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THE FEDERAL YEAR: OUR CHANGING
PRACTICE
Priya Sinha CloutierCloutier Global@[email protected]
©2016 Cloutier Global
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Cloutier Global is a full service technology
law firm located in the heart of Seattle.
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Cloutier Global is a full service technology
law firm focusing located in the heart of
Seattle.
• Start-ups
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Cloutier Global is a full service technology
law firm focusing on start-up and emerging
companies located in the heart of the new
Silicon Valley.
• Start-ups
• Emerging Companies
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Cloutier Global is a full service technology
law firm in the heart of Seattle.
• Start-ups
• Emerging Companies
• Companies having revenues less
than $50M.
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Living Next Door to Alice: Patentable Subject
Matter
(https://youtu.be/gudDmgr1H3o)
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Enfish, LLC v. Microsoft Corp.
(Fed. Cir., May 12, 2016)
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Enfish, LLC v. Microsoft Corp.
2016 WL 2756266 (Fed. Cir. May 12, 2016)
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Enfish, LLC v. Microsoft Corp.
2016 WL 2756266 (Fed. Cir. May 12, 2016)
United States District Court for the Central District of California
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Enfish, LLC v. Microsoft Corp.
2016 WL 2756266 (Fed. Cir. May 12, 2016)
• United States District Court for the Central District of California
• Court finds “the concept of organizing information using tabular
formats” is abstract. More broadly, Court finds claims are directed to
“storing, organizing, and retrieving memory in a logical table”.
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Enfish, LLC v. Microsoft Corp.
2016 WL 2756266 (Fed. Cir. May 12, 2016)
• United States District Court for the Central District of California
• Court finds “the concept of organizing information using tabular
formats” is abstract.
• Federal Circuit reverses using two-step analysis of Alice but never
reaches the second step.
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Enfish, LLC v. Microsoft Corp.
2016 WL 2756266 (Fed. Cir. May 12, 2016)
Federal Circuit criticizes District Court.
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Enfish, LLC v. Microsoft Corp.
2016 WL 2756266 (Fed. Cir. May 12, 2016)
• Federal Circuit criticizes District Court.
• “…describing the claims at such a high level of abstraction and
untethered from the language of the claims all but ensures that the
exceptions to §101 swallow the rule.”
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Enfish, LLC v. Microsoft Corp.
2016 WL 2756266 (Fed. Cir. May 12, 2016)
• Federal Circuit criticizes District Court.
• “…describing the claims at such a high level of abstraction and
untethered from the language of the claims all but ensures that the
exceptions to §101 swallow the rule.”
• “…claims are not directed to any form of storing tabular data, but
instead are specifically directed to a self-referential table for a
computer database.”
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Enfish, LLC v. Microsoft Corp.
2016 WL 2756266 (Fed. Cir. May 12, 2016)
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Genetic Technologies Limited v. Merial L.L.C, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
(Fed. Cir. , April 18, 2016)
United States District Court for the District of Delaware
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Genetic Technologies Limited v. Merial L.L.C, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
(Fed. Cir. , April 18, 2016)
• United States District Court for the District of Delaware.
• District Court found unpatentable under 35 USC §101.
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Genetic Technologies Limited v. Merial L.L.C, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
(Fed. Cir. , April 18, 2016)
• United States District Court for the District of Delaware.
• District Court found unpatentable under 35 USC §101.
• Federal Circuit Agrees.
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Genetic Technologies Limited v. Merial L.L.C, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
(Fed. Cir. , April 18, 2016)
• Claims directed to methods of analyzing sequences of genomic
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
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Genetic Technologies Limited v. Merial L.L.C, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
(Fed. Cir. , April 18, 2016)
• Claims directed to methods of analyzing sequences of genomic
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
• Coding and non-coding regions in genes are inherited together and
linked together more than probability would dictate.
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Genetic Technologies Limited v. Merial L.L.C, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
(Fed. Cir. , April 18, 2016)
• Claims directed to methods of analyzing sequences of genomic
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
• Coding and non-coding regions in genes are inherited together and
linked together more than probability would dictate.
