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The Atlantic forest geosensor network pilot study. Part 2: data analysis and prospects
Name Humberto RochaTitle Professor, Department of Atmospheric Sciences (IAG)InstitutionUniversidade de São Paulo (USP)
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1. Experimental site in the Atlantic Forest
2. Spatial and temporal patterns of measured temperature
3. Prospects to investigate the Amazonian environment
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TEAM
1. Universidade de São Paulo Helber Freitas, Nilson Neres, Jonatan Tatsch (Laboratorio de Clima e Biosfera)
2. MSR Juliana Salles, Rob Fatland
3. INPE Carlos Nobre, Marcio Santana, Patricia Santana, Rogerio Carneiro, Celso von Randow
4. JHU Doug Carlson and Andreas Terzis
5. Unicamp and Cena/Usp Carlos Joly, Luiz Martinelli
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Laboratório de Clima e Biosfera, IAG/Usp – technicians and students
• 5 PhD students• Jonatan Tatsch • Jonathan Motta• Monica Queiroz• Helber Freitas• Rogerio Carneiro
• 3 MSc students• Bruno Paraluppi• Giampiero Bini• Cinthia Avellar
•• 1 Post Doc• Ana Elizabethe da Silva)
Helber Freitas
Meteorologist, MSc
Eduardo GomesElectronics technician
Emilia BrasilioMeteorologist
Carlos FagioloMeteorologist
Gabriel CostaMeteorologist, MSc
Nilson Neres, Engineer
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Laboratório de Clima e Biosfera, IAG/Usp
1. Observações de campo
Sítios experimentais com torres de fluxo e vertedor hidrológico
2. Modelagem biosfera-atmosfera-hidrosfera
modelo atmosférico BRAMS
modelo hidrológico (modelo DHBM com SiB2; modelo SWAT)
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Sítio Experimental: Ribeirão Casa de Pedra WatershedParque Estadual da Serra do Mar (23o 19' 42.5'' S; 45o 05' 35.2 '' W)
~ 2,5 km2
60m flux tower with meteorological instrumentation
flux tower
Temático FAPESP 03/09289-9. Coordenação: Humberto Rocha (Usp)
Temático FAPESP 2003/12595-7 Biota Gradiente Funcional: Coordenador: Carlos Joly (Unicamp).
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Flux tower monitoring
Umidade do solo
Efluxo CO2 do solo
topo
base
Controle
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Previous data of flux tower
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Geosensor network in the Atlantic forest
Main flux tower
N
S
Network in the Atlantic Forest, wich includes five 25m towers linked by Kevlar cables. The network was placed east of the main tower, along an altitudinal transect of ~60m height. (Pilot Experiment)
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Geosensor network in the Atlantic forest : experimental design
Ground tier sensors 20 m height
01
03
04
02
05
06
07
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09
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1617
18
approximated scale 50m
20
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40
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50
21
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Tower 1
Tower 2
Tower 3 Tower 4
Tower 5
Tower 6
Vertical profile sensors
Upper tier sensors
x
x
x
x
connection
cables
x
Total 52 motes =
156 thermometers
52 hygrometers
Upper tier design with 18 nodes
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Spatial variability at 25 m height
Sampling area : ~ 80 m x 120 m18 nodesEach node with 1 or 2 motes
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Spatial variability at 25 m height
Period of measurements: 16Nov-18Dec 2009
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Vertical variation of the temperature
19Nov 20Nov 21Novsunny partly cloudy overcast
Hei
ght
fro
m
grou
nd s
urfa
ce (
m)
0
20
40
60
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Visualization of spatial variability at 25 m heightNode Location Nome X (m) Y (m)
6 Tower 3-4 T341 14 105,57/60 Tower 2-3 T232 15,5 63,5
8 Tower 1-5 T151 79 279 Tower 3-6 T361 22 72
13 Tower 1-2 T121 58 027/30 Tower 4 T441 23,5 114,529/50 Tower 2 T221 36 040/41 Tower 3 T331 5 96,542/69 Tower 5 T551 77,5 5244/47 Tower 1 T111 80 0
46 Tower 6 T661 38 4751/52 Tower 1-6 T161 58,5 2456/58 Tower 4-5 T451 41,5 93,557/63 Tower 4-5 T452 59,5 7359/61 Tower 2-3 T231 25,5 3362/66 Tower 4-6 T461 31 80,5
64 Tower 5-6 T561 58 49,565 Tower 2-6 T261 37 24
Maximum daily temperature
Minimum temperature
Deviation from minimum temperature
Node temperature value assigned: median of all thermometers each node
Visualization: deviation from minimum temperature
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1. Experimental site in the Atlantic Forest
2. Spatial and temporal patterns of measured temperature
3. Prospects to investigate the Amazonian environment
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Thematic Projet FAPESP Carbon Tracker and Water availability: controls of land use and climate changes (2009-2014). Coordination USP
- Will survey Amazon basin with aircraft, satellite, flux tower and use numerical inversion computer modelling to estimate regional Carbon balance
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Laboratório de Clima e Biosfera – sítios experimentais em florestas tropicais
Fluxnet (global network)
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Conclusions1) Outstanding capacity of cooperation and expertise in only 1 year work (May
2009-April 2010) with five institutions
• Preliminary analysis showed physically sounding data• Detection of improvements (e.g. humidity measurement, sensor accuracy)
2) Foreseeing to monitor AmazoniaWild environment with largest worldwide tropical forest, 20% world freshwater and an enormous biodiversity
Supportive on going projects:Fapesp-MSR 2009-2011 : sensor and software development (von Randow/Inpe +
Usp)LBA/Fapesp Carbon Tracker 2009 – 2014 : regional multi-disciplinary data
Next steps: to adress which relevant questions to answer, partnerships, and how technology can help science and environment