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Sustainable and productive farming systems
The livestock sector--POINTS TO PONDER--
Jimmy Smith
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Rosegrant et al. 2009
POINT # 1: Demand-driven ‘livestock revolution’ is on-going
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POINT # 2: Did you know 7of 9 highest value commodities are livestock? (40% of Ag GDP)
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POINT # 3: Livestock in developing world –Small holders are crucial
Population: 18.5 billion domestic animals -70% of global population
Asset value: $1.4 trillion Livelihood: For over 1b people (more than 60% are women)Food and nutrition security: 17%
global kilocalories; 33% protein; Other: >50% of soil fertility
amendments in poor countries
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POINT # 4: Growth is occurring in evey region (2000 – 2030)
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FAO, 2012
80% livestock products sold in informal markets and small farms
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POINT # 5: Small holders, mostly women, can contribute more in Africa
Density of poor livestock keepers
People: 300 million people earning <$2 a day depend on livestock: Livestock : Cattle: 240 million head (16% of global total) Pigs : 25 million (3%); Poultry 1.5 billion (8%); Sheep & goats: 500 million (25%)
0 or no data
Density of poor livestock keepers
ILRI, 2012
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POINT # 6: Crop-livestock systems dominate
Herrero et al. 2009
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POINT # 9: Productivity gaps are large and constraints are many
Up to 130% for beef, 430% for milk, even among existing breeds.
Estimates suggest 50−70% deficits in feed relative to genetic potential
Animal diseases cause high morbidity and mortality rates
Risk and vulnerability high in dry areas
CARBON FOOTPRINT PER UNIT OF PRODUCT CAN BE CUT BY INCREASING PRODUCTIVITY
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Strategic Cross-cutting Platforms• Technology Generation• Market Innovation• Targeting & Impact
Inputs & Services Production Processing Marketing Consumers
R4D integrated to transform selected value chains In targeted commodities and countries.
Value chain development team + research partners
GLOBAL RESEARCH PUBLIC GOODS
INTERVENTIONS TO SCALE OUT REGIONALLY
Major intervention with development partners
POINT # 8: Solution driven and transformative R4D requires novel partnerships
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Key messages Livestock sector growth is taking place world wide and
is demand led
Small holders –particularly women, can increased their participation if enabled: benefits would be food and nutrition security, poverty reduction and economic growth
R & D partnerships are required to promote the appropriate policy and institutional environment, facilitate access to markets and close productivity gaps
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ResearchBiophysical research
• Increasing productivity (feed-breed-health)• Protecting livestock assets –vaccines, insurance• Livestock and the environment – in both directions (PES)
Institutional• Conducive policies• Equitable, gender sensitive market and service provision
models• Business enterprise models• Evidence to guide public and private sector roles and
investments in livestock
Systems transition• Better understanding of crop-livestock systems dynamics• Plausible futures analysis/modeling to inform policy and
investment options
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To eat or not to eat . . .meat, milk and fish
1 billion undernourished
2 billionoverweight
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THANK YOU THANK YOU