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The Genius and Romantic Madness
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Romanticism -- Alexander Pushkin (1799-1837)
• Emerged in Germany and Britain in late 1790s, in France and Russia 1820s
• Rejected Neoclassicism, rationalism, imitation in art
• Privileged individual self-expression, sincerity, originality, emotional intensity and extremes
• Exalted creative imagination and individual, national genius
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Prince Vladimir Odoevsky, 1803-1869
• Last descendent of first Russian Princes, Ruriks
• Philosopher, writer, pedagogue, philanthropist,music critic
• Most famous literary work Russian Nights, 1844
• Imitated German Gothic/Fantastic writers Hoffman and Tieck
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Giambattista Piranesi, Italian architect
• Visualized ancient Rome from study of ancient ruin (fashion for ruins)
• Carceri d’Invenzione, 1749-1750, 1761
• Only one church built, S. Maria del Priorato
• Tremendous influence on Romantics and on modernist cinematic imagination
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The Eternal/Wandering Jew• Legendary figure of Jewish
shoemaker (or Roman) who insulted Christ on road to Cavalry: as punishment must wander until Second Coming
• Biblical basis: Matthew 16:28• Metaphor for the Jewish Diaspora,
or allegory for anyone who has been made to see error of wickedness -- mocking of Passion epitomizes callousness of mankind
• Legend circulated throughout Middle Ages, first published in seventeenth century, became figure of Romantic literature in late eighteenth century
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Discussion Questions for Odoevsky’s “The Third Night”
• Based on the narrator’s description of his bibliomania and Piranesi’s architectural mania, provide a clinical description of Romantic mania. What are its causes? What are its symptoms?
• What are the origins of Piranesi’s suffering? Are they psychological or social?
• What is the relationship of the philosophical epilogue to the story itself? Is Odoevsky using the story to make a point?
• What does the Carceri d’Invenzione symbolize in this story?