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The hidden potential ofpublic-private partnerships p.5
Post-carbon pioneers:Are you part of the eco-elite? p.9
Financing solutionsof tomorrow p.12
EnergyCt
www.gy-ct.u
INFONo. 41 Spring 2013
DOSSIER
T dd uc u ct
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I you wish to receive this magazineonce a year for free, please e-mail: www.energy-cities.eu/miriam
Directors o publication:Miriam Eisermann and Grard Magnin
Contributors to this issue:the Energy Cities staff and members of the network
Translation: Nathalie Fauchadour
Graphic design: www.tuttiquanti.net
Printer: Imprimerie SIMON (ImprimVert) -Printed on recycled paperN ISSN : 1256-6098 - Print run: 2500 copies
Cover: Tutti Quanti / Shutterstock, Fotolia
Editorial
Energy Cities becomes the
European Association of localauthorities in energy transition
We have entered a new era in our history.
The good news is that we have local resources all around us, just
waiting to be rediscovered. Cities wasted or untapped heat sourcesare underground, in lakes and wastewater networks. Renewable energy
sources such as biomass and biogas providing heat and electricity andmany others represent a huge energy saving potential and our most
important source of wealth.
The sun, the wind and water are not our only resources. Citizens, with their
visions and desires, the private sector with its flair for innovation and politicaldecision-makers daring to make radical course changes also represent a priceless
potential and a source of huge opportunities if properly mobilised at the local level.
We are leaving a world of absolute globalisation to enter a world that advocatesthe relocation of many economic activities and promotes new production and
consumption modes.
Energy is at the heart of this massive change, as the energy transition is not
only an economic transition but also a transition towards new lifestyles.
By becoming the European Association of local authorities in energy transition,Energy Cities wishes to embody and promote such a change. It is the only way
for Europe, which is arousing more and more scepticism, to become a landof hope for new generations again. This is why we have almost exclusively
dedicated this issue - as well as our 30 proposals for the energy transition of
cities and towns available online - to local initiatives that are today paving theway for tomorrow.
Eckart Wrzner, Mayor of Heidelberg and President of Energy Cities
Benefitting from natural resources: the examples of Geneva, Paris, Brussels.........................p.2-3
Rigas heat connection ............................................................................................................................................................. p.3
Sparkling ideas! Water management in Porto and Sams ...........................................................................p.4
The hidden potential of public-private partnerships ..........................................................................................p.5
When decision-makers dare .............................................................................................................................................. p.6-7
Successful renovation stories...............................................................................................................................................p.7
The power of (extra)ordinary citizens .............................................................................................................................p.8
Post-carbon pioneers: Are you part of the eco-elite?...................................................................................p.9
Energy transition: Local authorities setting their own rules ................................................................p.10-11
Financing solutions of tomorrow......................................................................................................................................p.12
Updates from the network ....................................................................................................................................................p.13
Publications.......................................................................................................................................................................................p.14
Energy at the heart of the Franco-German partnership .................................................................................p.14
DOSSIER
Geneva:unsuspected
resourcesunder the city
No massive heat supply from renewableenergy sources is possible without activedistribution networks. It is vital that citieslacking such facilities take another look attheir existing underground infrastructures andexplore the possibility of putting them to newuses.
Geneva (Switzerland) has a network extending
over dozens of kilometres of underground galleries
and pipes aimed at conveying water from the laketo the various districts throughout the city in case
of a conflict or fire. Part of this civil protection
infrastructure is no longer required and can there-fore be integrated into the citys energy planning
strategy e.g. for installing underground heat pipes.
Using such infrastructure, which includewastewater and stormwater sewers as well as
underground systems, can significantly reducerenewable energy deployment costs, thus
increasing their competitiveness. A word to the
wise: go ahead and start discussing this with yourcolleagues from the urban planning, civil defence,
wastewater and drinking water supply depart-
ments. Who knows what hidden treasures youmay find!
Energy Cities | Brussels Ofce
1, Square de MeesB-1000 BrusselsTel.: +32 2 504 78 60Fax: +32 2 504 78 61
Energy Cities | Secretariat
2, chemin de PalenteF - 25000 BesanonTel.: +33 381 65 36 80Fax: +33 381 50 73 51
www.energy-cities.eu/info
CONTENTS
Benefitting fromnaturalresourcesSIER
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Rigas heat connectionSupplying heat may be technically and financially challenging, especially when thedistrict energy infrastructure delivers close to 75% of a citys demand as is the casein the Latvian capital. No wonder that Riga has been investing in new information
and communication technologies (ICT) to optimise its district heating system builtduring Soviet times.
