THE FUTURE OF FOOD AND THE ROLE OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
GEORG Geothermal Workshop – Reykjavik 15. November 2018
Sigurður MarkússonLandsvirkjun
Cambridge University - Cambridge Institute for Sustainability Leadership
The global food system:
Water Withdrawal
70% of global use
Employs
28%of the worlds population
37% Of worlds
landmass used for agriculture
(excl. Antarctica)
4000 million t/year
produced
market size
12.24 trillion USD by
2020
6.9%CAGR
Source: FAO.ORG /World Resources Institute
https://ccafs.cgiar.org/
https://ccafs.cgiar.org/
0
1E+09
2E+09
3E+09
4E+09
5E+09
6E+09
7E+09
8E+09
010002000300040005000600070008000
Years from present time
“To meet the increasing demand from a growing population we will need to produce more food in the
next 40 years than has been produced in the previous 8,000 years.”
Jason Clay, Senior Vice President WWF
“Between 2010 and 2050, as a result of expected changes in population and income levels, the environmental effects of the food system could increase by 50–90% in the absence of technological changes and dedicated mitigation measures, reaching levels that are beyond the planetary boundaries that define a safe operating space for humanity”
Springmann et al. October 2018
380 million new jobs by 2030Cost: 5-7 trillion USD?
The role of geothermal energy
Energy
Water
Food
Technology and innovation
905,960,000
610,600,000
433,100,000
122,120,00085,200,000
Finnland Pólland Holland Spánn Ísland
ISK
/yea
r92%
78%
50%
16%
100%
Finnland Pólland Holland Spánn Ísland
% Annual need for heating
Teitur Gunnarsson, Þór Tómasson - Mannvit
Cost of heating a 40.000 m2 greenhouse in different locations
0,03%
Value creation
hdwallsbox.com
Renewable energy?
❑ Innovation❑ Systems thinking❑ Robotics❑ Artificial intelligence❑ Water and energy optimization❑ Strategic policy
40°c
20°c
Challenges in Iceland
• Small local market
• Labor
• Scale - Distribution cost of electricity
• Shipping cost
• Lack of experts
What can we do?