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The Bill of Rights
Amendments 1-10
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Amendment (n.) – a change or addition to the Constitution
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Bill of Rights
Before the anti-federalists would ratify the Constitution, they insisted that it be amended to include a list of basic fundamental liberties for all American citizens. So in 1791 a group of men led by James Madison created the first 10 amendments, called the Bill of Rights.
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1st Amendment
The 1st amendment has 5 parts and protects the 5 basic liberties of all American citizens
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Freedom of Religion
This freedom protects a person’s right to worship any religion he or she chooses (within limits)
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Freedom of Speech
This freedom protects a person’s right to speak either for or against anything in society(within limits)
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Freedom of the Press
This freedom protects a person’s right to write and publish anything (within limits)
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Freedom of Assembly
This freedom protects a person’s right to peacefully gather and protest for a cause or a change (within limits)
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Freedom of Petition
This freedom allows a person to write a petition, have others who agree sign it, and have the signed petition voted upon by the general population
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2nd Amendment
The right to bear arms (own a gun)
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3rd Amendment
In peace time, citizens do not have to allow soldiers to live in their homes
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4th Amendment
Search or seizure of property without a warrant or probable cause is illegal
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5th Amendment
No person can be arrested unless charged with a crime
No person can be tried twice for the same crime
All are entitled to due process of law
People have the right to remain silent
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5th Amendment cont.
The military will have their own trials
Eminent Domain-If the government ever needs to "take" your property for a public use it must pay you a reasonable amount for the property
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6th Amendment The right to a fair
and speedy trial: Told the charges
against themselves Impartial jury Trial held in district of
crime The right to an
attorney Confront witnesses
against themselves Subpoena witnesses
for themselves
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7th Amendment
The right to a trial by a jury of ones peers
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8th Amendment
Bail and/or punishment cannot be cruel or unusual
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9th Amendment
Every citizen has rights that are not listed in the Constitution
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10th Amendment
Each state can create its own laws as long as they don’t go against the Constitution(States Rights)
This keeps the state
and federal government’s powers balanced