Systemic Circulation: 1. superior vena cava
drains
a. azygos system
b. right and left
brachiocephalic veins
c. internal jugular
and subclavian vein
d. external jugular
and axillary
e. cephalic vein
(superficial) and brachial
vein (deep) which drains
radial, ulnar, median
cubital and basilic veins
Cranial Circulation: cranial
venous
sinuses
Dural sinuses Drain the veins of
the brain
Cavernous sinuses
Dangerous if trauma
Come together as
sigmoid sinus – becomes Internal Jugular vein
Exits skull through jugular foramen
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Internal jugular veins Drain most of blood from brain
Run lateral to internal then common carotid
At base of neck joins subclavian v. to form brachiocephalic v.
External jugulars – drain some of scalp & face
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:
Azygos
system
drains the
thorax
Note that unlike the
arteries, the veins
have a
brachiocephalic on
the right and left
sides
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Deep veins of upper limbs follow arteries, most of them double to one artery
Superficial veins: see pic
Blood drawn from median cubital vein in antecubital fossa
Antecubital Fossa Form
anastomese
frequently
Median cubital
vein is used to
obtain blood or
administer IV
fluids
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Systemic Veins
3 major vessels enter Right Atrium:
SVC (superior vena cava)
IVC (inferior vena cava)
Coronary sinus
Many veins are very superficial (unlike arteries)
Venous plexuses (networks of anastomoses and parallel veins) are very common
Head and hepatic portal systems are unusual
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Inferior vena cava
drains
a. hepatic vein
b. phrenic vein
c. paired renal
veins
d. paired gonadal
veins
Body wall veins
parallel the
arteries.
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Veins Of The Right Lower Limb And Pelvis
(b)
Popliteal vein
Common iliac vein
Fibular (peroneal)
vein Anterior tibial vein
Dorsalis pedis vein
Dorsal venous arch Metatarsal veins
Internal iliac vein External iliac vein Inguinal ligament
Femoral vein Great saphenous
vein (superficial)
Great saphenous vein
Popliteal vein Anterior tibial vein
Fibular (peroneal) vein
Small saphenous vein
(superficial)
Posterior tibial vein
Plantar veins
Plantar arch Digital veins
(a)
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Leg veins Names similar to
arteries
Femoral becomes
external iliac after
crossing under
inguinal ligament
External iliac joins
with internal iliac to
form common iliac
vein
_________used for grafting in coronary
artery bypass grafts: is the
longest vein in the body
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Paired common iliac veins which drain
(1) paired internal iliac veins
(2) paired external iliac veins which drain
(a) femoral veins which drain
1. popliteal veins which drain
a. Peroneal vein
b. Anterior and posterior tibial veins
(b) great saphenous veins
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Kind of confusing… Superior
mesenteric and
splenic veins
join to form
hepatic portal
vein, which
goes up into
liver
Inferior
mesenteric
empties into
the splenic vein
*
*
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Hepatic portal system Picks up digested nutrients from stomach & intestines
and delivers them to liver for processing and storage Storage of nutrients
Detoxification of toxins, drugs, etc.
Two capillary beds
Route: artery to capillaries of gut to hepatic portal vein to liver’s capillaries to hepatic vein to IVC
Tributaries of hepatic
portal vein:
-superior mesenteric vein
-splenic vein
-inferior mesenteric vein
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Fetal
Circulation
The one umbilical vein brings blood which has been to the placenta for oxygenation (by gas diffusion from mom’s blood)
The pair of umbilical arteries (branches from baby’s internal iliac arteries) carry blood to placenta to pick up oxygen and nutrients
Fetal heart starts beating at 21 days post conception
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