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The new EU F-Gas Rules and their impact in Europe and globally
By Andrea Voigt, EPEE
Workshop on Hydrofluorocarbon ManagementBangkok – 20 & 21 April 2015
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Why a Phase-Down in Europe?
• Not refrigerant specific: Based on CO2-equivalent
• Technology neutral
• Accelerates move towards lower GWP refrigerants
• Encourages containment & end-of-life recovery
• Promotes recycling
• Fosters innovation and competitiveness yet helps to reach environmental objectives
Photo: BSRIA
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New F-Gas Rules in Europe: Ambitious – Yet Feasible
1. Industry generally welcomes the new rules– Provide regulatory certainty and security for investments– Drive innovation and investments in new technologies
2. Industry supports the phase-down principle– Maintains flexibility and freedom of refrigerant choice
3. Industry deplores a general lack of focus on energy efficiency – Life Cycle Climate Performance assessment should have received
more attention
4. Barriers to the uptake of lower GWP refrigerants need to be urgently tackled.– Standards, building codes, training
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How Industry Assessed Feasibility: The Importance of Solid Data*
1. Market Segmentation– 7 main sectors ; 43 sub-sectors.
2. Assessment of each sub-sector– Market size, market growth rate, refrigerant charge,
leakage rates, energy efficiency and capital cost. – Evaluation of alternative refrigerants: energy efficiency,
capital, operating costs and any potential barriers to use (e.g. safety legislation).
3. Modelling of different scenarios– Assumption of refrigerant mix between now and 2040. – Phase-down scenarios assessed vs. Business-As-Usual– Assessment of economic impact in €/to of CO2SKM Enviros, Ray Gluckman et al. 2012, Phase-down of HFC consumption in the EU
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Assessment of the Economic Impact
Estimated average abatement cost of the EU phase-down
€25 per tonne of CO2 saved*
* Highest Impact Scenario (widespread use of A2L refrigerants)Source: SKM Enviros (Ray Gluckman et al., 2012)
-120
-80
-40
0
40
80
€/tonne CO2 saved*
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3 Top Priorities = 75% of Consumption*
Commercial Refrigeration• R-404A• 40% of consumption
Stationary A/C & Heat Pumps• R-410A, R-407C, (R-22)• 15% of consumption
Mobile A/C• R-134a• 20% of consumption
First Target in EU• Various solutions available• Will achieve 50% of EU
emission reduction goal
Major challenge• High growth rate expected• Move towards (mildly)
flammable refrigerants• Standards, Building codes,
workforce need adaptation
Has already started• EU MAC Directive drives
move towards GWP<150
*Source SKM Enviros, Ray Gluckman et al. 2012: Consumption in CO2-eq. In 2010
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Expected Global Impact
• Imports into the EU need to comply with EU F-gas rules and HFC phase-down in the EU
• Short-term move away from very high GWP refrigerants such as R-404A and R-507
• Uptake of lower GWP refrigerants
• Increased use of mildly flammable and flammable refrigerants
• Adaptation of standards and building codes
• Training of the workforce
• Containment, end-of-life recovery and recycling
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Conclusion
• The EU F-Gas rules will contribute to change on a global level. Also imports need to comply.
• Policy decisions need to be based on solid data.
• There is no one-size-fits-all solution: Global action needs to leave room for growth to ensure energy efficient, safe, affordable and innovative solutions.
• The framework conditions (standards – codes – training of the workforce) require adaptation
Industry has solutions, experience and a solid track
record
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Join us at our side-event on Thursday to discuss global action on HFCs!
Contact details:
EPEE46 Avenue des Arts
1000 Brussels, Belgium
email: [email protected]: www.epeeglobal.org
Twitter: @EPEESecretariat Linkedin: EPEE Secretariat
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Thank you for your attention!