Download - The need to comprehend clouds IT goes Cloud Athanasios Tsitsipas OMI, University of Ulm, Germany
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The need to comprehend cloudsIT goes CloudAthanasios TsitsipasOMI, University of Ulm, Germany
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The Cloud Hype
• Everybody moves to the cloud• Nothing but benefits, if you believe the advertisements
elastic
always available
secure
access from
anywhere
reliable
virtually endless space
high speedcheap
sounds like…
magic
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• There is NO common answer to that!• The term became popular with Amazon’s
“Elastic Clouds”• No clear concept behind itRelated areas have jumped on the wagonRebranded offerings to “clouds”
Þ Diverging usage Þ Confusion about the term by now
What IS a “Cloud”?
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SO WHAT ARE CLOUDS?source: http://www.sheldoncomics.com
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Cloud Timeline
[1961] John McCarthy: “computing as a utility”[1969] J.C.R. Licklider: “intergalactic computer network”[1993] IETF: Telecom “clouds” = loadbalancing[1999] Salesforce.com: applications over the internet (originally
called “platform computing” or “force.com”)[2001] Microsoft: “clouds” = internet[2006] Amazon EC2: “clouds” = elastic computing infrastructure
(IaaS)[2007] IBM starts “cloud research project”[2007] Dell wants to trademark “cloud computing” (rejected)[2008] Gartner: “clouds shape relationship between consumer and
provider of IT services” [“cloud”=?][2009] Google App Engine: “clouds” = PaaS
Start to use the term “Cloud” widely
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So, what is a “cloud” then?
Different approaches to find a definition in retrospect Þ According to the “Future of Cloud Computing” report:
Terminology
Characteristics
Related Areas
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Types of Clouds
Infrastructure as a Service• exposes resources as data or computing hosts• manage the resources in an elastic fashionExamples: Amazon S3 / EC2, Zimory
Software as a Service• exposes dedicated functionalities as services• services exploit cloud capabilities to ensure availability etc.Examples: Google Docs
Platform as a Service• exposes a platform and typically an API• services can be developed and hosted in this platformExamples: Windows Azure, Google App Engine
Infrastructure as a Service• exposes resources as data or computing hosts• manage the resources in an elastic fashionExamples: Amazon S3 / EC2, Zimory
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Non-Functional Economic Technological
qualities of cloud systems, rather than technological aspects. These include:
• Scalability• Elasticity• Quality of service• Agility and
adaptability• Availability • Reliability• Ease of use• High performance
key driver behind (commercial) cloud systems. Typical interest rests on:
• Cost reduction• Pay per use• Improved time to
market• Return of
investment• CAPEX to OPEX• “Going green”
Arise from realising non-functional / economic concerns. Particular issues:
• Virtualisation• Multi-tenancy• Security, privacy• APIs and / or
programming enhancements
• Metering• Tools in general
General Characteristics of a Cloud
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Essential Cloud Properties
• Offer “services”• Adapt “elastically” to changes in usage, thus
• dynamic number of services• pay as you go (pay per use)• improved resource utilisation
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Prepare datafor email
Send out mass emails
Analyze error logs
IT support
Database Email Server
Dashboard
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Prepare datafor email
Send out mass emails
Analyze error logs
IT support
Database Email Server
Dashboard
Rule-basedanalysis
Rule engine
Drop contact from CRM
Business IT alignment
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Prepare datafor email
Send out mass emails
Analyze error logs
IT support
Database Email Server
Dashboard
Rule-basedanalysis
Rule engine
Drop contact from CRM
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Prepare datafor email X
Send out emails
Send regular mails via post
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Prepare datafor email X
Send out emails
Send regular mails via post
Database as a Service
Customer analysis service
Email service
Cloud provider ACloud provider B
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SLAInvoicing, Payment and Taxed-based Archiving
Business Process Alternatives on CloudMy Selected Business ProcessesBusiness Process Library
Compare Select Cancel
Invoicing and Payment SLA
Direct Invoicing SLA
…
…
…
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Task/Action A Task/Action B Task/Action CLevel-I
Service X JiraLevel-II
Level-III
Jira SaaS @ Atlassian
Jira SaaS @ Provider Y
Jira Self-hosted
Levels of Business Processes (semantics omitted)
Cloud Provider Y Cloud Provider Z
VM
VMVM
Self-hosted
VM
VM
VM
Level-IV
Cloud orchestration and deployment tool
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Business Process as a Service
Infrastracture Services
PaaSSaaS
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Business Process as a Service (BPaaS)
• Companies automating business processes for decades• Forced to Business IT Alignment with manual labor
What they want to address:• Unexpected behaviors? • Increased usage?• Management of middleware, networking or database?• Packaged offerings?
What they get:• Smart Cloud Deployment
• Orchestrate different services, systems or components• Exploit all the capabilities of the Cloud to the business level
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Thank you for your attention.