Download - The Book of all Books
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The Book of all BooksThe Book of all Books
Dr. Azila (Tzili) Talit ReisenbergerHead of Hebrew
University of Cape Town
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Order of lectures
1. The Canon2. What’s in the Name3. The Book as ‘Record/Reflection of life’ 4. History vs. story5. The Word (Language, bias, code… etc)
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The Name of The Book
• Bible – Bibliotheca (bibliothèque) – library• Hebrew Bible (in French? German?)• Old Testament (passé?)• TaNaK (Torah/ Nevi’im/Ketuvim)
The Bible
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Size of ‘The TaNaK/Bible’
304,901 Hebrew words
23,145 verses
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Division into books and chapters
• The ‘Canon’ includes 39 books (orthodox Jews count it as 24, as they count some books together)
• Some books never made it to the ‘Canon’ (redactor’s choice or Apocrypha)
• Division into chapters by a monk in the 16th century.
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Time frame
• From creation of the world? Primordial
Or: the Forefathers and Foremothers• From about 2000 BCE• To about 333 BCE
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What is primordial History
Genesis chapters 1-11
raison d’être of this section
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Time-line
Abraham, Isaac, Jacob Egypt Moses (Exodus)
I I2000 BCE 400 Years 1500 BCE
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Time-line
Joshua (Conquest) Judges (Saul) David
I I+1400 BCE 400 Years 1000 BCE
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Time-line
Solomon (Temple) Split into North and South Kingdom
I I965 BCE +40 Years 928 BCE
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Time-lineNorthern Kingdom Southern Kingdom Samaria Jerusalem10 tribes Judah (+Simon, Levi)Variety of dynasties House of DavidAssyria Babylon
I I
721 BCE 586 BCE
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Interesting fact:
How many Tribes of Israel?
Answer: 1310 - Northern Kingdom; 3 – Judaea
But Jacob had 12 sons? For Joseph (1) we have 2 tribes:
Ephraim and MenasheWhy: idiom “12 Tribes of Israel”?
as Simeon was swallowed into Judah
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Time-line
Fate of the HebrewsNorthern Kingdom disappeared (Samaritans?)
Judaea was exiled to Babylon; then falls into Persian hands;
In 538 BCE Cyrus permits them to return to the Holy Land and build 2nd Temple.
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End of the Bible
So, time frame of the biblical history:
I I_2000 BCE 333 BCE
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Where do we find all this information?
T N KT orahN evi’imK etuvim
T N KT orahN evi’imK etuvim
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The Torah
is the first section,
is the holiest section
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Torah
Abraham, Isaac, Jacob GenesisSlavery in Egypt beginning of ExodusMoses’ laws and historyfrom Exodus to death 5 books of Moses
Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy
2000 BCE 1500 BCE
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Nevi’im (means: Prophets)
2 sections in the ‘Prophets’:
1.First section (Early Prophets) which is history2.Second section (Later Prophets) which is ‘prophecy’
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Early Prophets
The History
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Into the Holy Land and out to Exile
• The conquest Joshua• The rulers Judges• Beginning of Kingship
Saul and David Samuel 1-2• Solomon and the
split of kingdoms Kings 1-2• Exiles end of Kings 2
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Later Prophets
• Isaiah• Jeremiah• Ezekiel
• 12 Minor: Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zachariah, Malachi
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Ketuvin
Wisdom and historiography:• Psalms• Proverbs• Job• 5 “megilot” (scrolls): Song of Songs, Ruth, Lamentations, Ecclesiastes, Esther• Daniel• Ezra and Nehemiah• Chronicles 1-2
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Why should I bore you with the geography of the Bible?
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5 (Megilot) scrolls
• Song of Songs• Ruth• Lamentations• Ecclesiastes• Esther
Jewish Order rather than logical order
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so now, when we know what is the Bible,
In the course we will get “closer”…
We start tomorrow with the power of words and names:
from names of books, people places… etc
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Thank you.
I would like to thank Jutta Schoof for editing these notes