Download - Supporting ideas 2
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Rachel HibnerErin Davidson
ShaneEvelyn
Supporting Your Ideas
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Examples
Statistics
Testimony
Introduction
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• Specific case referred to in passing to illustrate pointBrief examples
• Longer and more detailed to illustrate pointExtended
examples• Describes an imaginary or
fictitious situationHypothetical examples
Examples
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Use to clarify
Use to reinforce
Use examples to personalize
Make your examples vivid
Practice delivery so you can maintain eye contact
Tips for Using Examples
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Can clarify and support ideas
Often cited in passing to
strengthen points
Can be stacked in order to show
magnitude of an issue
Statistics
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Are the statistics representative?
Are statistical measures used
correctly?
Are the statistics from a reliable
source?
Questions to answer when using statistics
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Mean
Average value of a group of numbers
Mode
Number that occurs most frequently in a
group of numbers
MedianMiddle number in a group of numbers
(arranged highest to lowest)
Statistical Measures
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The quotations or paraphrases used to support a point
Testimony
Expert testimony
Peer testimony
Difference between quoting & paraphrasing
Tips for using testimony
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Testimony from people who are
recognized experts in the their field
Helpful to students who
are rarely looked at as
experts
Important to use when topic is controversial
Expert Testimony
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Testimony from ordinary people with firsthand experience
Gives a more personal viewpoint on an issue
Conveys feelings, knowledge and insight
Peer Testimony
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Quote- testimony that is presented
word for word
Paraphrasing- testimony that
restates or summarizes sources
ideas
Quoting vs. Paraphrasing
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More effective than paraphrasing when brief
More effective than paraphrasing when conveys
the speaker’s meaning
More effective then paraphrasing when the quote
is eloquent, witty or compelling
Quote
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Quote or paraphrase accurately
• Don’t misquote• Do not violate the
meaning of your paraphrase
• Do not quote out of context
Use testimony from qualified sources
• Example: not all celebrities are qualified to endorse certain products
Tips for Using Testimony
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Examples – help draw vivid
images to ideas
Brief examples
Extended examples/narrative
Hypothetical example
Statistics – numerical data
Effective way to clarify & support
ideas
Make sure they are representative,
correct & reliable
Review