LCSC06 | Biosciences for SLT
SURFACE ANATOMY & BONES
LCSC06BIOSCIENCES
FOR SPEECH AND LANGUAGE THERAPY
Pedro Amarante Andrade, PhD
LCSC06 | Biosciences for SLT
THIS SESSION
Bones of the skull, including
mandible
Surface anatomy of head and neck
Cranial Fossa
Sinuses
LCSC06 | Biosciences for SLT
BONES OF THE SKULL
FACIAL BONES (14)
Single: mandible; vomer
Paired: inferior nasal conchae; nasal bones;
lacrimal bones; zygomatic bones; palatine bones;
maxillae
(hyoid bone)
Ear: 3 small bones
CRANIUM (8 BONES):
Single: frontal; occipital;
sphenoid; ethmoid
Paired: parietal and temporal
LCSC06 | Biosciences for SLT
BONES OF THE CRANIAL SKELETON
Ethmoid bone
Sphenoid bone
Frontal bone
Parietal bone
Occipital bone
Temporal bone
LCSC06 | Biosciences for SLT
By LadyofHats Mariana Ruiz Villarreal
HEAD & NECK:SKULL & BONES
Coronal suture
External auditory meatus
Temporomandibular joint
Zygomatic arch
LCSC06 | Biosciences for SLT
HEAD & NECK:SKULL & BONES
OccipitalParietal
Temporal
Mandible
Foramen magnum
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HEAD & NECK:SKULL & BONES
"Sobo 1909 41" by Dr. Johannes Sobotta - Sobotta
Atlas and Text-book of Human Anatomy 1909
Maxilla
Palatine
Zygomatic
Temporal
Occipital
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BONES OF THE CRANIAL SKELETON
Henry Gray (1981) Anatomy of the Human BodyHenry Vandyke Carter
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BONES OF THE FACE
Bones of the face:
• Mandible
• Maxillae
• Nasal bone
• Palatine bone and nasal conchae
• Vomer
• Zygomatic bone
• Hyoid bone
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MANDIBLE
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MAXILLAE
Paired bones of upper jaw
• Hard palate
• Nose
• Upper dental ridge
Landmarks
• Fontal process
• Infraorbital margin
• Orbital process
• Infraorbital foramen
• Zygomatic process
• Anterior nasal spine
• Alveolar process
Landmarks (Inferior aspect)
•Palatine process
•Median palatine suture a.k.a. intermaxillary suture
•Incisive foramen
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MAXILLAE
From Anatomography. Website maintained by Life Science Databases (LSDB).
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MAXILLAE
Henry Gray (1918) Anatomy of the Hyman Body. Henry Vandyke Carter
Locate: Orbital surface &
Zygomatic process
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NASAL BONES AND VOMER
From Anatomography. Website maintained by Life Science Databases (LSDB).
LCSC06 | Biosciences for SLT
NASAL BONES AND VOMER
Nasal bones and vomer
Henry Gray (1918) Anatomy of the Hyman Body. Henry Vandyke Carter
Ethmoid bone: small bones which make up
the superior nasal surface
LCSC06 | Biosciences for SLT
NASAL BONES AND VOMER
Henry Gray (1918) Anatomy of the Hyman Body. Henry Vandyke Carter
Ethmoid bone: small bones which make up
the superior nasal surface
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VOMER
Articulates with the:
• Perpendicular plate of ethmoid
• Cartilaginous septum
Forms the nasal septum
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BONES: NASAL CAVITY
Henry Gray (1918) Anatomy of the Hyman Body. Henry Vandyke Carter
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TMJ TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT
By Thierry Canuel. Wikicommons
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TMJ TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT
Henry Gray (1918) Anatomy of the Hyman Body. Henry Vandyke Carter
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ZYGOMATIC BONE
Prominent structures: cheek bones
Articulates with:
• Maxillae
• Frontal bone
• Temporal bone
Forms the cheek bone
By LadyofHats Mariana Ruiz Villarreal
LCSC06 | Biosciences for SLT
LACRIMAL BONE
Small bones almost completely hidden in the intact skull
Articulate with:
• maxillae
• frontal bone
• nasal bone
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CRANIAL FOSSAE
‘Fossae’= depressionsAnatomy & Physiology, Connexions Web site.
