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Svalbard Global Seed Vault –
a back-up seed bank for the
world’s crop genetic resources
Tore Skrøppa Nordic Genetic Resource Centre – NordGen
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Vision- A global security net
• Safeguard a complete set of the world’s most important accessions of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture
• SGSV will provide the securest possible back-up site for a rational, effective, efficient and sustainable global system for conserving crop diversity and making it available
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Opening 26th of February 2008
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Where?
Svalbard, Norway 74-81° North, 10-35 ° East
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Why Svalbard Global Seed Vault?
Good management to safely back-up unique collections
Gene banks are vulnerable to - Civil strife and war - Natural disasters- Lack of adequate funding
The time was ripe: The International Treaty provides a framework for collaboration.
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A part of the global systemIn-situ• Wild protected areas• On-farm conservation
Ex-situ
Gene banks (seeds and cryo preservation)
Field collections
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International Policy Framework
• The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) 1993 and the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) 2004
• Same objectives: Conservation, sustainable use and fair and equitable sharing of benefits derived from their use
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The Structure
Storage halls embedded in solid rock (120 m into the mountainside)
130 m above sea (above worst case climate change scenario)
Geologically stable location
Temperature maintained at -18°C
Permafrost provides natural freeze guarantee at -4 °C in the event of equipment failure
Monitoring and surveillance with gas-, temperature- and motion- detectors
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The Organization
• The Norwegian government: the liable national authority
• NordGen: responsibility for the management and operation
• The Global Crop Diversity Trust: Funding the maintenance and operation. Funding shipment of seeds from eligible collections
• International Advisory Council oversees the operation of the Vault
NordGen
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Operation
PGR of importance to food security and sustainable agriculture
Accessions in two conventional long-term gene banks elsewhere
Build on in-trust collections (article 15 in ITPGRFA)
Expansion: Unique genetic material -avoiding duplication as far as feasible
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Terms
Signing of Standard Deposit Agreement
Deposition consistent with international law
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Conditions
Storage free of charge for public and private holders of PGRFA Black box -will never be opened Viability testing - regeneration – multiplication responsibility remains with the depositor Information access on public online data portal Withdrawal on request
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Should seed lots of forest tree
species be stored at SGSV?
Purpose
Back-up storage for research to monitor long term changes in genetic diversity Conservation of threatened populations - which species? - conifers or broad-leaved? - long term storage conditions?
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View from the Svalbard Global Seed Vault
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Seed Portal: www.nordgen.org/sgsv
www.seedvault.no
Thank you!