oC)
N-pentane
N-hexane
N-heptane
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3.3 Polar interaction
ΔGas=ΔHa
s-TΔSas
ΔGas/T=ΔHa
s/T-ΔSas
Specific component of enthalpy of adsorption
☞
Probe Ethanol Acetonitrile Acetone Tetrahydrofuran
ΔHas
(kJ/mol) -50.56 -27.4 -26.9 -23.7
SaH∆
0.00205 0.00210 0.00215 0.00220 0.00225 0.00230 0.002350.0040.0060.0080.0100.0120.0140.0160.0180.0200.0220.0240.0260.0280.0300.0320.0340.0360.038 乙醇
乙腈 丙 酮 四氢呋喃
∆ Gas /T
(kJ/
mol
/K)
1/T (1/K)
Ethanol Acetonitrile Acetone Tetrahydrafuran
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3.4 Surface acidity or alkalinity
Surface acid-base paraments
-ΔHas =KaDN + KbAN* ☞
-ΔHas/AN* =KaDN/ AN* + Kb
Ka/ Kb=0.40 (Ka/Kb<1: Lewis basic;Ka/Kb>1: Lewis acidic)
Probe Ethanol Acetonitrile Acetone Tetrahydrofuran
AN* 10.3 4.7 2.5 0.5
DN 19 14.1 17 20
Ka,Kb
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AC Car boxen GDX 102 Tenax TA Si l i ca Gel
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
−∆γ S
D (mJ/m
2)
Sampl es
AC Car boxen GDX 102 Tenax TA Si l i ca Gel
0. 5
1. 0
1. 5
2. 0
2. 5
3. 0
3. 5
4. 0
4. 5
Lewi s basi c
Ka/K
b
Sampl es
Lewi s aci di c
3.5 Surface properties of some solid adsorption materials
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3.5 Surface properties of some solid adsorption materials
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
AA
13Z13X
5A
4A3A
5432
Inte
nsity
(a.u
.)
Retention Time (min)
1
WHP /3
1:Methanol;2:Ethanol;3:Acetonitrile;4:Acetone;5:THF
Sample Pore Size (nm)
Adsorbed probe
3A 0.3 /
4A 0.4 1,2,3
5A 0.5 1,2,3
13X 1.0 1,2,3,4,5
13Z 1.0 1,2,3,4,5
AA Porous 1,2,4,5
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4. Outlook
Study the adsorption capacity of common solid adsorption material
Provide a theoretical basis to modify the existing adsorption materials in cigarette filter
A novel evaluation method of adsorption materials in
Cigarette filter
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Thank you for your attention
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