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The Basics of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories
Mary SotosWorld Resources InstituteVEPGA Annual MeetingApril 23, 2010
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Why GHG Inventories?
- Climate impact
- Demonstrate leadership
- Gain expertise for policy-making
- Prepare for the future
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Why WRI?
- Internationally-accepted standards
- Mission is to provide standards, tools, resources
- Partnerships with other programs
- New Public Sector Protocol
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Definition
• Quantified amount of gases released as part of your operations as an organization for a specific time period– Six Kyoto gases: CO2, CH4, N2O, PFC, HFC, SF6– Direct and Indirect
• Largely extension of energy use– Define your entity– Categorize emissions
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Collect Data
Calculate emissions
Develop
Assign resources
Design GHG inventory
Plan
Set Target
Reduce Emissions Manage
Report Results
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Organizational InventoriesCompany/ Agency/Department
Geographic Inventories Nation/ State/County/City
-Top-Down
- Broad policies
- Aligns with point-source
regulation
- Bottom-up
- Apply “consolidation
approach”
- Indirect emissions
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Financial Control
- Balance sheet?- Set financial policies?
Operational Control
- Operating license?- Set operating policies?
Organizational Boundaries
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Categorize emissions
• DIRECT– Scope 1:
• Fuel combustion, process emissions, fugitive emissions (HVAC)
• INDIRECT– Scope 2:
• Purchased electricity, heat/steam/cooling
– Scope 3:• All other indirect emissions upstream/
downstream
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Data Sources
• Scope 1:• Fuel records, purchase invoices, vehicle mileage
• Scope 2: • Utility bills
• Scope 3:• Employee commuting & business travel miles• Industry association information• Procurement
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User supplied data GHG emissions (tonnes)
Source ID Sector
Fuel type (e.g., solid fossil) Fuel
Amount of fuel
Units (e.g., kg or kWh)
Heating value basis CO2 CH4 N2O
All GHGs (tonnes CO2e)
-Cross-Sector and Sector-Specific
-Emission factors by country or region (or user-supplied)
- Free to download
WRI’s Calculation Tools
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EPA Climate Leaders
GuidanceCCAR
Reporting Protocol
WBCSD/WRI GHG Protocol
The Climate Registry Protocol
Public Sector Standard
ISO 14064 Standards
Other Programs
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Collect Data
Calculate emissions
Develop
Assign resources
Design GHG inventory
Plan
Set Target
Reduce Emissions Manage
Report Results
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Resources and Contacts
• Corporate Standard and Public Sector Protocol
• http://www.ghgprotocol.org/psp
• Calculation Tools
• http://www.ghgprotocol.org/calculation-tools/all-tools
• Mary Sotos, [email protected]
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What Gets Measured Gets Managed