Download - Telecommunications
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Telecommunications
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TelecommunicationsCommunicating and transmitting
information electronically- - - - - - - -
(includes transmitting data, text, pictures,
voice and video over long distance)
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How Do We Tele-Communicate?
Phone
Voice mail
Cell phone—also includes texting
Fax—a document generated by using a facsimile machine
Email—transmission of messages and files using a computer network
Instant messaging
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Methods of Telecommunication
Social networking sites—websites that provide a virtual community in which people with a shared interest may communicate
Telecommuting—the action of working from home using a computer and telecommunications media
Intranet—a company’s private computer network
e-commerce/e-business—buying/selling merchandise or conducting business on the Internet
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Methods of Telecommunication
Audio conferencing—Communication between three or more sites that are linked by a voice-only telecommunications medium
Video conferencing—Communicate in real time via video with two or more people at different locations
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Telecommunications & Networks
At the heart of telecommunications is the ability to “network” computers together . . .
And at the heart of networks is the media through which communication
flows: wires, telephone lines, or wireless signals.
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NetworksA group of two or more
computers linked together
Benefits Instant communication
Information sharing
Hardware sharing
Software sharing
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Network ComponentsServer—the computer at the center of a network that
manages network resources; more powerful than a desktop computer
Client—any computer on a network that relies on a server for resources, i.e. email, etc.
computers that are connected and ready to receive and/or transmit data are said to be online,
as opposed to a stand-alone computer: a computer that is not connected to a network
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Classification by CoverageLocal Area Network—a network that spans a relatively
small area; typically is confined to a single building or several buildings
WAN—a network that geographically spans a large area; typically includes 2 or more LANsThere are several variations of WANs
A popular WAN used by large businesses is the VPN
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Virtual Private NetworkVPN—a private network that uses a public network
(usually the Internet) to connect remote sites or users together. Instead of using a dedicated, real-world connection such as
leased line, a VPN uses "virtual" connections routed through the Internet from the company's private network to the remote site or employee.
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What media is used to connect computers
to a network or to the Internet?Two categories of media
Wired Media
Wireless Media
A computer will need a network interface card (NIC)
to connect to a network or the Internet.
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Wired MediaTwisted pair cable—cable that consists of two independently
insulated wires twisted around one another. Twisted pair is the least expensive type of wire
Coaxial cable—a type of wire that consists of a center wire surrounded by insulation and then a grounded shield of braided wire
Fiber optic cable—a technology that uses glass (or plastic) threads (fibers) to transmit data. Fiber optics provide the best quality but is expensive to install and the cable is more fragile and difficult to splice
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Wireless MediaMicrowave
Satellite
Infrared (remote controls)
Cellular
Wi-Fi (radio waves)
Bluetooth (short-range radio waves)
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How is information transmitted to and from your computer on a network or the
Internet?Modems—phone, cable, DSL
Satellites—provides high speed access for rural, remote areas or mobile vehicles and boats; transmits electromagnetic signals
T Lines—a digital high-speed long-distance telephone line that is capable of carrying multiple types of signals across the line; T-1 / T-4 lines are currently available; typically large companies and organizations qualify