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Super-FRS the Next-Generation Facilityfor Physics with Exotic Nuclei
Introduction
The Superconducting FRagment Separator The Experimental Branches
Hans GeisselPolish-German Meeting, Warsaw, November 24, 2003
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Polish Contributionsto Nuclear Structure Physics
The discovery of the two-proton radioactivity
Marek PfütznerInstitute of Experimental Physics
Warsaw University
Maria Skłodowska* 7.11.1867 in WarsawDiscovery of Polonium
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Polish Collaborationsin Nuclear Structure Research at GSI
At the UNILAC (SHIP, Online Separator) Theory and experimental groups for super-heavy element research, spectroscopy of fusion products near the proton dripline and gamma spectroscopy (Coulomb excitation).
At the SIS18 (FRS, LAND-ALADIN, ESR) From MUSIC to the discovery of 2p radioactivity Mass measurements Halo and skin nuclei Gamma spectroscopy (RISING)
At the Super-FRS Low-Energy Branch: Spectroscopy (, p, 2p, ...) Ring Branch: Stored isomeric beams
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rp-Process, Novae and X-ray Bursts
r-Process and Supernovae
Test of theStandard Model CKM-Matrix
Parity Violation andTime Reversal in Atoms
Superheavy ElementsFundamental Symmetries
and Interactions
NuclearAstrophysics
Structure & Dynamics of Exotic Nuclei
Sp=0
Sn=0
Halo, Skin, Molecule Nuclei
New ShellsNew Shapes
New Decay Mode 2 p-Emission
Physics with Exotic Nuclei
Applications
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High Energies RIB →
W. Schwab et al.,
Z.Phys. A350 (1995) 283;
1500 MeV/u h a lo n u c leo ntarget
halosystem co re
nucleus
H. Lenske, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 46 (2001)
Discovery of the Proton Halo
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Limitations of the Present Facility
Low primary beam intensity (e.g. 108 238U ions /s)
Low transmission for projectile fission fragments (4-10%)
Low transmission for fragments to the experimental areas (cave B,C) and into the storage ring ESR (a few %)
Limited maximum magnetic rigidity @ FRS: for U-like fragments @ ESR: cooler performance and magnets @ALADIN, to deflect break-up fragments
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Solutions→ SIS-100/300, Super-FRS, CR, NESR
SIS-100/300 238U ions 1012 / s
Large Acceptance Superconducting FRagment Separator (Super-FRS)
Ion-optical Parameters:
CR, NESR
1500R
Tm20Bρ
%2.5p
Δp
mrad20φ
mrad,40φ
mradmmπ40εε
ion
max
y
x
yx
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H. Geissel et al. NIM B 204 (2003) 71
FR S
S uper-FR S D egrader
D egrader 1
D egrader 2
Comparison of FRS and Super-FRS
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The Super-FRS is ideal forStudies of r-Process Nuclei
K.-H. Schmidt
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The International Accelerator Facilityfor Beams of Ions and Antiprotons
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The Super-FRS and its Branches
see talk by Magda Górska
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The Super-FRS and its Branches
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Experiments in the High Energy Branch of the Super-FRS
Reactions with Relativistic Radioactive Beams
T. Aumann, H. Emling, B. Jonson
Experiments
knockout and quasi-free scattering
electromagnetic
excitation
charge-exchange
reactions
fission
spallation
fragmentation
Physics Goals
single-particle occupancies, spectral functions,correlations, clusters, resonances beyond the drip lines
single-particle occupancies, astrophysical reactions (S factor), soft coherent modes, giant resonance strength, B(E2)
Gamov-Teller strength, spin-dipole resonance, neutron skins
shell structure, dynamical properties
reaction mechanism, applications (waste transmutation, ...)
-ray spectroscopy, isospin-dependence in multifragmentation
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The High Energy Experimental Setup
High-resolution momentum measurement
Large-acceptance measurements
Fragments
Neutrons
Protons
Neutrons
Exotic beam from Super-FRS rays
B = m v / Z
T. Aumann
Reactions with Relativistic Radioactive Beams R3B A versatile setup for kinematical complete measurements
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The Super-FRS and its Branches
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Predictive Power of Mass Models
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New Isospin Dependence of Pairing
2. Pairing-Gap energy, deduced from 5-point binding difference
25 )2,()1,(4),(6)1,(4)2,(
8
1),( cNZmNZmNZmNZNZmNZn
25 ),2(),1(4),(6),1(4),2(
8
1),( cNZmNZmNZmNZNZmNZp
Yu. Litvinov
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Lifetime Measurements of Short-lived Nuclei Applying Stochastic and Electronic Cooling
D. Boutin
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207 81+Tl
207 81+Pb207m 8 1+Tl
207m 8 1+Tl
207 81+Tl
207 81+Pb207m 8 1+Tl
207 81+Tl
207 81+Pb
207 81+Tl
207 81+Pb
207 81+Tl
207 81+Pb
207m 8 1+Tl1026.0328.0 slab
sT
Tlab
lab 12.048.12ln2/1
2/1
4305.1
D. Boutin, F. Nolden
Observation of the Short-Lived Isomer 207mTlwith Stochastic Cooling
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Advantage and Opportunitiesof eA Experiments
PRL 85 (2000) 2913
H. Simon, H. WeickCoincidence with recoils
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International Collaborations at the Super-FRS
NUSTAR, 73 Council Members, 23 Countries
Super-FRS: D(JLU), F(GANIL), JPN(Riken), USA(ANL, MSU),
Low-Energy Branch: B, D, E, PL, SF, UK,
High-Energy Branch: D, E, NL, S, (R3B)
Ring Branch: D, JPN, NL, PL, S, USA
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Studies of exotic atoms and exotic nuclei will contribute significantly to the basic knowledge of matter.
Precision experiments with stored exotic nuclei open up a new field for nuclear structure physics and astro-physics.
The next–generation facility will present unique
conditions for research and education.
There are many technical challenges inviting especially also the next-generation scientists.
Summary
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Electron Scattering
• Point like particle
• Pure electromagnetic probe formfactors F(q)
• F(q) transition formfactors high selectivity to certain multipolarities
Conventional eA collider
• Unstable nuclei
• Large recoil velocities full identification (Z,A) • Kinematics 4 - geometry, small angles complete kinematics • Bare ions no atomic background
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Layout of the CR Lattice
Lattice designed by A. Dolinskii
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Layout of the NESR Lattice
TasksIn-ring-experiments at• Gas-jet-target• Electron target• Electron ringDeceleration to energies < 100 MeV/u
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The Electron Ring
Horizontal/vertical emittance [mm mrad] 0.05
Momentum spread [%] ± 0.018
Horizontal tune 3.8
Vertical tune 2.8
Luminosity [cm-2 s-1]
11028