More than 8,000 customers are connected to Rigas district heating system, all of whichare equipped with automatic thermal substations. Since 2012, each building with a
heat substation has been equipped with a telemetering system enabling remote heat
consumption measurements to be taken (other data, such as cold and hot water as wellas electricity, can be read in accordance with the clients needs).
In Riga ICT accompanied a recent modernisation of CHP units, boiler houses and distri-
bution pipelines. The latter has led to a 13% reduction in transfer losses in the city. More
than 90% of the heat supplied is produced in high efficiency cogeneration mode.
District energy is one of the many initiatives Riga is implementing to meet the ambitious
CO2
emission reductions that its Mayor, Nils Uakovs, is committed to. Head of the Club
of Covenant of Mayors Signatories in Latvia, Mr Uakovs is making Riga a frontrunner city
in the region and beyond as he also exports the citys expertise abroad through decen-tralised co-operation. As a European Capital of Culture and host of Energy Cities Annual
Rendezvous in 2014, the city will put even more emphasis on promoting its great achieve-
ments and know-how.
www.riga.lv/en
www.energy-cities.eu/-Annual-RendezVous-
Urbanfarming:growingvegetables
and jobsUrban farming has expanded in recentyears with the development of variousinitiatives: shared gardens, associa-tions like CSAs (Community-SupportedAgriculture), roof culture systems andcitizens collective actions like theIncredible Ediblesmovement. Localfood initiatives are gaining momentum,especially in the light of the horse meatscandal and related traceability pro-blems.
A study by the Brussels Institute for
Environment Management carried out inJune 2012, entitled Systme dalimenta-tion durable- Sustainable Food System*,listed the potentially arable surface areasavailable in the city of Brussels for market
gardening, fruit growing and aquapo-nics, i.e. labour-intensive organic crops.
Including waste lands, gardens, parks andflat roofs where cultivation is possible, weobtain a total arable area of 1,300 hectares
and a potential of thousands of full-time
jobs. According to those experimenting infood self-sufficiency, it is widely agreed
that one hectare is required to feed onefamily on a predominantly vegetarian diet.
These 1,300 hectares would, therefore, not
be enough to feed the entire population ofthe city.
Urban farming will never enable food self-
sufficiency to be achieved in large cities
in view of the potentially arable surfaceareas. It could, however, become the most
economical and profitable farming mode interms of energy and transportation costs in
a context of ever increasing fossil energy
prices. Cities host the largest concentra-tions of both manpower and mouths to
be fed, thus making this type of farming a
significant source of jobs at European level.
* http://wiki.opengreens.net/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=ua:sad_rapport_final_010812.pdf
www.incredible-edible.info
Treasure huntin Paris
What about a Paris travelguidebook that recom-
mends walking tours to
data centres or bakeriesreusing heat, to quarries
sharing their coolness,to intelligent rainwater harvesting
stations or to pedestrian zones pro-ducing kinetic energy? This is notimpossible as the French capital has
launched a call for contribution this
spring, inviting all citizens, scientists,researchers and industrialists to look
for the hidden resources available
within the city and for the means totake advantage of them. This is the
first call of its kind in France andpossibly in Europe. We are looking
forward to the outcome.
Fotolia
Fotolia
OskarsKupics
http://www.energy-cities.eu/-Annual-RendezVous-http://www.energy-cities.eu/-Annual-RendezVous-http://www.energy-cities.eu/-Annual-RendezVous-http://wiki.opengreens.net/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=ua:sad_rapport_final_010812.pdfhttp://wiki.opengreens.net/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=ua:sad_rapport_final_010812.pdfhttp://wiki.opengreens.net/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=ua:sad_rapport_final_010812.pdfhttp://wiki.opengreens.net/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=ua:sad_rapport_final_010812.pdfhttp://www.energy-cities.eu/-Annual-RendezVous- -
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The key success factor foran efficient city is not onlytechnologies. The essentialstep is a clever planning andmanagement of the systemsthemselves. An outstandingillustration of the above isthe accomplishment of thewater service utility of Portoin Portugal.Through careful analysis of the
citys topography and cleverorganisation of the transmis-
sion lines between the highernetwork line and the pumping
stations, an annual reduction
of electricity consumption ofabout 95%, from 4,500 MWh
down to 220 MWh, was
reached in 2012.
The guas do Porto, EEMis a public service company,
created and owned by themunicipality, for managing the
water supply and sewage in
the City of Porto. The city is amember of Energy Cities and
has signed the Covenant of
Mayors. It is currently settingup an observatory to monitor
the implementation progress
of its Sustainable EnergyAction Plan (SEAP), approved
in 2010.
Dty bubbl but:wtwt ttmt t pt!
