The French Revolution, 1789 - 1815:
The Radical Phase - The Terror
AP European HistoryAndrostic2012-2013
OverviewThe second phase is the most radical phase of the revolution
They will try to remake every aspect of life in France
Topics●The Second Revolution●The Terror●End of the Terror
The Second Revolution
The “Second” Revolution, August 10,
1792Suffering of the poor
The War– Going badly for
France– Brunswick
Manifesto– Storming the
Tuilleries
Paris Commune
Sans CulottesThey were small traders, peasants, and artisans.
Working class
National Convention
Division of the Coalition
Girondins Jacobins The "Mountain"
Jacobin Coalition
BeginningsThreat of Invasion by Austria & Prussia over– Battle of ValmyConvention Divided into warring factions
Jacobins
Montagnards
(“The Mountain”)
GirondistsMonarchíe
n(Royalists)
1790s:The Plain
(swing votes)
TODAY:
The Political Spectrum
January 21, 1793
Execution of the King
The Terror
Background to the Terror
War was again going badly for FranceFear of DisunityBrings….
Maximilien Robespierre
Terror is nothing other than justice, prompt, severe, inflexible. -- Robespierre
The TerrorGoal: Repress counter-revolution
●To do this, need to reorganize France
Committee of Public SafetyLevee en massePrice controls and centralized authorityTried to create a perfect republic of virtue
Revolutionary Tribunals arrested 300,00 an executed between 16,000 to 50,000
New CalendarNew Name Meaning Time PeriodVendemaire Vintage September 22 – October 21Brumaire Fog October 22 – November 20Frimaire Frost November 21 – December
20Nivose Snow December 21 – January 19Pluviose Rain January 20 – February 18Ventose Wind February 19 – March 20Germinal Budding March 21 – April 19Floreal Flowers April 20 – May 19Prairial Meadow May 20 – June 18Messidor Harvest June 19 – July 18Thermidor Heat July 19 – August 17Fructidor Fruit August 18 – September 21
New Years
I 1792 – 1793II 1793 – 1794III 1794 – 1795IV 1795 – 1796V 1796 – 1797VI 1797 – 1798VII 1798 – 1799VIII 1799 – 1800IX 1800 – 1801X 1801 – 1802XI 1802 – 1803XII 1803 – 1804XIII 1804 – 1805XIV 1805
The Cult of Reason
Come, holy Liberty,
inhabit this temple,
Become the goddess of the French
people.
End of the Terror
“Down with the Tyrant”
9 Thermidor, 1795
War in Belgium was going wellNo longer a need for the Committee of Public SafetyThermidorian Rebellion
– Killed RobespierreInsurrection of May 1795
SummaryThe radicals tried to remake France into the perfect, rational Enlightenment stateTheir program failed, and the people desired a more conservative government