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The IMMUNE SystemThe IMMUNE System
Unit 3
Transportation Systems
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Functions of the Immune SystemFunctions of the Immune System• Provide immunity to the body by protecting
against disease.
• Identify and kill pathogens and tumor cells.
• Produces white blood cells and antibodies.
• Filters out organisms that cause disease.
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Structures of the Immune SystemStructures of the Immune System
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TonsilsTonsils
• Lymphoid tissue located on either side of the throat.
• Destroy harmful organisms that enter the body through the mouth.
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Lymph NodesLymph Nodes
• Filters or traps foreign particles.
• Contain white blood cells.
• Found throughout the body in the neck, armpit, chest, abdomen, elbows, groin, and knees.
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White Blood CellsWhite Blood Cells• Protect against infection and disease.
• Produced in the bone marrow and move to other parts of the body until they’re needed to fight infection.
• Not released into the bloodstream until they’re needed.
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Diseases and Diseases and DisordersDisorders
• Human immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
• Lupus
• Mononucleosis
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AIDSAIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency SyndromeAcquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
• Contagious disease comprising the immune system.
• Caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
• Capable of becoming multi drug-resistant.• AIDS is the final stage of the HIV infection.• Average incubation period for AIDS development is
10 years from point of infection.• Characterized by opportunistic infections.• There is no cure.
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HIV HIV Human Immunodeficiency VirusHuman Immunodeficiency Virus
• Affects T cells within the immune system.
• Attacks the RNA of the T cell.
• Causes the T cell to alter its DNA to become HIV.
• When infected T cell replicates, the T cell creates more HIV.
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How AIDS & HIV Affect the BodyHow AIDS & HIV Affect the Body
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LupusLupus
• Chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disorder affecting many organ systems.
• Body’s defenses are turned against itself and immune cells attack healthy tissues.
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MononucleosisMononucleosis
• Also known as the kissing disease.
• Infectious inflammatory disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus.
• Most commonly affects young adults between the ages of 15 and 25.