The German Research
Landscape and Current Developments
in Science and Research
Content
The German Research Landscape
Current Developments in Science and Research
The German Research Landscape
approx. 750 publicly funded research institutions,about 100 research networks and clusters
549,000 staff in Research and Development,approx. 320,000 scientists and researchers
bilateral, European and multilateral cooperationswith more than 40 countries („WTZ-Abkommen“/ Agreements on scientific and technical cooperation)
Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: 69,9 billion euro (in 2010)
Facts and Figures
Source: Federal Statistical Office (preliminary numbers for 2010)
The German Research Landscape
Research at institutions of Higher Education
Non-university research facilities
Industrial research
Different players
Higher Education Institutions
Institutions of Higher Education
108 universities
210 universities of applied sciences
6 colleges of education
16 colleges of theology
52 colleges of art
29 colleges of public administration
Features of German universities
Unity of research and teaching
Broad range of subjects
Theoretical orientation of research
Source: Federal Statistical Office (August, 2012)
Higher Education Institutions
Facts and Figures:
2.38 million students enrolled in German higher education institutions
Approximately 264,000 international (11.1%) and 2.1 million German students enrolled at German universities
Public expenditure for institutions of higher education: 41.229 billion euros (2010)
Excellence Initiative by the German States (“Länder”) and the Federal Government: From 2006–2017 a total of 4.6 billion euros will be invested to promote top-level research
More information is offered by the German Rectors’ Conference at www.hrk.de
Excellent non-university research
institutions
Max Planck Society www.mpg.de/en
Helmholtz Association of National Research Centres www.helmholtz.de/en/
Leibniz Association www.wgl.de
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft www.fraunhofer.de/en
Max Planck Society www.mpg.de
The Max Planck Society (MPG) is an independent, non-profit research organisation named after the world-famous physicist Max Planck (1858–1947).
With its focus on basic research in the natural sciences and humanities, the MPG complements research projects at universities. The MPG is well-known for its excellence in research.
Seventeen scientists at the MPG have received the Nobel Prize.
Facts and Figures:
80 institutes and research centres
Staff: 17,019
Budget: 1.5 billion €
Research budget (Source: MPG)Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine in Münster
Excellent non-university research institutions
Helmholtz Association of National Research Centres www.helmholtz.de
The Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres provides top scientific achievements to society, science and industry for addressing the major challenges of today.
The Helmholtz Association is the largest scientific organisation in Germany. Its work follows the tradition of the great natural scientist Hermann von Helmholtz (1821–1894).
Scientists in 18 Helmholtz Centres work on a wide variety of topics in areas ranging from health, the environment and energy to fundamental research such as elementary particlephysics.
Facts and Figures
18 research centres
Staff: 33,634
Budget: 3.4 billion €
Research Budget (Source: Helmholtz)Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
A Research Centre of the Helmholtz Association
Excellent non-university research institutions
Leibniz Association www.wgl.de
The Leibniz Association is the umbrella organisation for 86 research institutions which address scientific issues of importance to society as a whole.
The Leibniz Institutes conduct research and provide infrastructure for science and research and perform research-based services – liaison, consultation, transfer – for the public, policy-makers, academia and business.
The Berlin Museum for Natural History (Museum für Naturkunde), one of the ten largest scientific collections in the world, is a prominent example of a Leibniz Association member.
Facts and Figures:
86 institutes and research facilities
Staff: 17,300
Budget: 1.5 billion €
Research Budget (Source: Leibniz)Research Institute and Museum for Natural History Berlin
Excellent non-university research institutions
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft www.fraunhofer.de
Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Mathematics (ITWM) Kaiserslautern
The Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft conducts applied research for both private and public enterprises, as well as for the general benefit of the public.
The association takes its name from Joseph von Fraunhofer (1787–1826), the illustrious Munich researcher, inventor and entrepreneur.
The Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft is the largest organisation for applied research in Europe. It conducts research under contract for industry, the service sector and public administration and also offers information and services.
Facts and Figures
80 research facilities
Staff: 20,000
Budget: 1.8 billion €
Research Budget (Source: Fraunhofer)
Excellent non-university research institutions
Federal research institutions/Departmental research(41 institutes funded by the Federal Ministries, staff: 21,000 in 2010)
“Länder” institutions(167 research organisations funded by Germany’s federal states/“Länder”, staff: 5,600 in 2010)
Academies of Science(about 10 publicly funded organisations)
Excellent non-university research institutions
Intensive Industrial Research
Almost 70% of the research investments in Germany are spent by the industrial sector (approx. 47 billion euros)
Numerous industrial research facilities and companies are closely cooperating with universities and other research institutions (networks and clusters)
The German Federation of Industrial Research Associations (AiF) promotes research and development in all industry sectors
Industries strong in research: Automobile industry, electrical engineering, chemical industry and mechanical engineering
Basic and Applied Research
Applied Research
Basic Research
PublicFunding
PrivateFunding
Max Planck Society
Leibniz Association
Helmholtz Association
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Industry
Universities
Expenditure on Research
and Development
Research expenditure 2010 (in total): 69,9 billion euros
Max Planck Society
Helmholtz Association
Fraunhofer -Gesellschaft
Leibniz Association
other public or privateresearch institutes
Universities
Industry
67,2 %
18,0 %
Source: Federal Statistical Office (numbers for 2010)
Research Funding
Primary Sponsors Secondary Sponsors
Alexander von Humboldt
Foundation
German AcademicExchange Service
German ResearchFoundation
etc.
