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Clara FowlerResearch Services & Assessment MangerResearch Medical Library
Systematic Reviews: Planning the Literature Search
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EXPE
RIEN
CE? What is your experience
with literature searching?
1. I search EMBASE or CINAHL or CENTRAL frequently
2. I search MEDLINE using the Ovid interface frequently
3. I search PubMed frequently4. I’ve searched one or more of these
databases infrequently5. I’ve heard of these databases, but never
searched them
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1) Create a Searchable Question
2) Preliminary Searching Strategies
3) Search, Organize & Report ResultsAGEN
DA
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Systematic Reviews
High-quality systematic reviews seek to: Identify all relevant published
evidence through systematic searching of multiple literature databases
http://www.medicine.ox.ac.uk/bandolier/painres/download/whatis/syst-review.pdf
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Create a Searchable Question
Use PICO format.
Create list of KEY CONCEPTS.
Identify SYNONYMS & ACRONYMS.
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Approximately 5%-30% of the population age 50 and older suffers from dry eye disease impacting visual acuity, social and physical functioning, and workplace productivity. Patients incur medical costs through frequent visits to health care professionals, as well as from prescription and over-the-counter therapies.
The first line of treatment includes artificial tears and environmental coping strategies (frequent blinking and using humidifiers).
There are multiple secondary treatments including topical glucocorticoids, omega-3 fatty acids, acupuncture, and surgery. A new drug, Xiidra, was approved by the FDA in 2016 to treat dry eye disease.
Clinical Scenario
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In patients with dry eye disease, does Xiidra improve patient-relevant outcomes over nonprescription artificial tears?
P (Patient): Dry Eye DiseaseI (Intervention): XiidraC (Comparison): artificial tearsO (Outcome(s)): improvement in ocular discomfort, eye dryness, and visual impairment
Create the PICO question
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What are the most important elements of this search?
How can you make sure that your search is comprehensive?.
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P (Patient): Dry Eye DiseasesInclude conditions that would create dry eye disease as well as synonyms for dry eye
Dry eye disease: dry eye syndrome, dysfunctional tear syndrome, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, Sjögren's syndrome, aqueous tear-deficient dry eye, lacrimal dysfunction, lacrimal ductal obstruction, reduced reflex sensory tear secretion, decreased tear production, tear film evaporation, ocular surface irritation, chronic eye irritation, excessive tearing, blepharitis, blink rate
Identify SYNONYMS
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I (Intervention): XiidraCreate a search for the drug using all name variants
Brand: XiidraScientific: LifitegrastExperimental: SAR 1118, SAR1118, SAR-1118Class: lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) antagonist
Identify SYNONYMS
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Artificial tears
How many synonyms can you think of to
use for this concept?
SearchExperience
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C (Comparison): artificial tears
Lubricant eye drops, artificial tear drops, lubricating eye-drops,
Nonprescription drugs, non-prescription, over the counter, OTC, over-the-counter
Identify SYNONYMS
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Scoping Search
Is this a new question?
Is there enough data available to complete a systematic review?
How much time will it take to complete?
1. Search PubMed Clinical Queries & Cochrane Library to see if there are exisiting systematic reviews
2. Search PROSPERO for registered systematic reviews
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Select DatabasesTo Search
Cochrane LibraryCampbell LibraryMEDLINEEMBASEWeb of ScienceCINAHLPsycINFOCENTRALOthers?
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Publication Types
JOURNAL ARTICLESMEETING ABSTRACTSCLINICAL TRIALSWEBSITES
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Create a comprehensive list of keywords with
alternate spellings
Use truncationdecreas* tear* irritat*
Use adjacencylacrimal adj3 (dysfunction* OR
obstruct*)
Keywords
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Most databases have a thesaurus or list of subject
headings
MeSH – MEDLINEEMTREE – EMBASECINAHL Headlines
Look up all the relevant subject headings for each
concept in your search
Selectively explode terms
Subject Heading
s
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Draft Strategy
Create MEDLINE Strategy and review line-by-line with co-authors
Use PRESS checklist to review all key search methods
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PRESSCHECKLIST
REVIEW SEARCH
STRATEGIESSearchExperience
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TranslateSearch Strategy into Other Databases
Cochrane LibraryMEDLINEEMBASEWeb of ScienceCINAHLPsycINFOPubMedOthers?
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EMBASE
Try translating the MEDLINE strategy into the EMBASE
database
SearchExperience
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IDENTIFICATION
Records identified through database searching
PRIS
MA
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1. Hand Searching2. Grey Literature
3. Contacting Experts4. Proceedings
5. Clinicaltrials.gov6. Cited Reference
Searching7. pubstatusaheadofprint
Unpublished
Literature
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IDENTIFICATION
Records identified through database searching
Additional records identified through other sources
PRIS
MA
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TipsRun the final searches within 24
hours
Save search strategy in database as well as in a .txt file
Last update search should be done within 6-months of
submission for publication
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1. Exporting to EndNote
2. Organizing Search Results
3. De-duplication with EndNote
Citation Manageme
nt
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Search Tracking Spreadsheet
PRISMA Flow DiagramDocument
ation
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IDENTIFICATION
Records identified through database searching
Additional records identified through other sources
SCREENING
Records after duplicates removed
PRIS
MA
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Writing the SearchMethodology List databases and other resources searched
and include date search ended Describe search strategies and filters and
number of results Include other searching methods – hand
searching, reference searching, requesting data and articles
Provide a copy of the MEDLINE search for the appendix
Discussion Section: Include level of confidence that all available studies were located. Address whether search limits may have blocked retrieval of results or if other sources could have been searched.
http://eahil.eu/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/3-7-Foster.pdf
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QUES
TION
S?
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