The State of the Engineering Education Pipeline:
History, Status, and Goals
Robert CassidyErik Dunmire
Overview
• Role of CCC in CA Engineering Education
• Status of CCC Engineering Programs
• Status of ENGR Articulation & Transfer
• Inconsistency in transfer requirements
• Proposed Solution
CA Engineering Transferpre-1999 (Ancient?) History
• > 41% of BS ENGR Degrees from CC Transfers
• The Core = Common Set of LD Courses Required
for Nearly All Engineering Majors & Institutions
• Courses:
Calculus I, II, III, Diff Eqns, Chem IA, IB, Physics IA, IB, IC
Engineering: Intro, Graphics, Statics, Materials, Circuits
Computer Programming
Community Colleges still represent a major part of the Engineering Education Pipeline in CA
Estimates from CPEC data.
CSU
CCC
UC
41%
23%
33% B.S. Engineers
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 20070
100000
200000
300000
400000
500000
600000
Number of Latino Students
UC CSU CC
especially in terms of under-represented students
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 800
5
10
15
20
25Size Distribution of CC Engineering Programs
Engineering Transfers to UC + CSU in 2010
Fre
qu
ency
(#
of
coll
eges
) 80% of CCs transfer 30 or fewer
Engineering students per year
but these transfers are highly distributed.
CC Engineering course offerings are therefore limited.
Intro to Engr
Graphics
Materials Science
Statics
Circuits
Matlab
Dynamics
Mechanics of Matls
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%100%
Frequency of Course Offerings by CCC Engineering Programs
Every semester Once per year Not available
Percentage of Colleges Surveyed
CA Higher Ed: Largest System in the World
112 CCs a Mess!23 CSUs 10 UCsx ( + ) x 5 courses =
Course-to-Course Articulation:
Calc I, II, III
Diff Eq & L.A.
Physics I, II
Physics III
Gen Chem I
Gen Chem II
Intro Design
Graphics
Solid Mech
Materials
Circuits
Intro Progr
Adv Progr
Data Struct
Thermo
Bioengineering X X X X R R1 R1 R
Bio/Materials X X X X R R R R
Chemical X R X X X R R R
Civil X X X X1 X X1 R R R4 R
Computational X X X X3 X X3 R X3 R
Electrical/Comp X X X X X R R R R R
Environmental X X X X3 X X3 X3 R
Industrial X X X X R R2 R2 R2 R2 R R R2
Manufacturing X X X X R R R R R
Materials X X X X X X R R R R
Mechanical X X X X R R R R R
Nuclear X X X X X R R R R
Inconsistency Among Majors (at UCB)
R = Recommended X = Required 1 choose one 2 choose two 3 choose three 4 specialized Civil Materials course only
MAJORSCOURSES
Inconsistency Among Institutions (for Civil)Calc I, II, III
Diff Eqns
Linear Alg
Physics I, II
Physics III
Gen Chem I
Gen Chem II
Intro
Graphics
Statics
Materials
Circuits
Comp/Progr
Strgth Matls
Dynamics
Surveying
Geology
UC Berkeley X X2 X2 X X1 X X1 R4 R2 R6 R7 R R2 R
UC Davis X X X X X X X X X X X R
UC Irvine X R R X R X R R5 R R R
UCLA X X X X X X X R2 R X R R2
Cal Poly SLO X X2 X2 X X X R R5 R X X X R R R R
CSU Chico X X X X1 X X1 X4 X X X X X X X1
CSU Fresno X X X X X X5 X X X X X X
CSU Fullerton X X2 X2 X X X X X
CSU LA X X X X X X X X X X X X X
CSU LB X X X X X X3 X X X6 X X
CSUS X X X X X X1 X X X X1 X
SDSU X X X X X5 X X X
SF State X X2 X2 X X X X3 X X X X X X X
San Jose State X X X1 X X X X1 X4 X2 X X X X2 X
R = Recommended X = Required 1 choose one 2 combined course3 Careers/soft skills 4 Design 5 specialized Intro to Civil only6 specialized Civil Materials course only 7 microelectronic circuits
Inconsistency in Content (Programming)
Aero
Biochem
Biomed
Chemical
Civil
Computer
Electrical
Envirmtl
Industrial
Manufrng
Materials
Mech
Nuclear
Structural
UC Berkeley - 9 9 Any 9 10 10 9 9 9 9 9 9 -
UC Davis - 10 8 10 8 1,2 2,8 - - - 10 8 - -
UC Irvine 3 - 5 2 2 5 1 2 - - 3 3 - -
UC Los Angeles 2 - 2 2 2 2 2 - - - 2 2 - -
UC Riverside - - 2 2 - 2 2 2 - - 2 7,8 - -
UC San Diego 2 2 2 2 - 4 1 2 - - - 2 - 9
UC Santa Barbara - - - 6 - 4 1 - - - - 6 - -
UC Santa Cruz - - - - - 1 1 - - - - - - -
Cal Poly SLO 0 - 7 - 7 2 2 6,7 7 7 6,7 6,7 - -
CSU Chico - - - - 0 2 2 - - - 0 - - -
CSU Fresno - - - - 2 2 2 - - - - 2 - -
CSU Fullerton - - - - 0 2 2 - - - - 1 - -
CSU LA - - - - 3 - 1 - - - - 3 - -
CSU LB 2 - - 2 2 2 2 - - - - 2 - -
CSU Sacramento - - - - 0 1 1 - - - - 10 - -
San Diego State 0 - - - 7 2 2 7 - - - 7 - -
SF State - - - - 2 2 2 - - - - 2 - -
San Jose State 2 - - 0 2 4 2 2 2,4 - 0 2 - -- Major not offered 0. No required course 1. C 2. C++
3. Fortran 4. Java 5. Python 6. C/MATLAB7. Excel/MATLAB 8. MATLAB problem-solving focus 9. MATLAB programming10. Other
Impacts on StudentsData from RP Group (The Research & Planning Group for Calif. Community Colleges)
Surveys and Data Analysis of Transfer Engineering Graduates
• A Long & Leaky Pipeline: …
• “Inconsistent lower-division major requirements represent a
significant barrier to transfer for Engineering students.”