Find out more: http://www.research-in-germany.de
Foundations
Industry
“Länder”/States
Federal Government/Ministries
Content
1. The German Research Landscape – Overview
2. Current Developments in Science and Research
Current Developments in
Science and Research Strategy for the Internationalisation of Science and Research
High-Tech Strategy
Excellence Initiative
Joint Initiative for Research and Innovation
Higher Education Pact
Seventh Framework Programme, European Research Council
Horizon 2020 – EU-Programme for Research and Innovation
Strategy for the Internationalisation
of Science and Research
The strategy pursues four main goals:
Strengthening cooperation between the best researchers
Gaining access to international innovation potentials
Sustainably strengthening cooperation with developing countries in the fields of education, research and developmen
Assuming international responsibility to overcome global challenges
Source: Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
The High-Tech Strategy
Initiative launched by the federal government to encourage the development of lead markets, enhance cooperation between science and industry, and improve framework conditions for innovations
Definition of 5 lead markets and priorities
Climate and Energy
Health and Nutrition
Mobility
Security
Communications
Source: Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
Excellence InitiativeAn initiative by the Federal Government and the Länder
Aims of the Excellence Initiative:
Promote top-level research
Improve the quality of German universities and research institutions
Increase Germany’s international competitiveness
Two programme phases:
1.9 billion euros in the first programme phase between 2006 and 2012
2.7 billion euros in the second programme phase between 2012 and 2017
Source: German Research Foundation (DFG)
Excellence Initiative
Three funding lines:
1) Graduate Schools to promote young academics
2) Clusters of Excellence to promote top-level research
3) Institutional strategies to promote top-level university research
Source: German Research Foundation (DFG)
First Phase 2006 - 2012:
39 graduate schools
37 clusters of excellence
9 institutional strategies
Second Phase 2012 - 2017:
45 graduate schools
43 clusters of excellence
11 institutional strategies
Excellence Initiative11 German universities with excellent future concepts
(new projects italicized)
Aachen University of Technology Free University of Berlin Humboldt University of Berlin University of Bremen Dresden University of Technology Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg University of Cologne University of Constance Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich Technical University of Munich Eberhard-Karls University of Tübingen
Source: German Research Foundation (DFG)
Excellence Initiative
Funding decisions in the second programme phase:
99 projects at 39 universities
Source: German Research Foundation (DFG)
Joint Initiative for Research and
Innovation
Financial planning security to research institutions
Research policy goals:
Trigger dynamic developments in the science system through an annual increase of funding by 5% from 2011-2015
Create dynamic and performance-enhancing networks in the science system
Develop and implement new international cooperation strategies
Establish sustainable partnerships between science and industry
Recruit the best and persuading them to stay in Germany long-term
Source: Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
Higher Education Pact
Background:
First programme phase 2007-2010: a total of 91,370 additional new university entrants by 2010 (compared to the number in 2005); actual number of new entrants 185,024
Second programme phase 2010-2015: 275,000 additional university entrants
Initiative of the Federal Government and the “Länder” to provide the universities with additional resources for admitting more students
Source: Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
Seventh Framework Programme –
European Research Council (ERC)
The 7th Framework Programme for Research has two main strategic objectives:
to strengthen the scientific and technological base of European industry
to encourage its international competitiveness,
while promoting research that supports EU policies.
Duration: 2007-2013
Total budget: over 50 billion euros
Source: European Commission – Research and Innovation
Seventh Framework Programme –
European Research Council (ERC)
Specific programmes:
Cooperation (to foster collaborative research across Europe)
Ideas (to support “frontier research”)
People (to support researcher mobility)
Capacities (strengthen research infrastructures)
Nuclear Research
Source: European Commission – Research and Innovation
Horizon 2020
EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation 2014 – 2020
Combines 3 individual projects/initiatives* Total budget: 80 billion euros
*The 7th Research Framework Programme (FP7), innovation aspects of Competitiveness and Innovation Framework Programme (CIP), EU contribution to the European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT)
Three priorities:
Excellent research
Industrial leadership
Societal challenges
Thank you for your attention!
Contact:
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www.research-in-germany.de