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The Business of
Food Waste Dr Tom Dugmore
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Waste Hierarchy
£80/ €100 per tonne
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Breakfast
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Spent Coffee Grounds
0.91 g wasted grounds per g of coffee
produced
32,000 tonnes coffee consumed per year
29,000 tonnes spent coffee grounds per
year
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Coffee as a commodity
2nd most traded commodity after
petroleum
8 million tonnes produced in 2011
0
1,000,000
2,000,000
3,000,000
4,000,000
5,000,000
6,000,000
7,000,000
8,000,000
9,000,000
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
Wo
rld
wid
e P
rod
uc
tio
n (
Ton
ne
s)
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Oil Contents Source Oil Yield
Spent Coffee Grounds 18.3%
Rapeseed and Palm 40%
Olives 10 – 30 %
Sunflower 22 – 36%
Soybean 20%
Cotton 20%
Corn 2.8%
Jatropha 25 – 40%
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Oil Usage
Cooking
Some oils inedible
Biodiesel
Food vs fuel debate
Soap and Cosmetics
Concerns over sustainability
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Coffee oils for biodiesel and
cosmetics
Biodiesel
Meet all EN and ASTM criteria
More pleasing odour than used cooking oil
Cosmetics
Similar fatty acid profile to palm oil
More sustainable
Source locally rather than import
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Residual Grounds
Composting
Extracting oils reduces acidity and
concentrates other nutrients
Biomass burning
Fermentation
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Commercial Value
~52p / L (before tax, delivery etc)
132.9 – 153.0 p / L (pump price)
136.0p 25/03/2014
£9.50 / m3 (WRAP)
Average 60 – 70 p / 100g
Range 12.5p - £1.50 / 100g
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Spent Coffee Grounds
In 2013 –
29,000 Tonnes SCG produced
£73 per tonne landfill tax
Cost of £2,117,826
5,000 Tonnes of oil for further use
Potential pre-duty price of £2.6 million
Potential pump price of £6.8 million
Over £2 million potential tax revenue
generated
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Spent Coffee Grounds
www. Inhabitat.com www.scafefabrics.com
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Coffee Biorefinery
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OPEC
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting
Countries
Orange Peel Exploitation Company
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OPEC
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Pectin
20 – 30% of orange peel
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D-Limonene Main component of essential oils
Natural fragrances
Strong apolar solvent Replacement for, e.g. benzene, hexane
Cleaning Products
Anti-bacterial and anti-microbial properties
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D-Limonene
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OPEC project
Developed in-house methods to extract
pectin and d-limonene
Microwave Technology
No harsh acids or solvents
Industrial investment agreed to develop
pilot-scale equipment
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What can York do for you?
Food Waste Producers
Find alternative uses for waste and
unwanted by-products
Reduces landfill and other disposal costs
Potentially turn an unwanted waste stream
into a new source of revenue
Network with companies that can make it
happen for you
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What can York do for you?
Manufacturers
Help source new raw materials for your
processes
Cheaper, safer, more secure
Safeguard supply chain
Address sustainability issues
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What can York do for you?
Processors
Reduce/recover energy costs
Increase customer base
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What can York do for you?
Industrial Engagement Facility
Meeting and seminar rooms for networking
Desk and lab space for visiting staff
Facilities to aid company start up
Access to additional funding and grants
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Acknowledgements
Aleksandra Borisova
Sophie Mason
Lucie Pfaltzgraff
Prof James Clark
Dr Avtar Matharu
Dr Jeff Eaves
Jo Parkes
SCY
ERDF (DCLG)