Download - Temporary housing proposal group c
Nazanin Mehregan I Gunther Stoll I Michela Guglielmi I Ella Yin Chi
TEMP
OUSE
PROJECT PROPOSAL FOR TEMPORARY HOUSING IN OFUNATO
1 OUTLINE OF OFUNATO SITUATION
Ofunato
Location of Ofunato in Iwate Prefecture
PAC
IFIC
OC
EAN
Epicentre of the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami
Location and history of disaster Ōfunato is situated fairly close to an undersea volcano, and suffers from frequent earthquakes of
various scales. The 1896 Meiji-Sanriku earthquake caused a 25 metre tsunami which killed 27,000 people. The 1933 Sanriku earthquake caused a 28 metre tsunami which killed 1522 people. The 1960 Valdivia earthquake in Chile on 22 May 1960. The 2011 Ōfunato earthquake caused a 23.6 metre tsunami which heavily damaged Tōhoku.
1 OUTLINE OF OFUNATO SITUATION
Characteristic of the location
• Climate • Topography • Geography
1 OUTLINE OF OFUNATO SITUATION
Location and history of disaster
Funnelled in by a narrow bay, the tsunami continued inland for 3 kilometres.
The town's theatre and schools are one of very few buildings left standing and give shelter to the tsunami survivors.
Ofunato Population
40,737
Human & Building Damages (as of July 25th 2011)
Dead Missing Injured Total % of population
330 122 452 unknown 1.1
Houses before
disaster
Houses destroyed
Designated evacuation sites before
disaster
Evacuation sites
inundated
15,138 58 min. 6 3,498
Damage and needs
No. People who still
evacuated
1370 1 mil. €
Resource Damage
Ofunato suffered human damages, lifeline damages, capital damages as well as damage to homes, manufacturing, agricultural, and forestry facilities, public works, etc.
1 OUTLINE OF OFUNATO SITUATION
Damage and needs
QUICK SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTS
1.6% of the population under 19
55.0 % of the population over 50
32.6% unemployed
25.6% Office workers
10.5% Family business
8.2% Fishery
39.8% Move to higher ground
18.0% Move to higher ground
13.3% Construct same location
89.1% Home owners
5.8 % Apartment tenants
24.7% 2 person household
17.5% 3 person household
15.8% 6 person % above household
1 OUTLINE OF OFUNATO SITUATION
Ofunato
Selection of sites for temporary housing
HARBOUR
OFUNATO HOSPITAL
OFUNATO TRAIN STATION
SITE 1
SITE 2
SITE 3
HIGHWAY
HIGHWAY
WORKING SPACES
WORKING SPACES
WORKING SPACES
CITY OFFICE
WORKING SPACES
SHOPPING
SHOPPING
SHOPPING
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
HIGH SCHOOL
HEALTH CENTRE
HEALTH CENTRE
COMMUNITY CENTRE
MAIN SITE SELECTION
CRITERIA
PROXIMITY INCLUSION
TERRAIN CONNECTIVITY
LAND ISSUES
2 STRUCTURE OF PROJECT
COUNTERPART ① ❷
③ ❹
• Municipality • Private Contractors • Beneficiaries • CBO s
UNIT COSTS NUMBER OF SUPPLY
DURATION OF SUPPLY
Temporary 2 years in accordance
with local regulations. Option for incremental upgrading to a permanent structure.
150 flexible housing modules: •Co-housing •Single House •Family House •Commercial and community facilities
300 people benefited.
Each module around 40,000 euro The total project costs is
approx. 6 mil. euro including public
spaces, and infrastructure.
If possible an option for acquiring ownership of the
housing units after the end of the recovery phase will be given to the
beneficiaries.
MASTER PLAN OF SITE PROPOSAL
3 SITE PLANS
3 SITE PLANS
MASTER PLAN OF SITE PROPOSAL
3 SITE PLANS
SITE SECTION
3 SITE PLANS
ventilation
4 HOUSING CONCEPT
HOUSING CONCEPT & STRUCTURE
Permanent
Imported trailers •Re-locatable •transform and upgradable •Reuse and recyclable
Temporary PERMANENT
4 HOUSING CONCEPT
Incremental
Temporary Permanent
Steel stru. wood glass Hard Board prefab materials
4 HOUSING CONCEPT
One module 2 person Two module 1 family (4 or more people)
Bed Room Living Room
Kitchen Services
Vestibule
Bed Room Living Room
Kitchen Services
Vestibule
4 HOUSING CONCEPT
4 HOUSING CONCEPT
4 HOUSING CONCEPT
5 RESIDENT SELECTION AND MAINTANCE
SELECTION SCHEME
TENANTS MIX No. of units reserved for people with special needs
50%
CRITERIA
PROCESS
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE Existing communities structure will be moved together
PRIORITY People with special needs will be served first
① ❷ ③ ❹
①❷④③❸❹
REGISTRATION WITH THE MUNICIPALITY Obligation to fill in needs assessment questionary
EVALUATION OF THE NEEDS ASSESSMENT QUESTIONARY BY THE MUNICIPALITY
Based on its evaluation of the questionnaire, the Recovery Board elaborates a priority list in accordance to the pre-selected criteria.
Allocation of the new housing units to the beneficiaries in accordance to the pre-selected.
5 RESIDENT SELECTION AND MAINTANANCE
MAINTANANCE
PARTICIPATION ① ❷
③ ❹
The beneficiaries are included in the construction process of the temporary housing units in the earliest construction phases as possible.
OWNERSHIP ACCOUNTABILITY
TRAINING/JOB CREATION During the construction phase technical assistance will be given by experts contracted by the NGO.
During the construction phase a community architect and maintenance committee will be selected by the community. The committee will be accountable and responsible for the maintenance of the new housing units and public facilities. The responsibility for the maintenance of the public infrastructure is with the municipality.
If possible a option for acquiring ownership of the housing units after the end of the recovery phase will be given to the beneficiaries.
Simultaneously workshops will be organized by the NGO experts to train the beneficiaries in construction and maintenance
After training the beneficiaries will be employed and paid by the NGO for their labor input.
6 PRODUCT CYCLE
LOGISTICS AND PRODUCT CYCLE
MATERIAL ① ❷ The selection of the construction material follows the criteria of sustainability. Local materials will be given priority.
DELIVERY & DISPOSAL Materials from the region will be given priority and will be delivered via the existing road infrastructure. Externally assembled structures will be shipped to the city via the sea way. Structure of the housing units will be disassembable & moveable. The units can go back in the recovery stock or be reused in another location of emergency (either via the sea way or road network). The housing units can be incrementally upgraded to a permanent structure. A option of ownership will be given to the beneficiaries reducing the need for disposal and recycling.
7 AFTER THE END OF CONTRACT
- Land tenure issues negotiated and consulted by municipality, if remained in this site, community members
are able to decide for the ways of ownership, for instance, - receive the ownership in case of upgrading the house to permanent, a microfinance scheme can be presented to assist the community financially - receive the ownership of an upgraded house by mortgage payments or a microfinance scheme
- Trailers that are upgraded and transformed to permanent housing remain and the ones that are not, are
exported for further uses.
- Community members are responsible for the maintenance of houses, that also fosters community spirit. The
sense of ownership also guaranties the good maintenance.
After the end of contract