Portos hills, a precious source of energy efficiency
Both energy and water arevital elements for our citiesand their citizens. Numerouspioneer cities are nowseeking ways to improvewater management as a cru-cial dimension of resourceefficiency. An excellent wayof doing so is to createsynergies between waterand energy just as the smallDanish island of Samsdoes.
The municipality uses a
small-scale, mobile wastewa-ter treatment plant named
Biobooster developed by a
Danish pump manufacturingcompany. Wastewater is being
treated close to where it is
generated, in a decentralisedfashion, eliminating the need
for infrastructure related to its
transport. It is thus contribu-ting to the reduction of CO
2
emissions and energy spen-ding. In line with the principle
of optimising resource flows,the sludge resulting from the
treatment process can then be
re-used for irrigation purposesor for the production of biogas!
Water management is only one
of the many resource-efficient
priorities of Covenant SignatorySams, where electricity is
100% generated by wind
turbines and 70% of heatingrequirements are covered by
solar power and biomass.
Sparkling
ideas...
Find out all about therecently created Networkfor Water in EuropeanRegions and Cities,NETWERCH2O, an associa-tion of European municipaland regional governments.Its objective is the pro-motion and developmentof sustainable practicesrelated to the management
of water. Energy Cities isan associate member ofthe network.
www.netwerch2o.eu
In 2013, as part of the recently-launched European InnovationPartnership on Water, EnergyCities member Vxj (Sweden)was given the opportunity toshare its experience in thefield with the Steering Group.
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/water/innovationpartnership/index_en.htm
Benefitting fromnaturalresources
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Product innovation, especially in the fieldof ICT-automated energy management
systems such as smart metering or smart
grids, is fast-moving. However, embeddingthese products into user-friendly solutions
that can quickly be adopted by municipa-lities requires a good knowledge of local
authorities realities.
Process innovation consists in deliveringsustainable energy goods and services tothe end user in a new way. It accelerates
the market uptake of innovative techno-
logies and can generate significant (oftenaround 20% or more) energy savings for
end users at lower costs. Companies
from various sectors are trying to achievethis by providing integrated, one-stop-
shop energy management solutions. Forinstance, with a well-managed energy
services contract, the municipality can
save on upfront investment (capital costs)by obtaining third-party financing and on
maintenance costs (operational costs). In
addition, it can reduce its transaction costs
by dealing with just one supplier, whilegaining additional technical and financial
expertise.
Innovative purchasing approaches areanother beneficial dimension for munici-
palities. Public-private partnerships can
generate creative business models whichhandle a fundamental flaw of the modern
unsustainable consumer economy: the
more companies sell, the more they earn.Alternative business models focus on the
service instead of the goods: a car, a buil-
ding control system or a washing machineis not sold, but leased throughout its life-
cycle by a service provider whose property
it remains. Contractsare typically based on
the use of the product so called pay as
you use systems
encouraging businesspartners to provide as
durable and efficient
a product as possible.These contracts can
incentivise the col-lection and reuse of
waste products.
We believe that
Energy Cities can make a significant contri-
bution to the development of these innova-tions required for change. The network and
its members are happy to act as catalystsfor the local energy transition in partnership
with the private sector.
Interested to know more or tocollaborate?Contact Kristina Dely, Head ofEuropean Affairs at Energy Cities
www.energy-cities.eu/kristina
THE HIDDEN
POTENTIAL OFPUBLIC-PRIVATEPARTNERSHIPSLocal authorities are currently working withinever tightening human and financial constraints,which are forcing them to use their resourcescreatively and effectively while increasinglyrelying on external resources. In what ways canthe public service mission be combined withthe efficiency and the innovation of the privatesector? Here is some food for thought...
The first step for keeping moneyat home or in the municipal walletshould remain the prevention andthe correct management of energyconsumption. This does not meanmaking any major investments inmunicipal assets or outsourcingthem, but having an appropriateenergy management system. Most
municipalities lack the human capa-city to run such a system, controllingconsumption and installations, provi-ding and evaluating energyconsumption data. At thesame time, a growing num-ber of complete, increasing-ly customer-friendly andless time-consuming solu-tions are available.
These are not only helpful forcommunicating a positive and res-ponsible image of your municipality,but also for primarily generatingrevenue and answering questions
like: What can I do with limited funds
and scarce human capacities toachieve meaningful energy savingsin the short and medium term?
How can I access funds and paythem back from the cost savingsachieved, without a great deal ofrisk?
Companiesfrom varioussectors areprovidingintegrated,one-stop-shopenergymanagement
solutions.