• Inventor used well-established lab methods to amplify and analyze
non-coding regions known to be linked to coding regions.
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Genetic Technologies Limited v. Merial L.L.C, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
(Fed. Cir. , April 18, 2016)
“Patent claims focus on a newly discovered fact about human biology
(the linkage of coding and non-coding regions of DNA), involves no
creation or alteration of DNA sequences, and does not purport to
identify a novel detection technique.”
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Genetic Technologies Limited v. Merial L.L.C, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
(Fed. Cir. , April 18, 2016)
• “Patent claims focus on a newly discovered fact about human
biology (the linkage of coding and non-coding regions of DNA),
involves no creation or alteration of DNA sequences, and does not
purport to identify a novel detection technique.”
• LAW OF NATURE
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In Re Smith
(Fed. Cir., March 2016)
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In Re Smith
(Fed. Cir., March 2016)
Appeal from a decision by the PTAB.
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In Re Smith
(Fed. Cir., March 2016)
• Appeal from a decision by the PTAB.
• Examiner rejected claims as being patent ineligible under §101
arguing that the claims represented “an attempt to claim a new set of
rules for playing a card game [which] qualifies as an abstract idea.”
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In Re Smith
(Fed. Cir., March 2016)
• Appeal from a decision by the PTAB.
• Examiner rejected claims as being patent ineligible under §101
arguing that the claims represented “an attempt to claim a new set of
rules for playing a card game [which] qualifies as an abstract idea.”
• PTAB reasoned that a “wagering game is, effectively, a method of
exchanging and resolving financial obligations based on probabilities
created during the distribution of cards.”
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In Re Smith
(Fed. Cir., March 2016)
• Appeal from a decision by the PTAB.
• Examiner rejected claims as being patent ineligible under §101
arguing that the claims represented “an attempt to claim a new set of
rules for playing a card game [which] qualifies as an abstract idea.”
• PTAB reasoned that a “wagering game is, effectively, a method of
exchanging and resolving financial obligations based on probabilities
created during the distribution of cards.”
• Fed Cir also finds ineligible subject matter applying the Alice/Mayo
Test reasoning that the claims “require shuffling and dealing physical
playing cards.”
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In Re Smith
(Fed. Cir., March 2016)
“That is not to say that all inventions in the gaming arts would be
foreclosed from patent protection under § 101. We could envisage, for
example, claims directed to conducting a game using new or original
deck of cards potentially surviving step two of Alice. The Government
acknowledged as much during oral argument.”
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UltimatePointer, L.L.C v. Nintendo Co. Ltd
(Fed. Cir., March 2016)
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UltimatePointer, L.L.C v. Nintendo Co. Ltd
(Fed. Cir., March 2016)
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UltimatePointer, L.L.C v. Nintendo Co. Ltd
(Fed. Cir., March 2016)
Appeal from the Western District of Washington
Fed. Crt. Affirms
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UltimatePointer, L.L.C v. Nintendo Co. Ltd
(Fed. Cir., March 2016)
Two types of pointing devices: direct pointing and indirect pointing
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UltimatePointer, L.L.C v. Nintendo Co. Ltd
(Fed. Cir., March 2016)
• Two types of pointing devices: direct pointing and indirect pointing;
• Indirect pointing devices are, for example computer mice, “where the
object of the pointing (e.g. cursor) bears an indirect relationship to
the physical point-of-aim of the pointing device.”
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UltimatePointer, L.L.C v. Nintendo Co. Ltd
(Fed. Cir., March 2016)
• Two types of pointing devices: direct pointing and indirect pointing;
• Indirect pointing devices are, for example computer mice, “where the
object of the pointing (e.g. cursor) bears an indirect relationship to
the physical point-of-aim of the pointing device.”
• Direct pointing devices are devices “for which the physical point of
aim coincides with the item being pointed at.”
