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The changing humanitarian landscapeDr Sara PantulianoDirector– Humanitarian Policy Group, Overseas Development Institute
Beijing, October 2015
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CHANGING LANDSCAPE
• Rising involvement of 'newly acknowledged actors'
• Looking historically, we are seeing a change in perceptions, not actions
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CRISIS OF LEGITIMACYChanges do not address root causes of challenges facing
system
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RISING GLOBAL ACTORS: CHINA
• Long history of responding to disasters• Affected by a large number of disasters• Becoming more effective at crisis response
both domestically and internationally
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• Developing own mechanisms and approaches
• 'Drop the monopoly on humanitarian principles'
RISING GLOBAL ACTORS
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REGIONAL ORGANISATIONS
• ROs have become increasingly involved in HA over past few decades
• Dedicated humanitarian departments and capacity established in many.
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• Agreement on Disaster Management and Emergency Response (AADMER) = legally-binding
• Mandate limited to disasters, not conflicts • Myanmar and Typhoon Haiyan
REGIONAL ORGANISATIONS - ASEAN
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• Long history of providing services, goods and cash
• Increasingly innovative, technological and commercial
PRIVATE SECTOR
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Kenya
• Mobile money and cash transfers
• Support to fundraising (K4K)
• DRR-focused micro-credit
Jordan
• WFP e-vouchers w/ banks
• UNHCR optical ATMS
• NGOs promoting local procurement
Indonesia
• Disaster preparedness at the local level
• Free mobile services
• Fundraising support
Haiti
• Tracking of displacement• Free mobile credit to enable
content • Mobile-based needs assessment
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LOCAL and DIASPORA
• Able to access areas international organisations cannot reach
• Face challenges stemming from funding, partnerships and counter-terrorism laws
• Power imbalance between local and international organisations
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• The architecture of the humanitarian system is at a critical juncture.
• Geopolitical changes mandate shift in how aid works