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Swedish cities:
ambitiousand planningfor the futureIn Sweden, municipalities have wide-spread authority over local land use,also reerred to as a certain planningmonopoly. Responsible or land andwater management, they produce bin-ding municipal development plans andissue building permits in compliance
with these plans.
In the rapidly-growing city of Stockholm,brown-field sites close to the city centrewith good transport systems are considered
valuable areas: the municipality requires the
land to be reused in order to contain urbansprawl and preserve green spaces on the
outskirts. This policy has led to a completerevitalisation of abandoned industrial sites that
have been converted into modern and energy-
efficient residential and business communities.
In Malm, a dynamic Energy Cities member,a central part of the energy strategy lies in
the supply of district heating in winter and
district cooling in warmer months. 95%of households are connected to the districtheating system and the waste-to-energy
scheme providing electricity for 40% of them.Converted food waste provides biogas for
25% of public transport.
The land use plan of the city of Lund onlyallows for expansion in areas where sustai-nable modes of transport are developed(bicycle lanes, public transport, etc.). Therehas been no increase in the use of cars overthe past ten years, and the city is determined
to decrease it even further. 43% of all trips aremade by bicycle in Lund!
Local Energy Roadmaps 2050:
a lot of courage, a pinch of madnessThe Swedish city ofVxj is on a quest
to become carbon-
neutral by 2050.
In 1996, the citycouncil decided to
become a fossil-
fuel free city. A few minutes after thisvote, when adrenaline and emotions
had calmed down, some of the mem-
bers may have looked at each otherand asked themselves: What have we
done? They may have been scared
at the thought of a fossil fuel freework programme and the considerable
changes required for the municipalityand its 78,000 inhabitants.
No regrets, as says Bo Frank, currentMayor of Vxj. The Vxjians have
kept their promise. Step by step, theyhave built energy-efficient dwellings,
extended the use of biomass and dis-
trict heating and turned their city intoone of the greenest in the world. The
ambitious vision helped them figure
out the right path: they renewed theirenergy strategy in 2011 and are hea-
ding towards their objective which theyexpect to achieve by 2030!
Eight cities (Bistrita, Dobrich, Figueres,Lille, Milton Keynes, Modena, Munich
and Odense) have started a similar
exercise and committed to finalisingtheir Local Energy Roadmaps 2050
by the end of 2014 as part of theIMAGINE project, co-financed under
the INTERREG IVC programme.
Is this about courage or is it a kind of
madness? Does it really matter, as long
as both lead to change?
www.imaginelowenergycities.eu
When decision-makersdare
The Swedish way ofcity networking
Joining the non-profit associationKlimatkommunerna(Climate Municipalities)
is for many active cities a good meansof sharing experiences, getting supportand being represented in national legis-lation and strategies.
www.klimatkommunerna.se
DianeMorel
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Brussels-Capital
(Belgium) had one ofEuropes most energy-
hungry building stock afew years ago. Two calls
for projects, each with
a 7.5 million euro bud-get, made it possible to
move from zero passive
buildings in 2007 to over200,000 m in 2012. Low
energy use became acompulsory renovation
standard in 2010.
Built in 1877, the Montbenon Court ofJustice is one of the most notable historic
buildings in Lausanne (Switzerland). Thechallenge was to improve the buildings
energy efficiency by undertaking reno-
vation works compatible with its listedmonument status. It seems to be a suc-
cess as the building is in category A for
water consumption and in category B forenergy and CO
2emissions according to
the Display rating system.
Ivanic-Grad (Croatia) is very muchengaged in the Display campaign and
is very keen to display its buildingsenergy performances on posters, even
those in class G! The municipalityhas also launched an ambitious pro-
gramme for the refurbishment of one
municipal building per year, which cor-responds to the 3% objective defended
by Energy Cities.
For further information on Display:
www.display-campaign.org
3% of public
buildingsrenovated per year:a utopian objective?The European Energy Efficiency Directive
(October 2012) compels Member States
to renovate 3% of government-ownedbuildings every year. The European
Commission tried to extend this measure
to local and regional authorities buildingsbut the proposition was discarded under
various pretexts. This is a Pavlovian reflexlinked to the principle of subsidiarity,
according to which the European level
should not be able to compel the locallevel to do anything.
Energy Cities supports the 3% objec-tive because: It is a strong political signal potentially
leading to the total renovation of thepublic building stock by 2050,
It provides an excellent opportunity forall public governance levels to meet
around a common challenge, It sets the private sector an example
and gives investors an economic signal,
It is a good way of compelling Member
States to establish a favourable, incitingframework.
If we look at things statically (consi-
dering current resources) nothing will bedone. But if we take a dynamic look,
anything becomes possible. As Senecasaid: It is not because things are difficultthat we do not dare; it is because we donot dare that they are difficult.
