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World War II The Pacific Front
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Doolittle’s Raid – April 18, 1942
15 B-25 bombers, led by James Doolittle, took off from an aircraft carrier.
Bombed factories, steel mills, oil tanks and other military targets in Japan
This hits Japan’s spirits hard “We started to doubt that
were were invincible” – Japanese Civilian leader
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Naval Warfare & Island Hopping
Naval Warfare Fighting was done by
carrier-based airplanes; opposing ships never saw one another or exchanged gunfire
Island Hopping General Douglas
MacArthur wanted to “leapfrog” or bypass Japanese strongholds and get the weaker islands.
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Battles Battle of Midway
Led by Admiral Chester Nimitz
Japanese invasion force of over 110 ships was heading toward Midway!
Nimitz prepared a surprise reception for the Japanese at Midway!
Guadalcanal Japans first defeat 19,000 marines stormed
Guadalcanal in Solomon Islands
Japanese eventually abandon island
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Battle of Saipan - 1944
U.S. wanted to gain an air base for U.S. planes
Japanese were ready and it was a brutal fight!
U.S. eventually takes the island of Saipan
http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/battle-of-saipan
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Battle of Leyte Gulf
Disaster for Japan Lost 3 battleships, 4 aircraft carriers, 13
cruisers and almost 400 planes. U.S. retook the Philippines and
liberated the American prisoners of war!
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Kamikaze’s
Suicide-plane, attacks1 Japanese pilots crashed their bomb-
laden planes into Allied ships 424 kamikaze pilots on missions in
the Philippines
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Battle for Iwo Jima - 1945
“Operation Detachment”
U.S. wanted a place where B-29 bombers could land & needed to invade Japan
5 weeks of fighting
Japanese fought from tunnels and underground caves and dugouts.
Mt. Suribachi http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/battle-of-iwo-jima
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Battle for Okinawa - 1945
“Operation Iceberg”
Largest amphibious assault in Pacific and LAST campaign in the Pacific
More than 1,900 kamikaze attacks on Allied forces during the Okinawa campaign
“It was a scene straight out of hell. There is not other way to describe it” – Japanese girl
http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/battle-of-okinawa