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The History of the Internet
Presented by the St. Martin’s Episcopal Technology Department
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Agenda
• Internet History
• Internet Evolution
• Internet Pioneers
• Internet Growth
• The Future of the Internet
• Conclusion
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Precursors of the Internet
The Internet could not have existed without the two major inventions of the 19th Century, electricity and the telegraph system.
To a lesser degree, broadcast media such as radio and television
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What is the Internet?
Plain and simple:
A worldwide system of interconnected networks and computers.
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What is a Network?
A computer network is an interconnection
of a group of computers.
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Evolution of the Internet
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ARPANET• Was the world's first operational
network, and the predecessor of the global Internet
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ARPANET
• ARPANET was developed by the U.S. Department of Defense. One theory was that it was developed to survive a nuclear attack. That theory is often disputed by scientists.
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The Internet was an Accident!
• The Internet was a result of an unsuccessful military and academic research program!
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Why is it called the Internet?
• Short for “internetworking.”
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The World Wide Web
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• The original Internet provided screens full of text
• Great for sharing info and accessing the Library of Congress
• Text was all one font and size
• BORING!
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GUIs(Graphical User Interface)
• GUIs added some color and layout, but still were not very interesting.
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The World Wide Web Saved the Internet!
• Hyperlinks were invented
www.stmsaints.com
• The mouse was invented to click on hyperlinks
• The URL (Uniform Resource Locater) was invented. This allowed sites to be named.
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Creation of the World Wide Web
• Tim Berners Lee brought all of this together to form the World Wide Web in 1990.
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Mosaic: The First Web Browser
• Very slow
• Did not handle loading pictures very well
• Modems were very slow
• Did not give an indication of the potential of this medium
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1994 – A Big Year for the WWW
• Tim Berners Lee in develops the World Wide Web Consortium to develop standards for the Web
• Netscape is founded
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The Explosion of the Internet
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1994 -- 2000• The Internet exploded during this
period.
• The first commercial site was Amazon.com.
• In 1994 the World Wide Web grew by an astounding 2300 percent!
• Amazon saw that online shopping was the wave of the future.
• The rest is history…
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Browser Wars
• Netscape was the standard until 1998
• It folded and was taken over by AOL
• Microsoft Internet Explorer snagged 96% of the browser market
• IE has only recently been challenged by the excellent Mozilla browser
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Future of the Internet
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Internet II
• So many businesses and private citizens have come online that academic users can't get the high-speed connections they need.
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Internet II
• Organized as a consortium• Led by over 200 universities• Dedicated network for educational and
research purposes
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References
Romeo, J. R., Business Journal (Central New York); 9/6/2002, Vol. 16 Issue 36, p22, 2p
http://www.news.cornell.edu/Chronicle/96/10.31.96/Internet_II.html