![Page 1: Television Beyond Frontiers - LSE Home · Television Beyond Frontiers: reflections on public service broadcasting in a digital Europe Professor Caroline Pauwels Head of the Institute](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042201/5ea1b596096a7520fb6f6b9c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Department of Media and Communications public lecture
Television Beyond Frontiers: reflections on public service broadcasting in a digital Europe
Professor Caroline PauwelsHead of the Institute for Broadband Technologies/Studies on Media, Information and Telecommunications, Free University of Brussels
Dr Damian TambiniSenior lecturer, Department of Media and Communications, LSE
Professor Sonia LivingstoneChair, LSE
![Page 2: Television Beyond Frontiers - LSE Home · Television Beyond Frontiers: reflections on public service broadcasting in a digital Europe Professor Caroline Pauwels Head of the Institute](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042201/5ea1b596096a7520fb6f6b9c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
FROM TELEVISION WITHIN
FRONTIERS TO TELEVISION BEYOND
FRONTIERS:
Reflections on Public Service Media in a
digital Europe.
Prof. Dr. Caroline Pauwels
![Page 3: Television Beyond Frontiers - LSE Home · Television Beyond Frontiers: reflections on public service broadcasting in a digital Europe Professor Caroline Pauwels Head of the Institute](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042201/5ea1b596096a7520fb6f6b9c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
OVERVIEW
• Preliminary remarks
• Chronological overview PSB -> PSM history
1. Television within frontiers
2. Television without frontiers
3. Television beyond frontiers
• Conclusions & recommendations
![Page 4: Television Beyond Frontiers - LSE Home · Television Beyond Frontiers: reflections on public service broadcasting in a digital Europe Professor Caroline Pauwels Head of the Institute](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042201/5ea1b596096a7520fb6f6b9c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
1. PRELIMINARY REMARKS
• PSB studies & rhetoric: television bias -> need
for multi- or cross-mediality
• Normative nature of debate: choice for PSM is
societal choice, result of political vision on
society
• Avoid dichotomous thinking & false
arguments: PSM indeed is a ‘usual suspect’
• PSM covers up for empirical diversity
![Page 5: Television Beyond Frontiers - LSE Home · Television Beyond Frontiers: reflections on public service broadcasting in a digital Europe Professor Caroline Pauwels Head of the Institute](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042201/5ea1b596096a7520fb6f6b9c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
NUMBER OF TV CHANNELS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
HAS TRIPLED
Source: Based on EBU Members’ data
![Page 6: Television Beyond Frontiers - LSE Home · Television Beyond Frontiers: reflections on public service broadcasting in a digital Europe Professor Caroline Pauwels Head of the Institute](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042201/5ea1b596096a7520fb6f6b9c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
TV MARKET SHARE EU 27*
Source: Based on EBU Members’ data
*Bulgaria, Luxembourg, Malta and Romania not included due to missing data
![Page 7: Television Beyond Frontiers - LSE Home · Television Beyond Frontiers: reflections on public service broadcasting in a digital Europe Professor Caroline Pauwels Head of the Institute](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042201/5ea1b596096a7520fb6f6b9c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
PSM MARKET SHARES TV & RADIO
![Page 8: Television Beyond Frontiers - LSE Home · Television Beyond Frontiers: reflections on public service broadcasting in a digital Europe Professor Caroline Pauwels Head of the Institute](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042201/5ea1b596096a7520fb6f6b9c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
AMOUNT OF PUBLIC FUND/OVERALL
BUDGET/INHABITANT
![Page 9: Television Beyond Frontiers - LSE Home · Television Beyond Frontiers: reflections on public service broadcasting in a digital Europe Professor Caroline Pauwels Head of the Institute](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042201/5ea1b596096a7520fb6f6b9c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
AMOUNT PUBLIC
FUNDING/INHABITANT
![Page 10: Television Beyond Frontiers - LSE Home · Television Beyond Frontiers: reflections on public service broadcasting in a digital Europe Professor Caroline Pauwels Head of the Institute](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042201/5ea1b596096a7520fb6f6b9c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
BENCHMARK VRT FINANCING
Budget per Inhabitant (€/pp) Government subsidy per Inhabitant (€/pp)
Others: Average of 7 public broadcasters incl. VRT
![Page 11: Television Beyond Frontiers - LSE Home · Television Beyond Frontiers: reflections on public service broadcasting in a digital Europe Professor Caroline Pauwels Head of the Institute](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042201/5ea1b596096a7520fb6f6b9c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
BUDGET/INHABITANT -> VARYING RADIO
& TV OFFERS
![Page 12: Television Beyond Frontiers - LSE Home · Television Beyond Frontiers: reflections on public service broadcasting in a digital Europe Professor Caroline Pauwels Head of the Institute](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042201/5ea1b596096a7520fb6f6b9c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
2. CHRONOLOGICAL OVERVIEW
1. Television within frontiers = managing
SCARCITY
2. Television without frontiers = managing
CHOICE
3. Television beyond frontiers = managing
ABUNDANCE
![Page 13: Television Beyond Frontiers - LSE Home · Television Beyond Frontiers: reflections on public service broadcasting in a digital Europe Professor Caroline Pauwels Head of the Institute](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042201/5ea1b596096a7520fb6f6b9c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
TELEVISION WITHIN FRONTIERS:
managing scarcity
First period
![Page 14: Television Beyond Frontiers - LSE Home · Television Beyond Frontiers: reflections on public service broadcasting in a digital Europe Professor Caroline Pauwels Head of the Institute](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042201/5ea1b596096a7520fb6f6b9c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
TELEVISION WITHIN FRONTIERS =
MANAGING SCARCITY• Ideas
– Enlightenment, emancipation & humanism
– Spectrum scarcity
• Interests– Nation States
– Political elites
– Citizens
– …
– Radio industry
– No real independent TV production industry
• Institutions– Nation state level: national or regional
– No real EU interference
– Cultural and social objectives
![Page 15: Television Beyond Frontiers - LSE Home · Television Beyond Frontiers: reflections on public service broadcasting in a digital Europe Professor Caroline Pauwels Head of the Institute](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042201/5ea1b596096a7520fb6f6b9c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
TELEVISION WITHOUT
FRONTIERS:
managing choice
Second period
![Page 16: Television Beyond Frontiers - LSE Home · Television Beyond Frontiers: reflections on public service broadcasting in a digital Europe Professor Caroline Pauwels Head of the Institute](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042201/5ea1b596096a7520fb6f6b9c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
TELEVISION WITHOUT FRONTIERS =
MANAGING CHOICE• Ideas
– Postmodernism
– Neo-liberalism
– Consumer sovereignty: his majesty, the viewer
– New public management
• Interests– PSB Inc.
