Download - TCP / IP Services and Standards
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Website Design and Construction
Services and Standards
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The Internet
London
Beijing ME
SS
AG
E
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Internet Protocol (IP)
London
Beijing
E
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Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
London
Beijing ME SS AG E
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Client – Server model
Server
Client
Client
Client
“Server” – because it provides a service.
“Client” – because they take advantage of the service.
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Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Computer B Computer A
Browser (client)
Web Server (server)
Connection
<<<< html <<<<
HTTP protocol shared between two applications.
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Uniform Resource Locator
Describes– The protocol used.– Type of service requested.– The domain name (IP address).– Location (on the host) of the document.– Name of the document (message).
http://www.hct.ac.ae/courses/higherdiploma.html
http://webmail.hct.ac.ae/index.html
ftp://ftpservername.hct.ac.ae/myfiles/plan.doc
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Services (and their provider)
Web content (web Server) File transfer (ftp Server) Chat (irc Server) Email (smtp and pop server) Applications (database servers)
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Web Servers and Web Browsers
Browser Web Server
The Internet
<htklsdf> <htm> <ht><wer ><asdf< asd f>f
<htklsdf> <htm> <ht><wer ><asdf< asd f>f
<htklsdf> <htm> <ht><wer ><asdf< asd f>f
<htklsdf> <htm> <ht><wer ><asdf< asd f>f
<htklsdf> <htm> <ht><wer ><asdf< asd f>f
<htklsdf> <htm> <ht><wer ><asdf< asd f>f
<htklsdf> <htm> <ht><wer ><asdf< asd f>f
<htklsdf> <htm> <ht><wer ><asdf< asd f>f
<htklsdf> <htm> <ht><wer ><asdf< asd f>f
<htklsdf> <htm> <ht><wer ><asdf< asd f>f
<htklsdf> <htm> <ht><wer ><asdf< asd f>f
<htklsdf> <htm> <ht><wer ><asdf< asd f>f
<htklsdf> <htm> <ht><wer ><asdf< asd f>f
<htklsdf> <htm> <ht><wer ><asdf< asd f>f
<htklsdf> <htm> <ht><wer ><asdf< asd f>f
<htklsdf> <htm> <ht><wer ><asdf< asd f>f
Parse
<htklsdf> <htm> <ht><wer ><asdf< asd f>f
Client side Server side
Render
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Web Servers & Web Browsers
Many devices = Many browsers
– Internet Explorer– Netscape Navigator– Mozilla FireFox– Opera– Lynx– Konqueror
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Web Servers & Web Browsers
Many browser = problems
– Differing interpretations of html pages– Browser specific tags! – Different fonts– Different screen resolutions– Different colour depths
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Web Servers & Web Browsers
Problems solved by STANDARDS– Language standards (HTML)– Protocol standards– Colour representation standards– ….
Standard USE of LANGUAGES
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Example
<img src=“images/logo.gif”>
<img src=“images/logo.gif” alt=“Company logo - a globe”>
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…without images displayed.
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HTML <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD
XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN">
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What is the current standard?
http://www.w3c.org
What percentage of sites conform to the standard?
Do all browsers correctly implement the standard?
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What is the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)? Founded in 1994 by Tim Berners-Lee
Independent body
Define standards
Design new technologies