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THE CRIMINAL COURT SYSTEM
The Participants
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BURDEN OF PROOF
2 Fundamental Principles:• Accused is innocent until proven
guilty.
• Guilt must be proved beyond reason doubt.
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THE JUDGE
Controls admission of evidence
Controls the trial
Instructs jury
Sentences the convicted person
“Trier of law”
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JUSTICE OF THE PEACE
Has less authority than a judge.
Can issue arrest warrants, search
warrants, bail hearings.
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THE ACCUSED
The person charged with committing
a criminal offence.
Often called the defendant
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COUNSEL
Duty Counsel – lawyer on duty in police station or
courtroom who gives free advice to the person just
arrested.
Defence Counsel – the lawyer who represents the
accused on trial. Public defender will help those
who cannot afford a lawyer.
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THE PROSECUTION
Crown Attorney (Prosecutor) – the
lawyer who represents the government
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WHO ELSE MIGHT BE AT THE TRIAL?
Court Clerk – Assists the judge
Court Reporter – types everything said in the court
Transcript – typed record of every said in the court
Court Security officer – maintains security in the
court
Sheriff – manages the jury
Bailiff – assist the sheriff
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THE WITNESSES
Witnesses give evidence under oath.
Subpoenas are court documents requiring the witness
to appear in court on a certain date. (in Pineapple
Express, Seth Rogen delivered subpoenas as a job)
Perjury – knowingly making false statements in court
while under oath. • Perjury is serious – so serious it could put you in
jail for 14 years.
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THE JURY
A jury is a group of 12 men or women
chosen by the crown and the defense
counsel. They will decide, beyond a
reasonable doubt, whether or not the
accused is guilty. Their decision must be
unanimous.