– Private sector: broadcasters, advertisers, independent production companies
– Consumers
– EU institutions
– Upcoming WTO/Unesco battle for legitimation
• Institutions– (Nation) State at a distance -> ‘independent’ regulators
– Impact of EU liberalization and market integration agenda
– Economic liberalization & harmonzsation agenda
– Sector specific and horizontal policies: competition law on the rise
– Subsidiarity: Article 151(4) EC treaty (now Article 167(4) TFEU) & Amsterdam protocol (1997)
– Impact WTO (>< UNESCO)
![Page 17: Television Beyond Frontiers - LSE Home · Television Beyond Frontiers: reflections on public service broadcasting in a digital Europe Professor Caroline Pauwels Head of the Institute](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042201/5ea1b596096a7520fb6f6b9c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
TELEVISION BEYOND FRONTIERS:
managing abundance
Third period
![Page 18: Television Beyond Frontiers - LSE Home · Television Beyond Frontiers: reflections on public service broadcasting in a digital Europe Professor Caroline Pauwels Head of the Institute](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042201/5ea1b596096a7520fb6f6b9c/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
TELEVISION BEYOND FRONTIERS =
MANAGING ABUNDANCE• Ideas
– Late modernism; hybridization, liquid society
– Open source, Social media & wisdom of the crowds
– Cultural diversity movement
– Googlenomics: ’free’ economy movement
– Public sector management/public value management
• Interests– Multi-stakeholder media environment
• Traditional media players, but no longer confined to broadcasting: publishers, distributors
• New players:
– You Tube, Google,
– cultural institutions
– PS Multimedia Entrepreneurs
– UGC: prosumers or produsers
• Institutions– From TWF -> Audiovisual media services directive: meeting convergence!
– Full fledged competition policy: Public value tests & market impact assessment
– UNESCO’s convention on cultural diversity
![Page 19: Television Beyond Frontiers - LSE Home · Television Beyond Frontiers: reflections on public service broadcasting in a digital Europe Professor Caroline Pauwels Head of the Institute](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042201/5ea1b596096a7520fb6f6b9c/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
3. CONCLUSIONS
• Implement overall legal framework conducive to global PSM environment & spirit– PSM fund:
1. Sustainable funding for PSM institution as a platform, middle long term guarantees
2. Public Service Programming fund, available to all, no top slicing of PSM funding (1) however
– Implement & enhance existing Legal media framework
– Competition law
– Media literacy & media capabilities initiatives: secure demand for PSM offer
• Reposition PSM along new core tasks– Conversation: embrace social media but be a trusted guide & counterbalance
the paradox of choice
– Citizen & competences/capabilities approach; address digital divides (access, capabilities, critical sense, privacy…); social search engine
– Credibility
– Creativity & innovation: on SW & HW level
– Conservation: secure common cultural heritage & national narratives
![Page 20: Television Beyond Frontiers - LSE Home · Television Beyond Frontiers: reflections on public service broadcasting in a digital Europe Professor Caroline Pauwels Head of the Institute](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042201/5ea1b596096a7520fb6f6b9c/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: Television Beyond Frontiers - LSE Home · Television Beyond Frontiers: reflections on public service broadcasting in a digital Europe Professor Caroline Pauwels Head of the Institute](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042201/5ea1b596096a7520fb6f6b9c/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Department of Media and Communications public lecture
Television Beyond Frontiers: reflections on public service broadcasting in a digital Europe
Professor Caroline PauwelsHead of the Institute for Broadband Technologies/Studies on Media, Information and Telecommunications, Free University of Brussels
Dr Damian TambiniSenior lecturer, Department of Media and Communications, LSE
Professor Sonia LivingstoneChair, LSE