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The State of Semantics
Seth GrimesAlta Plana Corporation
@sethgrimes
Enterprise Search SummitMay 15, 2012
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“A computer would deserve to be called intelligent if it could deceive a human into believing that it was human.”
Our goal? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Alan_Turing_photo.jpg
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Ken Jennings, IBM Watson, and Brad Rutter play Jeopardy!
https://secure.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/wiki/File:Watson_Jeopardy.jpg
Are we there yet?
The Far Side by Gary Larson
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Ingredients:SemanticsPragmaticsSyntax
… and knowledge and structure. “Reading from text in general is a hard
problem, because it involves all of common sense knowledge. But reading from text in structured domains I don’t think is as hard.
It is a critical problem that needs to be solved.” – Edward Feigenbaum
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Semantics: The study and use of meaning and relationships.
Semantics in practice: A dismissive criticism and seven semantic technologies:
“That’s just semantics.”1. Semantic search.2. Semantic navigation.3. Semantic advertising.4. Semantic content enrichment.5. Semantic data integration.6. The Semantic Web.7. Semantic analysis.
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Thus the Orb he roam'dWith narrow search; and with inspection
deep Consider'd every Creature, which of all Most opportune might serve his Wiles.
-- John Milton, Paradise Lost
Eugène Delacroix, St. Michael Defeats the Devil
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Old Search Semantic Search
Search on: keywords + identity, history & context
Sources: content/type silos
Unified
Indexed: terms + metadata (properties)
Returned: hit lists Categories / clusters / answers first
Relevance: PageRank (Inferred) intent
Prevalence: plenty of new platforms with old(ish) search
Plenty of established search with new(ish) capabilities, also wanna-bes.
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New but old: Dumb and siloed
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Better?
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More better?
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What about (2009-10 articles)…
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Meh.
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Information access w/structure, sentiment:
Sentiment
Searchintent?
Context sensitive?
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From search to navigation…Semantic search finds and produces
information that supports the searcher’s immediate goal, across appropriate sources.
Semantic navigation lets the searcher explore the result set via relationships found in the content (and metainformation).
(Advertising is pervasive. When is it semantic?)
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To enrichment and integration…Semantic enrichment and integration join across types and/or sources and/or structures, using the meaningful identifiers, to create an ensemble that is greater than the sum of the parts.
Enrichment and integration involve:• Mappings and transformations.• Aggregation and collection.• All the typical data concerns:
cleansing, profiling, consistency, security,…
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Content, composites, connections.
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CCC 2.
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Where do the semantics come from?Semantic analysis discerns and extracts features including relationships from source materials.
Features = entities, key-value pairs, concepts, topics, events, sentiment, etc.
Semantic analysis may draw on:• Statistics.• Patterns (regular expressions).• Linguistics (lexicons and rules).• Machine learning.
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Semantic analysis fuels:• Text analytics…text-extended BI.• Search and search-based applications.• SEO.
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Text Analytics
As part of a larger solutions...
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Semantic analysis may also apply to:• Audio including speech.• Images.• Video.
http://www.geekosystem.com/facebook-face-recognition/
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167639312000118
http://flylib.com/books/en/2.495.1.54/1/
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Last, the Semantic WebAn assemblage of standards, protocols, and functions.
http://img.freebase.com/api/trans/raw/m/02dtnzv
http://www.cambridgesemantics.com/semantic-university/semantic-search-and-the-semantic-web
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“The Semantic Web has been and remains a parallel, incomplete, never-up-to-date subset of the World Wide Web and the
databases accessible through it.” – self-quote, June 2010
http://img.freebase.com/api/trans/raw/m/02dtnzv
http://www.cambridgesemantics.com/semantic-university/semantic-search-and-the-semantic-web
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The state of semantics?
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Online & social change everything.
http://techpresident.com/news/21618/politico-facebook-sentiment-analysis-bogus
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Pragmatic.
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Personal. Mobile.
http://timoelliott.com/blog/2010/10/sap-businessobjects-augmented-explorer-now-available-resources-to-test-it.html
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Visual.
http://www.readwriteweb.com/archives/new_york_times_longitude.php +
http://beta620.nytimes.com/viewer/longitude/
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Fun.
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The times, they aren’t a-changin’
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The State of Semantics
Seth GrimesAlta Plana Corporation
@sethgrimes
Enterprise Search SummitMay 15, 2012