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Sustainability challenges of
resource-driven economy of
Asia-Pacific countries
in the context of SDGs
The role of fiscal reforms, revenue management and sovereign wealth funds in the extractives sector, 7-8 December 2016, Bangkok
Seonmi Choi, UNDP-UNEP Poverty Environment Initiative
ESCAP Workshop on A Regional Guide on the Production and Dissemination of Disaster-Related Statistics,
Bangkok, December 15 2016
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POVERTY-ENVIRONMENT
INITIATIVE IN ASIA-PACIFIC
MONGOLIA
NEPALBHUTAN
BANGLADESH
MYANMAR
LAO PDR
PHILIPPINES
INDONESIA
THAILAND
Lower middle income, LDC
Lower middle income, LDC
Lower income, LDC
Lower middle income
Lower middle income, LDC
Lower middle income, LDC
Lower middle income
Upper middle income
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PEI Intended Outcome: Enhanced implementation of pro-poor environmentally sound development policies, plans and budgets
Impact:
Eradication of poverty and significant reduction of inequality and exclusion
Reduction in environmental degradation and increase in environmental assets & services
PEI Asia-Pacific Results Framework
Development Outcome (e.g. Number of new jobs created through management of natural
resources, ecosystem services, chemicals and waste, disaggregated by sex)
PEI process-oriented outcome indicators (e.g. level of application of P-E tools)
Ou
tpu
t 1 P-E approaches
and tools for
policies, plans
and
coordination
Ou
tpu
t 2 Cross-sectoral
budget and
expenditure
processes, and
environment-
economic
accounting
systems
institutionalised
Ou
tpu
t 3 Inform country,
regional and
global
development
programming by
the UN and
Member States
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Why are environment assets important for
human wellbeing?
60% of ecosystem services are being degraded or used unsustainably
(Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005)
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The Environments of Poverty
So
urce
: AD
B (2
00
8),
En
viro
nm
en
ts of P
ove
rty
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Po
ve
rty-E
nviro
nm
en
t-Clim
ate
Ne
xus
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Vulnerability, Adaptive capacity, Resilience
• Vulnerability in a disaster context: relative degree of ‘risk, susceptibility, resistance and resilience’ to a hazard event or disaster (McEntire, 2001)
• Vulnerability of whom: social and natural system
• Adaptive capacity: ‘the extent to which a system can modify its circumstances to move to a less vulnerable condition’ (Luers et al, 2003)
• Resilience as the qualities that enable an individual, community or organisation to cope with, adapt to and recover from a disaster event (Buckle et al, 2000; Horne, 1997; Mallak, 1998; Pelling and Uitto, 2001; Riolli and Savicki, 2003).
Source: E. P. Dalziell, S. T. McManus
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Help to understand multiple stressors that affect different assets
But insufficient attention to complex ecological consequences of livelihood strategies
Emphasis on stocks of natural capital, rather than the flow of ecosystem services
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From Risk and Vulnerability to “Resilience”
How to translate the concept “resilience” into practice?
e.g. Community Based Resilience Analysis (CoBRA)
Over time, various factors influence the resilience of communities to shocks and stresses.
Those that are able to bounce back to their condition in the pre-crisis period, or even
improve their situation, may be considered resilient.
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IFAD Multi-dimensional Poverty Assessment
- HHs’ exposure
to natural and
socioeconomic
shocks, hazards
- HHs’ ability to
cope and
recover from
such events.
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Levels of CCA integration
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Mainstreaming into budgeting
processes
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- Institutional context analysis- Institutional context analysis
- Economic valuation
- Cost-Benefit analysis
- Poverty and Social Impact Analysis
- Public expenditure reviews
- Strategic Environmental assessment
- Ecosystem assessment
- Vulnerability assessment (factors shaping vulnerability, critical for policy interventions, guiding resource allocation based on selected indicators and indices)
- Community risk assessment
- Coping capacities and resilience strategies at local level
- Spatial planning
- Participatory planning
- Integrated modelling tools
Poverty-Environment-Climate
Mainstreaming tools
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Thank you for your attention and to our donors:
www.unpei.org