Follow Energy Cities political workclosely on:www.energy-cities.eu/-POSITIONS,10-
Members in the spotlight
Successful renovation stories
OlivierBruchez
VilledIvanic-Grad
Bruxelles
F o
t o l i a
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Myths and mistakes
Mob rule. Decision-makers may have hadnegative experiences of engaging citizenswhen they were confronted with comba-
tive people. Yet, most people are polite
and keen to have a civilised and informeddiscussion.
Citizens cannot discuss complex issues.There are so many examples of engage-
ment processes where groups of ordinarycitizens engaged intelligently in complex
topics. Engaging people in a meaningfulway can have a positive impact on atti-tudes and behaviours. We may find that
ordinary citizens are able to come upwith ingenious solutions which may have
eluded experts.
Engagement is too expensive... unlessthe costs of not engaging are considered
together with the costs of your project.Non-engagement may result in obstacles
with rather serious consequences in termsof costs, both from a monetary (complaints
procedures or legal costs) and non-mone-
tary (negative impact on image or decreasein trust) point of view.
Overcoming the myths
Focus on what unites citizens, not onwhat divides them. Start framing withwhat you have in common and map thestrengths. Make it relevant to citizens,
but do not assume that the incentives
that work for one group can automaticallybe transferred to another. Find out what
the entry point is for different types ofpeople, who will have different attitudes
and behaviours towards engaging with
energy.
Inspire citizens to engage. A powerfulway of engaging citizens with transitioningto a low carbon future is to bring positive
messages. Show the difference people aremaking, whether that is through storytel-
ling, challenge prizes, or celebrating good
practice And make it fun!
Engaging citizens is not straightforward.
There are many obstacles and areas ofconfusion. However, engaging citizens can
ensure that public values are taken intoaccount, develop a better understanding
of complex issues, and create greater
ownership for energy transition decisions.
The key is to find that space where citi-zens are empowered to engage and where
those in power demonstrate strong lea-
dership and have the courage to step backand let things happen.
More information about dispellingmyths around engagement can befound in From Fairy Tale to Reality:Dispelling the Myths around CitizenEngagement:
www.involve.org.uk/from-fairytale-to-reality/
Whos afraiD
of The aCTiveCiTizen?Negative myths about citizen engagement sometimes preventelected representatives and decision-makers from engagingas it is: too risky, too expensive, inefficient.Ingrid Prikken, from Involve, has helped us understandhow to overcome these myths.
Ingrid Prikken is ProjectManager at Involve. Thecharity organisation seeks,through both researchand practice, to radicallytransform the relationshipbetween citizens and theirgovernments to better usethe creativity, energy, know-ledge, skills and resourcesof all.
www.involve.org.uk
Bielsko-Biala (Poland):Involving all local actors thanks tothe ENGAGE campaign
The ENGAGE campaign is a great idea for
getting the local community involved in cli-
mate protection projects by promoting themessage that anyone can be a co-author of
success. The artistic performances accom-
panying the awareness-raising activities inour city have brought an atmosphere of joy
and hope, which has inspired thousandsof people to take action, rather than scare
them with discouraging visions of danger.
Zbigniew Michniowski - Deputy Mayorof the City of Bielsko-Biaa, member of
Energy Cities Board of Directors
ENGAGE builds a sense of responsibi-
lity and encourages involvement throughvarious activities. The local community
is inspired by colourful posters of both
well-known people and citizens who havepublicly committed to support sustainable
energy.
Aneta Gut-Sulima Physics teacher
Discover Bielsko-Biaas actions infavour of sustainable energy:www.energy-cities.eu/db/Bielsko_energy_management_and_efficient_energy_use%20_2013_en.pdf
Thepowerof(extra)ordinarycitizens
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Post-carbonpioneers: Areyou part of theeco-elite?In recent years, the lifestyle of Europeanshas considerably changed, notably asregards food, travel habits, transportchoices and use of new technologies.However, efficiency gains made thanks totechnological progress are often zeroedout by new individual attitudes that favourelectronic gadgets, long-distance travel orspacious flats (rebound effect). How do welive in 2013 and what does this say aboutour ecological footprint?
Three researchers (A.Huber, S.Girard, P.Le
Marre) have looked into sustainable urbansettings in France using the sociocultural
segmentation developed by Sociovisio at theend of the 1990s. It combines the classical
parameters of social classes (revenue, level of
education etc.) with sociocultural factors suchas aspirations, motivations and individual value
systems. The researchers found that the car-
bon footprint varies significantly depending on
the lifestyle. All major influencing factors consi-dered, the annual CO
2emissions are six times
higher for the so-called established milieu
(almost 34,000 kg eq. CO2) than for the so-cal-
led alternative trendsetters (around 4,000 kg
eq.CO2).