OpenStax College
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CRANIAL FOSSAE
Schadelbasis. Derivate work: Ms Strother. Wikicommons
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SURFACE ANATOMY OF HEAD & NECK
LCSC06 | Biosciences for SLT
SURFACE ANATOMY OF HEAD & NECK
Surface Anatomy: The anatomical Basis of Clinical examination, Lumley
• Upper eyelid• Lower eyelid• Upper lip• Lower lip• Sub-mental region• Hyoid region• Sub-hyoid region• Laryngeal region• Thyroid region• Supra-sternal region• Lateral neck region• Mandibular region• Mastoid region• Auricular region
LCSC06 | Biosciences for SLT
SURFACE ANATOMY OF NECKneck triangles
Posterior
Anterior
Muscular
SubmentalSubmandibular
Carotid
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SURFACE ANATOMY OF NECKneck triangles
Musculi coli base. Author: Olek Remesz
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SURFACE ANATOMYanterior neck
Hyoid BoneThyroid cartilage
Cricoid cartilage
Thyroid gland
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FACIAL LANDMARKS
Medical Gross Anatomy. Surface anatomy. http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/htm
l/surface/head_neck/face_landmarks.html
LCSC06 | Biosciences for SLT
SURFACE ANATOMY OF NECK
Surface Anatomy: The anatomical Basis of Clinical examination, Lumley
LCSC06 | Biosciences for SLT
SURFACE ANATOMY OF NECK
Henry Gray (1918) Anatomy of the Human Body. Bartleby.com: Gray’s Anatomy. Author: Henry Vandyke Carter
LCSC06 | Biosciences for SLT
SURFACE ANATOMYlymph nodes
Preauricular
Submental
AnteriorCervical
submandibular
supraclavicular
LCSC06 | Biosciences for SLT
SURFACE ANATOMYsinuses
• Frontal
• Sphenoid
• Ethmoid
• Maxillary
• mucosa-lined air-filled cavities within the bones of the face and skull communicating with nasal cavity
• Function: debated
– Decrease skull weight
– Increase resonance
– protection (immunity)
LCSC06 | Biosciences for SLT
SURFACE ANATOMYsinuses
Anatomy & Physiology, Connexions Web site. OpenStax College
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PARANASAL SINUSES
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ORAL CAVITY
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ORAL CAVITY
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ORAL CAVITYteeth
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EYE
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EAR
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TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE
LCSC06 | Biosciences for SLT
TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGELocate on each other:
• Upper eyelid• Lower eyelid• Upper lid• Lower lip• Sub-mental
region• Hyoid region• Sub-hyoid region
• Laryngeal region• Thyroid region• Supra-sternal
region• Lateral neck
region• Mandibular
region• Mastoid region• Auricular region
LCSC06 | Biosciences for SLT
TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGELocate on each other:
• Helix• Antihelix• External acoustic
meatus• Tragus• Antitragus• Intertragic incisure• Lobule of ear
• Pupil• Iris• Semilunar fold• Palpebral fissure• Lateral angle • Conjunctiva• Lacrimal caruncle• Medial angle
LCSC06 | Biosciences for SLT
TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGELocate on each other:
• Canine
• 1st incisors
• 2nd incisors
• Premolars
• molar
• Uvula• Palatopharyngeal
arch• Palatoglossal
arch• Vallate papillae• Palatine tonsil• Fungiform
papillae
LCSC06 | Biosciences for SLT
SPOT CHECK
Point to:Mastoid process
MaxillaLacrimal boneTemporal boneOccipital bone
TMJFrontal sinus
Tragus/AntitragusLaryngeal prominence
LCSC06 | Biosciences for SLT
BONES: PALPATIONExternal occipital protuberance (jctn skin neck/head)Superior nuchal line; median nuchal crestMastoid processZygomatic arch (front of ear)Parietal & frontal eminencesSuperciliary arches (frontal sinuses, F:small )Glabella (triangular, smooth)Nasion/frontonasal suture (depression root nose)Nasal bones vs cartilageOrbital marginSupraorbital notch (tubercule: lacrimal sac)Zygomatic boneMandible (condyle; posterior border ramus; angle; symphysis; anterior border ramus; alveolar process)Hyoid bone(http://www.bartleby.com/107/279.html)