TaishirDamandReservoirontheZavkhanRiver:ImagesandImpressionsfromHerdersaffectedbytheDamandReservoir
Version1
PaulRobinsonResearchDirector
SouthwestResearchandInformaDonCenterAlbuquerque,NewMexico,USA
July29,2017
TheTaishirDamandReservoirandporDonsoftheZavkhanRiverValleydownstreamoftheDamwerevisitedaspartof“WaterandMiningExchangeProgram”coordinatedbyPaul
RobinsonwhichincludedrepresentaDvesofMongolianEnvironmentalCivilCouncil(MECC),RiverswithoutBoundaries,andBuryatRegionalOrganizaDononBaikal.
ThegroupvisitedthedamandmetwithoperaDngstaff,herderswhorelyontheZavkhanRiverforlivestockwaterandpasturedownstreamofthedamandherderslivetheupstreamporDons
ofthereservoir,anddrovecompletelyaroundthelake.
1
TaishirDamandReservoir–GeneralInformaDon
(Photosfromh_ps://www.rccdams.co.uk/dams/taishir/?pages2pdf=1)PowerGeneraDonCapacity:11MWTurbineConfiguraDon:3X3.45MW,1X650kW(Francis)
TheDamandHydropowerStaDonarelocated50kmnortheastofAltaiontheZavkhanRiverattheborderofGobiAltaiandZavkhanaimags.In1998,aconsorDumofLahmeyer,IVOInternaDonal,andMCSInternaDonalcompletedafeasibilitystudyforthepowerstaDon.KuwaitFundforArabEconomicDevelopmentthencommissionedSnowyMountainsEngineeringCorptoprovideanalysisanddesignservicesfortheplant(alsoknownasUlaanboom),whichhasa190mlongRCCdamanda340kmtransmissionline.Thetotalcostwasabout$39mn,withfundingfromKFAEDandadevelopmentfundinAbuDhabi.Outputisexpectedtobeabout37GWh/yr.h_p://www.industcards.com/hydro-mongolia.htm
TheTaishirprojectwasdesignedtomaximizewintergeneraBon,withriparianreleasesthroughamicro-turbineinsummerwhenthereservoirisfilling.ThemostdisDnguishingfeatureoftheprojectisthe55mhighrollercompactedconcretegravitydamwithcrestelevaDonof1708m,crestlengthof190mandavolumeof250,000m3.
h_p://www.waterpowermagazine.com/projectprofiles/projectprofilesextreme-dam-building/ 2
3
ViewAlongtheTopoftheSpillwayfortheDam
4
ThePowerStaDonandChannelwhereWaterisDischargedintotheZavkhanRiverattheBaseoftheDam
CommentsandConcernsofAreaHerderswereheardduringmeeDngswithherdersJuly22-24,2017.MeeDngsincludingwithGovernorofthelocaldistrict–Bag–downstreamofdamsitealongtheZavkhanRiverandherdersinareasneartheupstreamporDonofthereservoir.
-GovernorsaisthetwoBagsdirectlydownstreamofDamsiteeachhaveabout100herderfamilies.TheZavkhanRiveristhesolesourceofwaterfortheherderssotheylivealongtheriverforhisBagandotherdownstream.-GovernorsaidherderswereseverelyaffectedbylossesoflargeporDonsoftheirherdswhiledamwasfillingasallflowsinZavkhanwascontainedindamtofillreservoirforseveralyears.HerdershavegrownaswaterwasallowedtoreturntotheRiver.-SincethehydropowerstaDonhasbeguntogenerateenergy,herdersreportedlargeslossesoflivestockduringwinterwhenthedamisreleasingitlargestflowstosupportoperaDonofpowerstaDonatpeaklevel.Herderssaidlivestockfellthroughiceformedaboveflowingwaterinriver.HerderatmeeDngreportedlossof600hearofca_le.BagGovernormenDonedlossof150horses.-Herderssaidlivestockfellthroughtheiceformedoverflowingwater.Herdersaidtheirwintersheltersforlivestockandgersandhomeshavefloodedduringpeakwinterflowsandherdershavehadtorelocatehomesandlivestockshelters.-Herderslivingupstreamofthereservoirandalongitshoresreportproblemofanimallossesduetogrowthof“poisonous”plants,parDcularduringdryperiods.Herdershaveconsultedinveterinariansduetoanimalslosses.-GovernorsaidherdersindownstreamBagshavenotreceivedcompensaDonforlossesduringthefillingofthelakeorasaresultofreleases.-HerderssaidthatculturalsitesweredestroyedincludingporDonsofhistoricmonasterylandsweredrownedbythereservoir.-HerdershavenotbenefitedfromelectricitygeneratedbythehydropowerstaDonaspowerisdistribuDonthroughtransmissionlinestoAltai,Govi-AltaiAimagCenterandZavkhanAimagCenter.5
ZavkhanRiverValleyDownstreamofTaishirDam
6
ZavkhanRiverDownstreamofTaishirDam
7
LivestockintheFloodplainoftheZavkhanRiverDownstreamofTaishirDam
8
Herder’sGernearUpstreamEndofReservoir
9
LivestockintheZavkhanRiverneartheUpstreamendoftheReservoir
10
ReservoirwithDamintheDistance
11
ViewofAreawhichPorDonsofaMonasterywheredrownedbytheReservoir
12
ViewofAreawherePorDonsofaHistoricallyAndCulturallyImportantMonasterywheredrownedbytheReservoir
13
LargestStructureatMonasterynexttoReservoir
14
WinterShelterwhereLamasfromMonasterywereMassacred
15
Taishir12/30/2016
MonasteryArea*
AreaofGernearUpstreamEndofReservoir*
AreanearImagesDownstreamofDam*
16
SatelliteImagesshowingtheGrowthoftheReservoirfromGoogleEarth
17
Taishir12/30/2007
18
Taishir12/30/2008
19
Taishir12/30/2011
20
Taishir12/30/2015
21
Taishir12/30/2016
22
TaishirUpstream12/30/2007
23
TaishirUpstream12/30/2012
24
TaishirUpstream12/30/2015
25
TaishirUpstream12/30/2016
26
RenewableEnergySystemConstrucDonCostsandLandUseRequirementsinMongoliaTaishir–11MW-$39million-$3.54/wa_h_p://www.industcards.com/hydro-mongolia.htm
SalkhitWindFarm–50MW-$122million-$2.44/wa_h_ps://www.mo_mac.com/arDcle/2321/salkhit-wind-farm-mongoliaDarkhanSolarFarm–10MW–$17million-$1.7/wa_
h_ps://www.infomongol.mn/content/print/70894.htm
LandRequiredSolarPowerStaDonDarkhanSolarFarm-10MWpowerstaDon-29.1hectares(291,000m2)
2.91hectares/MWh_p://annx.asianews.network/content/operaDon-biggest-solar-power-plant-mongolia-commences-37624
27
ViewofReservoirandMonastery
ThankyouforyourDmeanda_enDon28
