Transcript
Page 1: The French Revolution Notes - Warren Hills Regional School ... · Title: Microsoft Word - The French Revolution Notes .docx Author: Laura Filan Created Date: 3/7/2013 2:46:45 PM

The French Revolution  People  and  Terms  to  know  

• Georges-­‐Jacques  Danton    • Maximilien  Robespierre  • Jean-­‐Paul  Marat  • Reign  of  Terror    • Napoleon  Bonaparte  • National  Convention    • Universal  Manhood  Suffrage  • Girondins  • Jacobins  • Committee  of  Public  Safety  • Revolutionary  Tribunal    • The  Directory    

 National  Convention  –  senptember  1792  –  1st  meeting  Universal  manhood  suffrage  –  every  man  can  vote    Legislative  Assembly  –  3  main  groups  

• Girodins  o Dantonists  –  followed  the  lead  of  Georges  Danton;  believed  Reign  of  Terror  

should  end  earlier  and  begin  re-­‐building  of  France  • Conservatives    • Jacobins    

o Radicals  in  Assembly;  led  by  Maximilien  Robespierre    o Jacobins  -­‐  divided-­‐  moderates/radicals    

§ Robespierre  § Jean-­‐Paul  Marat  

 National  Convention’s  Actions    

• Declared  end  to  monarchy    • Beginning  of  new  republic    • Wrote  new  constitution    • Brought  Louis  XVI  to  trial    

o Guilty  –  sentenced  to  death      French  Army  –  prior  to  Reign  of  Terror  (Sept  1793)  

• Defeated  Austrian  and  Prussian  forces  –  stopped  foreign  invasion    Opposition  to  the  Constitution  Arises  

• French  people  rose  up  against  revolutionary  government  –  “counterrevolutionary”    o Ultimately  wanted  peace  in  France    

• Jacobins  –  Robespierre  and  Danton  –  Controlled  National  Convention    • Arrested  many  Girodin  delegates  who  opposed  their  policies    • Charlotte  Corday  –  Killed  Jean-­‐Paul  Marat  –  arrested  and  executed    

 

Page 2: The French Revolution Notes - Warren Hills Regional School ... · Title: Microsoft Word - The French Revolution Notes .docx Author: Laura Filan Created Date: 3/7/2013 2:46:45 PM

 Reign  of  Terror:  suppress  all  opposition  (Sept  1793-­‐  July  1794)  

• “annihilate  internal  and  external  enemies  of  the  republic”    • Executed  Girondin  opponents    • Fought  back  European  powers  –  gained  advantage    • Robespierre  –  becomes  more  fanatical    • Danton  –  time  to  stop  Reign  of  Terror    • Robespierre  has  Danton  and  his  followers  (Dantonists)  Executed    

 Work  of  National  Convention  –  under  Robespierre  

• Democratic  Reforms    o Committee  of  Public  Safety    

§ 12  men  who  ruled  France  under  Robespierre      § To  direct  army  in  crushing  foreign  invaders  § Revolutionary  Tribunal  –  “try  enemies  of  Revolution”  

o Establish  “Republic  of  Virtue”  –  good  citizenship  § New  Schools  § Elementary  education    

o Wage  and  price  controls  to  aid  economy    o Abolished  slavery  in  French  colonies    

• Replace  monarchy’s  system  of  weights  and  measures  with  metric  system  • September  22,  1792  –  First  Year  of  Liberty  –  new  calendar    

 July  1794  –  Robespierre  arrested  and  executed      The  Directory    

• 2  House  legislature    o 500  member  lower  house  –  proposes  laws  o 250  member  upper  house  –  accepts  or  rejects  laws  

§ Appoints  executive  branch  –  5  directors  • Eliminate  universal  manhood  suffrage  –  only  land  owners  may  vote  • Only  existed  for  4  years  

o Lead  to  division  among  classes  o Offered  way  for  military  dictatorship  

   

Napoleon  Bonaparte  “I  found  the  crown  of  France  lying  on  the  ground,  and  I  picked  it  up  with  my  sword”  

   


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