In addition to nine citizen profiles, the resear-
chers identified three emerging milieus:
the eco-helpers, the eco-elite and the creativeclass. They are already reflecting major socie-
tal trends including ecological awareness and
the appetite for innovation. Due to their fore-runner status, they influence the lifestyle of
other milieus. Watch out for them as they arelikely to become the pioneers of a post-carbon
society - in France and elsewhere in Europe!
Source: Futuribles no. 392, January-February2013
www.futuribles.com
ECO-ELITE
CREATIVECLASS
ECO-HELPERS
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City o Aberdeen, United Kingdom
Councillor Barney CrockettThrough the MUSIC project(Mitigation in Urban areas:
Solutions for Innovative Cities),
Aberdeen is going through atransition process aiming to
make CO2
reduction an integralpart of urban planning processes. It includes a
series of workshops with a range of stakehol-
ders (businesses, government, research insti-tutes, citizens) which aim at jointly applying
the scientifically underpinned TransitionManagement methodology. It consists of five
phases:
1/ Preparation & Exploration2/ Envisioning & Backcasting
3/ Agenda Building & Target Setting
4/ Experimenting & Implementing5/ Monitoring & Evaluation
The Transition Management methodology
used provides an opportunity to experience
co-creation, an approach where efforts ofthe local authority are aligned with those of
local actors, and can bring about a leap in
terms of sustainable development.
www.drift.eur.nl
Energy transition:Local authoritiessetting theirown rulesThe speed and decisiveness withwhich European countries are
tackling the shift towards a new
energy system is very different,
depending on historical contexts,
infrastructures and political will.
A look at the local level, however,
can provide a different, more positive
picture. Many local authorities
are already mobilised towards a
decentralised, post-carbon energy
future - some of them getting
support from their national level
while others have to challenge their
national government to take action.
Four elected people from European
cities tell us what transition means
from a local perspective.
Member
www.energy-cities.eu
Contributionto
30EnergyCitiesproposalsfortheenergytransitionofcitiesandtowns Empowering
local actors
Concrete proposals at:
www.energy-cities.eu/30proposals
Aberdeen:RussHamer
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Litomice, Czech Republic
Mayor Ladislav ChlupLitomice has long been committed to pro-tecting the environment and using renewable
energy sources. The town is promoting new
eco-friendly technologies by getting heatpumps and solar panels installed as well as
providing financial support for households to
improve their homes energy efficiency.Aiming to become an energy-independent city, Litomice
started a one-of-a-kind geothermal energy project in 2008.The project consists of exploiting a local source of pumped
geothermal energy thanks to 5km deep wells using the
hot dry rock technology. The geothermal CHP plant willproduce 18.4 GWh a year and will cover up to 70% of the
citys total heat consumption. The estimated budget for thewhole project is about 80 million.
Munich, Germany
Joachim Lorenz, Head o the CitysDepartment o Health and theEnvironment
Munichs city council adopted its new Action
Programme for Climate Protection, IHKM(Integriertes HandlungsprogrammKlimaschutz in Mnchen). A budget of almost63 million has been approved for the nexttwo years, aiming for an annual CO
2reduction
of 600,000 tonnes, as compared to 450,000 tonnes withthe former programme.
In 2008, the city set itself a CO2
reduction objective of 50%
by 2030, based on 1990 levels. The programme includes
a large panel of strategic and operational measures, whichinclude thermal retrofitting, involvement of the private sec-tor and an ambitious policy of the municipal energy utility
Stadtwerkeconcerning the development of renewableenergy sources.The German government has given the city a grant to hire
nine Climate Managers. This is a mark of recognition for
the city.
Dijon, France
Jean-Patrick Masson, Deputy Mayor incharge o urban ecology
The National debate on energy transition is
now launched. The issues that were identifiedare of a technical, financial and societal
nature. In my opinion, the major issue is that
of energy decentralisation, an idea supported
by the Local Energy Alliance.Decentralising energy means giving localauthorities expertise in energy production
and distribution as well as in energy spen-
ding control.
Dijon wants to set an example in energy
transition based, in particular, on buildingsthermal retrofitting and the construction
of an urban heat network using 80%of renewable energy and supplying the
densest part of the urban area.
www.energy-cities.eu/-l-alliance-pour-l-energie-locale-
Member
Member
Litomerice:WikimediaCommons
PaolodaReggio
gary718|Shutterstock
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EU funding:egy Ct ppgt gud lcl
uttIn its latest position papers, Energy Citiesstressed that the future EU budget (2014-
2020) and the EIB energy sector lending poli-cies should be closely linked to the five priori-
ties of the EU 2020 strategy and especially to
the EU energy and climate policy.
