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The Civil War1861 - 1865
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Causes of the Civil War
The tariff on imported goods from Europe helped the North’s economy but hurt the South .
States’ Rights (nullification)
1continued
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Causes of the Civil War
Slavery
Northerners objected it philosophically (the idea of slavery).
Southerners claimed slavery was an economic necessity. (cotton fields)
The Election of 1860 – Lincoln was elected without any Southern electoral votes.1
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Abraham Lincoln
16th President
1861 - 1865
Republican
Illinois
Assassinated
Feb. 1860 2
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December 20, 1860
South Carolina repeals the
Constitution and declares the Union
to be dissolved.
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Secession
The act of withdrawing (seceding) from a country.
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The United States of America
“The Union”“The North”
“The Federals”4
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Union Flags and Uniforms
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The Confederate States of America
“The Confederacy”“The South”“The Rebels”
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Confederate Flags and Uniforms
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Fort Sumter
Federal fortress in South Carolina.
April 12, 1861- first shots of the Civil War were fired when Confederates attacked.
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View of Fort
Sumter from the
sea
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Interior view of
Fort Sumter
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Stacks of ammunition at
Fort Sumter
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April 12, 1861 First shots fired at Fort Sumter
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Northern Advantages
More railroads
More factories
Greater population
More large cities7
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Southern Advantages
Fighting on home soil.
No need to invade the North.
The best generals – trained at military schools in the
South.8
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Important Leaders During the Civil War
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Jefferson Davis
President of the
Confederacy
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Jefferson Davis
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General Robert E.
Lee
Commander in Chief of all
Confederate forces
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"If the Union is dissolved and the government disrupted, I shall return to my native State and share the miseries of my people; and save in defense will draw my sword on none."
Robert E. Lee 1861
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General Ben McCulloch
Texas Infantry
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General Ulysses S. Grant
North
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General Ulysses S. Grant
North
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General Ambrose Burnside
North
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GeneralGeorge
McClellan
North
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General William T. Sherman
North
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Key Battles of the Civil War
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Antietam A creek near Sharpsburg Maryland Sept 17, 1862 Battle lasted from dawn to dusk 23,000 casualties No decisive victory for either side Lee escapes back into Virginia Lincoln relieves McClellan of his command War continues for 2 more years
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Antietam
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The Bridge over Antietam Creek
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The Dead of Antietam
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The Dead of Antietam
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The Dead of Antietam
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The Dead of Antietam
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Lincoln & McClellan at
Antietam
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Antietam National Battlefield today
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Battle of Gettysburg
July 1863
3 day battle in Pennsylvania
28,000 Confederate casualties
Ended Southern hopes of winning the war 12
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Gettysburg
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Devil’s Den - Gettysburg
Confederate Dead
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Culp’s Hill - Gettysburg
Gunshot damage
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Gettysburg Address
Speech delivered by Lincoln Ceremony to dedicate the battlefield
as a cemetery for the Union dead Lasted only 2 minutes
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Lincoln at the dedication of
the Gettysburg Cemetery
Nov. 1863
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2nd draft of Lincoln’s
Gettysburg Address
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Gettysburg Address
“Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in Liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. . . .
continued13
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Gettysburg Address
. . . we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain—that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”
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Appomattox Court House
Village in Virginia General Lee surrendered
to General Grant Ends the war April 9, 1865
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Lee Surrenders to Grant - 1867 painting
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Farmhouse where surrender takes place
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President Lincoln
April 10, 1865
4 days before he was
assassinated
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April 14, 1865Lincoln shot at the
Ford Theater
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Flag flown at half staff over the Capitol
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Lincoln’s funeral procession down
Pennsylvania Ave. in Washington D.C.
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Lincoln’s funeral procession through Columbus, Ohio on
the way home to Illinois
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Lincoln’s funeral procession
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Lincoln’s body lies in state for viewing
by mourners
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Five tragic years on the face of the President.
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That’s all folks.