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UltimatePointer, L.L.C v. Nintendo Co. Ltd
(Fed. Cir., March 2016)
• UltimatePointer argues that ordinary meaning of “handheld device”
• Nintendo argues “handheld direct pointing device”
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UltimatePointer, L.L.C v. Nintendo Co. Ltd
(Fed. Cir., March 2016)
Words in a claim “are generally given their ordinary and customary meaning”
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UltimatePointer, L.L.C v. Nintendo Co. Ltd
(Fed. Cir., March 2016)
• Words in a claim “are generally given their ordinary and customary meaning”.
• “[T]he specification is always highly relevant to the claim construction analysis.
Usually it is dispositive; it is the single best guide to the meaning of a disputed
term.
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UltimatePointer, L.L.C v. Nintendo Co. Ltd
(Fed. Cir., March 2016)
• Words in a claim “are generally given their ordinary and customary meaning”.
• “[T]he specification is always highly relevant to the claim construction analysis.
Usually it is dispositive; it is the single best guide to the meaning of a disputed
term.
• Caution against importing limitations from the specifications into claims.
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UltimatePointer, L.L.C v. Nintendo Co. Ltd
(Fed. Cir., March 2016)
• Words in a claim “are generally given their ordinary and customary meaning”.
• “[T]he specification is always highly relevant to the claim construction analysis.
Usually it is dispositive; it is the single best guide to the meaning of a disputed
term.
• Caution against importing limitations from the specifications into claims.
• “[W]e have also recognized that repeated derogatory statements can indicate that
the criticized technologies were not intended to be within the scope of the claims.
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UltimatePointer, L.L.C v. Nintendo Co. Ltd
(Fed. Cir., March 2016)
• The repeated description of the invention as a direct pointing system, the repeated
extolling of the virtues of direct pointing, and the repeated criticism of indirect
pointing clearly point to the conclusion that the “handheld device” in the claims is
limited to a “direct pointing device”.
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UltimatePointer, L.L.C v. Nintendo Co. Ltd
(Fed. Cir., March 2016)
• The repeated description of the invention as a direct pointing system, the repeated
extolling of the virtues of direct pointing, and the repeated criticism of indirect
pointing clearly point to the conclusion that the “handheld device” in the claims is
limited to a “direct pointing device”.
• Adopting the “ordinary meaning, however, would incorrectly divorce the claim
language from…the specifications.”
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Eon Corp. IP Holdings LLC v. Silver Spring Networks, Inc.
(Fed. Cir., Feb. 2016)
Appeal from District Court for the District of Texas.
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Eon Corp. IP Holdings LLC v. Silver Spring Networks, Inc.
(Fed. Cir., Feb. 2016)
• Appeal from District Court for the District of Texas.
• Fed. Cir. reverses finding that “no reasonable jury could have found “
infringement.
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Eon Corp. IP Holdings LLC v. Silver Spring Networks, Inc.
(Fed. Cir., Feb. 2016)
• Three patents at issue.
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Eon Corp. IP Holdings LLC v. Silver Spring Networks, Inc.
(Fed. Cir., Feb. 2016)
• Three patents at issue.
• Each patent relates to the two-way interactive communications between
local subscribers and a base station.
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Eon Corp. IP Holdings LLC v. Silver Spring Networks, Inc.
(Fed. Cir., Feb. 2016)
• Three patents at issue.
• Each patent relates to the two-way interactive communications between
local subscribers and a base station.
• Experts dispute meaning of “portable” and “mobile”.
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Eon Corp. IP Holdings LLC v. Silver Spring Networks, Inc.
(Fed. Cir., Feb. 2016)
Easily moved from one location to another
vs.
Capable of being easily moved…but not that it actually has to move
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Nuance Communications, Inc. v. ABBY USA Software House, Inc. (Fed. Cir. 2016)
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Nuance Communications, Inc. v. ABBY USA Software House, Inc. (Fed. Cir. 2016)
Trustees of Columbia University v. Semantic Corp (Fed Cir. 2016)
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Nuance Communications, Inc. v. ABBY USA Software House, Inc. (813 F. 3d 1368)
Trustees of Columbia University v. Semantic Corp (811 F. 3rd 1359)
Avid Tech., Inc. V. Harmonic, Inc. (812 F. 3rd 1040)