Download - The People of the Plains
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The People of the
Plains
By: Nathalia Lee, Joanna Khammountry & Mark
Batin
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Homes/Habitat• Interior Plains
• Tipis
• Earth Lodges
Grassy prairies and Rocky Mountains.- cold winters and hot summers.
Buffalo hide sewed together to make tipi coverings.- it was light and easy for dogs to carry materials.
Permanent communities lived in shelters called earth lodges made of poles covered in earth to form a dome.
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Tipi made from buffalo hide where Plains people lived in.
A village that uses earth lodges as shelters.
http://www.firstpeople.us/tipi/pt/blackfoot-tipis.jpg
http://daphne.palomar.edu/scrout/AIS120/cat02.jpg
A map of where several plains tribes are located in Canada.
http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com
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Clothing• Tanned buffalo hide – Used to make robes,
moccasins (shoes) and snowshoes.• Men’s clothing – Breech clothes, aprons, leggings,
fur robes and ponchos. - showed society status and accomplishments.
• Women’s clothing – Simple, leather dresses, capes and long sleeves.
• Both men and women wore their hair long and often in braids.
These two are wearing traditional Sioux clothinghttp://whitewolve.com/native_americans/culture.sioux.traditionalclothing.jpg
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http://www.minnehahacounty.org/museums/exhibits/l_c_gifts_mandan/teachers/photo-a-rdy/a26-dress/a26-dress-p0018020.JPG
A simple woman’s dress made from animal hide.
http://www.icollector.com/images/104/17195/17195_0364_1_lg.jpg
Moccasins were shoes also made of animal skin, most likely buffalo hide.
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Subsistence• Food – Buffalo, antelope, deer, elk
- meat was made into pemmican, roasted, smoked or boiled- soups and stews
• Nomads – Plains people traveled long distances to hunt buffalo for food.
• Hunters and Gatherers – Men hunted the buffalos - women gathered fruits, vegetables and prepared
the meats and meals• Before horses arrived, dogs were needed to carry
supplies.– canoes were also used for transportation
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http://firstpeoplesofcanada.com/fp_groups/fp_plains3.html
Hunters disguised as wolves when hunting buffalos.
Meat being hanged to dry.
http://firstpeoplesofcanada.com/images/firstnations/teachers_guide/plains/dryingmeat.jpg
A woman pounding meat to make Pemmican.
http://firstpeoplesofcanada.com/fp_groups/fp_plains3.html
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Tools and Weapons• Hunting knives - Usually made from copper
and sharpened rocks.• Sacks/bags - Used to store foods and water
and even to carry babies.- made from animal hides
• Dishes and spoons were made from wood.
Shields of buffalo skin and blades made from stones were used during hunting.http://www.artamp.com/free-clipart/775-vintage-indian-designs/
A moss bag used to carry babies in.
http://firstpeoplesofcanada.com/fp_groups/fp_plains6.html
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Society
• There were many nations of the Plains – For example, Blackfoot, Assiniboine, Cree, Sioux, Crow and Comanche.
• Bands – People were divided into bands and lived, worked and traveled together.
• Warrior societies – Men belonged to warrior societies. These societies helped make decisions with elders.
• Women took care of the family and household.
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http://www.texasbeyondhistory.net/forts/images/main-apachecamp.jpg
An example of what a plains community looks like. Men were out hunting while women stayed to take care of the home.
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Leadership & Government
• Leadership – They were men with hunting ability, experience and wealth.
• Counsels – Counsels were elders and made the decisions in the band.
• Chiefs – Each band had a chief. Chiefs were usually prophets, elders, valiant warriors or a wealthy person.
Elders told stories to pass down knowledge to younger generations
http://www.ilhawaii.net/~stony/datadown/art/stortell.gif
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Religious/Spiritual Customs
• Spirits – The plains people believed in great spirits. They believed that the spirits would come into their dreams and give them advice also called “Spiritual Guidance”
• Hunters had connections with animals.• Sun dance – An important ritual where
dancers fast and put themselves through pain
A young man performing the sun dance. His chest is pierced as he pulls away from the pole.http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/history/images/hist_sun_dance.jpg
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Cultural Artifacts• Snowshoes made of caribou hide laced
through frames• Baskets, containers, robes,
cradleboards, moccasins decorated with beads and quills.
• Toboggans made from buffalo ribs.• Shields made with buffalo rawhide.
A light bag used to store pemmican
http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0009070
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http://www.texasbeyondhistory.net/forts/images/bag.html
A leather drawstring pouch decorated with beads.
http://dreamcatcher.com/images/DreamCatcher-Legend.jpg
Dream catchers were believed to trap bad dreams and let good dreams flow through.
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Bibliography• Johnson, Michael. Native Tribes of the Plains and Prairie.
Milwaukee. World Almanac Library, 2004.• The Brown Reference Group. Native North American.
Connecticut. Brown Bear Books Limited, 2009• Kalman, Bobbie. Life in a Plains Camp. New York. Crabtree
Publishing Company, 2001• Kalman, Bobbie. Nations of the Plains. New York. Crabtree
Publishing Company, 2001• Stout, Mary. Native American Peoples: Cree. Milwaukee.
Gareth Stevens Publishing, 2004• Banting, Erinn. The Cree. Calgary. Weigl Education Publishers
Limited, 2008• Gianetta, J. For The Hunt. http://
www.saskschools.ca/~gregory/firstnations/tools.html. April 2009• The Plains People. http://firstpeoplesofcanada.com/fp_groups/fp_plains2.html.
2007• Cranny, Michael. Crossroads. Toronto. Pearson Education Canada Inc., 1998