Both the EU budget and the EIB lendingshould support local and regional authorities
efforts, given their huge potential to contri-
bute to the energy transition in EuropeanMember States. Priority access to funding
should be given to cities that have adopted
a Sustainable Energy Action Plan under theCovenant of Mayors.
Furthermore, the contribution of the
Intelligent Energy Europe (IEE) programme
to the European energy and climate goalsover the past years is undisputed. Therefore,
Energy Cities underlined the importance of
the future IEE III programme as a strongsupport to innovative non-technological solu-
tions, addressing local authorities as the mainactors.
Find Energy Cities position papers on:
www.energy-cities.eu/-POSITIONS,10-What does 40,000 tonnes of CO
2
exactly mean?
40,000 tonnes of C02 that is the impressive saving made by the 12 pioneerEnergy Cities members participating in ENGAGE! Monitored inhabitants of the
participating cities reduced their individual annual CO2
emissions by an incredibleaverage of 12%!
To know how they achieved this:www.citiesengage.eu
Energy for prosperity:EU Commissioner says localauthorities have a lot to offer!Energy Cities members have a lot to
bring to and share with United Nationsentities promoting sustainable energyin developing countries. This is what
EU Commissioner for Development
Andris Piebalgs said, when he metthe associations Board of Directors in
February.More specifically, Mr Piebalgs referred
to the UN Millennium Development
Goals, which notably aim to eradicatepoverty and ensure environmental
sustainability. He stated that localauthorities were the key to achie-
ving these objectives as they aregenerally better organised than natio-
nal governments, ready to learn and to
move faster.
874559466 1,803
StakeholderSCitizenS publiC ServantS/eleCted people
4,152 5,838
422citizens monitored 82organisations monitoredrepresenting
648stakeholders
94entities monitoredrepresenting
212public servants/elected people
884 7,182tonnes of CO
2avoided
40,083tonnes of CO
2avoided since 2011
On average, a citizen hasreduced his/her annual
CO2
emissions by12%
enGaGe, a CommuniCation CampaiGn leadinG to ConCrete enerGy SavinGS
=annual CO
2emissions of
109 European citizens*
tonnes ofCO
2avoided
Organisations: privatecompanies, firms, associations orNGOs
Entities: thelocalauthority orits individual departments, public institutions (suchas libraries, schools, etc.)
*Source: EUenergy infigures statistical pocketbook2012, EuropeanCommission:
CO2percapitafortheEU-27in2009: 8,105kgCO
2/cap
32,017tonnes of CO
2avoided
posters participants posters participants posters participants
Updatesfromthenetwork
On-line: IMAGINE EuropeanResource Centre dedicatedto local energy foresight
Looking for information on energy and terri-
torial cohesion? Tired of surfing on hundredsof different websites? Check out Energy
Cities one-of-a-kind on-line resource centre
IMAGINE.
www.energy-cities.eu/imagine
Initiated in 2006, IMAGINE has progressively
become a real platform for multi-actor dia-
logue.
Organisations: private companies, firms,associations or NGOsEntities: the local authority or its individualdepartments, public institutions (such aslibraries, schools, etc.)
*Source: EU energy in figures statisticalpocketbook 2012, European Commission:CO
2per capita for the EU-27 in 2009:
8,105 kgCO2/cap
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Publications
Energy Cities recommends...
Atlas o UrbanExpansion (2012)The Atlas of Urban Expansionby the Lincoln Institute of Land
Policy provides the geographic
and quantitative dimensionsof urban expansion and its key
attributes in cities all over theworld. The global empirical evi-
dence presented here is criticalfor an intelligent discussion ofplans and policies to manage
urban expansion everywhere.
www.lincolninst.edu/subcenters/atlas-urban-expansion/
Study on inancinggreen growth (2012)This paper presents the mainfunding tools for green growth
currently being used by several
major cities. The transition togreen growth must be viewed
from a long-term perspective,and requires both the develop-
ment of new equipment and
the transformation of existinginfrastructure stock. The invest-
ments required have characte-ristics that make their financingrisky but crucial.
www.oecd.org/gov/regional-policy/WP_Financing_Green_Urban_Infrastructure.pdf
Urban Planning orCity Leaders (2012)This is a valuable source ofinformation, inspiration and
ideas on urban planning that is
designed for city leaders anddecision makers. Predicted
human population growth overthe next 50 years will have
immense consequences for allcities, in particular intermediatecities with populations of up to
two million people.
