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The Atlantic Slave Trade The Atlantic Slave Trade
Chapter 16.4Chapter 16.4
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Main IdeaMain Idea
• Between the 1500’s and the 1800’s millions of Africans were captured, shipped across the Atlantic Ocean, and sold as slaves in the Americas.
• Between the 1500’s and the 1800’s millions of Africans were captured, shipped across the Atlantic Ocean, and sold as slaves in the Americas.
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Origins of the Slave TradeOrigins of the Slave Trade
• The Atlantic Slave Trade–Causes
•A shortage of labor in the Americas–Disease had killed millions of Native
Americans–Indentured Servants were expensive
• The Atlantic Slave Trade–Causes
•A shortage of labor in the Americas–Disease had killed millions of Native
Americans–Indentured Servants were expensive
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Origins of the Slave TradeOrigins of the Slave Trade
• The Atlantic Slave Trade– Millions of Africans
taken to the Americas– Most came from West
Africa– Some slaves supplied
by African rulers– Others were
kidnapped by European traders
• The Atlantic Slave Trade– Millions of Africans
taken to the Americas– Most came from West
Africa– Some slaves supplied
by African rulers– Others were
kidnapped by European traders
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Origins of the Slave TradeOrigins of the Slave Trade
• The Atlantic Slave Trade– Triangular Trade– Middle Passage
• 2nd leg of Triangular Trade route
• Brought Africans to the Americas to be sold as slaves.
• The Atlantic Slave Trade– Triangular Trade– Middle Passage
• 2nd leg of Triangular Trade route
• Brought Africans to the Americas to be sold as slaves.
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Origins of the Slave TradeOrigins of the Slave Trade
• The Middle Passage– Captive Africans
chained in the dark– Cramped quarters– Could not sit or
stand– Lasted 3 to 6 weeks– 10-20% died
• The Middle Passage– Captive Africans
chained in the dark– Cramped quarters– Could not sit or
stand– Lasted 3 to 6 weeks– 10-20% died QuickTime™ and a
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Slavery in the ColoniesSlavery in the Colonies
• Slave Traders– Spanish traders took
slave to Caribbean sugar plantations
– Portuguese traders brought millions to Brazil.
– English took captives to West Indies and colonies in North America.
• Dominated the slave trade by the end of the 1600’s
• Slave Traders– Spanish traders took
slave to Caribbean sugar plantations
– Portuguese traders brought millions to Brazil.
– English took captives to West Indies and colonies in North America.
• Dominated the slave trade by the end of the 1600’s
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Daily "dancing" was enforced on many slave ships as a form of exercise. People were made to hop in place in their shackles and exercise by swinging their arms. The crew walked among them with whips or cat-o'-nine-tails to compel the forced recreation.
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Slavery in the ColoniesSlavery in the Colonies
• Living Conditions– Most enslaved
Africans worked on plantations
– Some worked in mines, towns, and in the countryside.
– Some were carpenters, metal workers, or coopers
– Women were sometimes domestic workers.
• Living Conditions– Most enslaved
Africans worked on plantations
– Some worked in mines, towns, and in the countryside.
– Some were carpenters, metal workers, or coopers
– Women were sometimes domestic workers.
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Slavery in the ColoniesSlavery in the Colonies
• Living Conditions– Owners and
overseers gave physical and humiliating punishments.
– Owners lived in fear of slave rebellions.
• Living Conditions– Owners and
overseers gave physical and humiliating punishments.
– Owners lived in fear of slave rebellions.
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Slavery in the ColoniesSlavery in the Colonies
• Resistance– Laws in Americas saw
enslaved Africans to be property.
– Slaves had no rights or freedoms.
– They endured brutal treatment and abuse
– Kept their traditions alive.
– Others turned to religion.
• Resistance– Laws in Americas saw
enslaved Africans to be property.
– Slaves had no rights or freedoms.
– They endured brutal treatment and abuse
– Kept their traditions alive.
– Others turned to religion.
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Effects of the Slave TradeEffects of the Slave Trade
• Slave trade lasted 400 years.
• Devastated societies in West Africa
• 15 to 20 million enslaved Africans forced to Americas
• Millions more sent to Europe, Asia, and the Middle East
• Slave trade lasted 400 years.
• Devastated societies in West Africa
• 15 to 20 million enslaved Africans forced to Americas
• Millions more sent to Europe, Asia, and the Middle East
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Effects of the Slave TradeEffects of the Slave Trade
• Human cost enormous– Countless died marching
from interior or crammed on ships
• In Africa– Strongest young people
captured.• Africa’s future
– Africans turned on each other to gain captives
• Africans spread throughout the world– African DiasporaAfrican Diaspora– Diffusion of African culture
• Human cost enormous– Countless died marching
from interior or crammed on ships
• In Africa– Strongest young people
captured.• Africa’s future
– Africans turned on each other to gain captives
• Africans spread throughout the world– African DiasporaAfrican Diaspora– Diffusion of African culture
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