www.unhabitat.org/pmss/listItemDetails.aspx?publicationID=3385
A guide to developstrategies or buildingenergy renovation(2013)This document published by
the Buildings PerformanceInstitute Europe will help EU
Member States to develop the
first version of their renovationstrategies to be published by
April 2014.This guide is a template that
can be used for strategy
development, setting out themultiple benefits arising from
improving the energy perfor-
mance of buildings. It highlightsthe existence of numerous chal-
lenges to the achievement ofthe potential benefits.
http://bpie.eu/documents/BPIE/Developing_Building_Renovation_Strategies.pdf
enrgy at th hart oth franco-GrmanptpEnergy is a source of dis-agreement between France
and Germany, two countriesthat have adopted very dif-
ferent strategies.In a nutshell, France tends to
think that the German stra-
tegy based on renewable energy is costly andutopian. In contrast, Germany considers that
the priority given by France to nuclear energy
is not suited to the 21st century and does notencourage the emergence of a new economy.
This makes energy co-operation difficult.Experience, however, shows that French and
German cities have much in common when they
talk about energy. Buildings energy retrofitting,renewable energy supply, decentralised energymanagement, sustainable mobility and public
transportation as well as citizens involvement,local economic developments and jobs are com-
mon sources of concern.When cities implement policies focusing on final
uses or their citizens quality of life, when theycommit themselves to reaching the EU energy
and climate objectives through the Covenant ofMayors, all they have are similarities.
The French-German meeting organised by EnergyCities on 19th and 20th March 2013 in Stuttgarton the theme of energy transition clearly demon-
strated that local levels can become recognised,
active players concerning the French-Germanrapprochement in the energy and climate field,
whilst giving Europe new impetus!
Site visits on both sides ofthe Rhine: QuattroPolesEnergietours
Created in 2000, QuattroPole is a vir-tual urban area of 500,000 inhabitantscomposed of four cities - Luxembourg,
Metz, Saarbrcken and Trier - aiming toimplement cross-border and metropolitanco-operation initiatives in order to ensure
strong regional consistency. Energy isan important issue. Each QuattroPole
city proposes an Energietourevery year,that is, a free, bilingual bus trip opento anyone wanting to find out all about
local initiatives focusing on private andpublic, eco-friendly constructions with
rational energy use. These Energietoursare extremely popular, with over 4,700
project managers, architects and crafts-men taking part in these annual trips overthe last 5 years.
Urban PlanningforCity Leaders
Financing Green Urban Infrastructure
OECD Regional Development
Working Papers 2012/10
Merk, O., Saussier,S., Staropoli, C.,Slack, E., Kim,J-H
(2012) , F inanc ingGre e nUrba n Inf r astruc ture ,OEC D
Regional Development Working Papers2012 /10,OE CD
Publishing; http://dc.doi.org/10.1787/5k92p0c6j6r0-en
A GUIDE TO DEVELOPING STRATEGIES FOR
BUILDING ENERGY RENOVATION
DELIVERING ARTICLE 4 OFTHE ENERGY EFFICIENCY DIRECTIVE
http://www.lincolninst.edu/subcenters/atlas-urban-expansion/http://www.lincolninst.edu/subcenters/atlas-urban-expansion/http://www.lincolninst.edu/subcenters/atlas-urban-expansion/http://www.oecd.org/gov/regional-policy/WP_Financing_Green_Urban_Infrastructure.pdfhttp://www.oecd.org/gov/regional-policy/WP_Financing_Green_Urban_Infrastructure.pdfhttp://www.oecd.org/gov/regional-policy/WP_Financing_Green_Urban_Infrastructure.pdfhttp://www.oecd.org/gov/regional-policy/WP_Financing_Green_Urban_Infrastructure.pdfhttp://www.unhabitat.org/pmss/listItemDetails.aspx?publicationID=3385http://www.unhabitat.org/pmss/listItemDetails.aspx?publicationID=3385http://www.unhabitat.org/pmss/listItemDetails.aspx?publicationID=3385http://bpie.eu/documents/BPIE/Developing_Building_Renovation_Strategies.pdfhttp://bpie.eu/documents/BPIE/Developing_Building_Renovation_Strategies.pdfhttp://bpie.eu/documents/BPIE/Developing_Building_Renovation_Strategies.pdfhttp://bpie.eu/documents/BPIE/Developing_Building_Renovation_Strategies.pdfhttp://www.oecd.org/gov/regional-policy/WP_Financing_Green_Urban_Infrastructure.pdfhttp://www.unhabitat.org/pmss/listItemDetails.aspx?publicationID=3385http://www.lincolninst.edu/subcenters/atlas-urban-expansion/