Complexity of academic planning, Large number of pre-transfer units,
and Long times to transfer (84% took >2 years, 38% took >4 years)
• Decreasing availability of CC Engineering courses causes
Swirl (attend multiple CCs), Incomplete LD Prep, Decreased success
• Long time to degree 61% >= 6 years total, 26% >= 8 years total
And remember, these were the “Completers”!
The SolutionProposed
^
C-ID Course Identification System
112 CCs Better23 CSUs 10 UCs( + + ) x 5 C-IDs =
Course-to-CID Articulation:
Calc I, II, III
Diff Eq
Physics I, II
Physics III
Gen Chem I
Intro
Graphics
Statics
Materials
Circuits
Intro Programming
Progr MATLAB
Data Structures
Discrete Structures
Surveying
Dynamics
Strength of Materials
Aero/Mech/Manu X X X X1 X X X X X X X4 X4 R R
Civil X X X X1 X X X X X X2 X4 X4 X2
Computer/SW X X X X1 X X X3 X X X
Electrical X X X X1 X X X3 X
Consistency Among Majors
R = Recommended X = Required 1 may be required 2 CC may offer Surveying if available
3 with lab 4 choose C++ or MATLAB course
MAJORSCOURSES
Consistency Among Institutions (for Civil)Calc I, II, III
Diff Eqns
Physics I, II
Physics III
Gen Chem I
Intro
Graphics
Statics
Materials
Circuits
Intro /Progr
MATLAB
Surveying
UC Berkeley X X X X1 X X X X X X2 X3 X3 X2
UC Davis X X X X1 X X X X X X2 X3 X3 X2
UC Irvine X X X X1 X X X X X X2 X3 X3 X2
UCLA X X X X1 X X X X X X2 X3 X3 X2
Cal Poly SLO X X X X1 X X X X X X2 X3 X3 X2
CSU Chico X X X X1 X X X X X X2 X3 X3 X2
CSU Fresno X X X X1 X X X X X X2 X3 X3 X2
CSU Fullerton X X X X1 X X X X X X2 X3 X3 X2
CSU LA X X X X1 X X X X X X2 X3 X3 X2
CSU LB X X X X1 X X X X X X2 X3 X3 X2
CSUS X X X X1 X X X X X X2 X3 X3 X2
SDSU X X X X1 X X X X X X2 X3 X3 X2
SF State X X X X1 X X X X X X2 X3 X3 X2
San Jose State X X X X1 X X X X X X2 X3 X3 X2
R = Recommended X = Required 1 may be required 2 CC may offer Surveying if available
3 with lab 4 choose C++ or MATLAB course
Consistency in Content
C-ID
(Course Identification Numbering System)
Course Descriptors
C-ID From a 4-Year Perspective
UC Irvine Engineering is currently maintaining 2,407 course syllabi from 110 California Community Colleges, or 22 courses per school on average
UCI Engineering articulates 68 distinct required courses
C-ID offers 39 descriptors that overlap with UCI Engineering required courses
Articulating with C-ID would reduce the number of course reviews by at least 75% (approx. 1800 reviews), and provide a roadmap to articulate with CalState
UCI, along with many other UCs are under increasing pressure to articulate with universities outside of California as well as with international universities, but faculty and staff lack the bandwidth to handle this additional load
UCI Assist C-IDAllan Hancock College CHEM 150 CHEM 150 American River College CHEM 400 CHEM 400 Berkeley City College CHEM 1A CHEM 1A El Camino College CHEM 1A CHEM 1A Cerritos College CHEM 111 CHEM 111 Cerro Coso Community College
CHEM C111 CHEM C111
Chabot College CHEM 1A CHEM 1ACitrus College CHEM 111 CHEM 111 Columbia College CHEM 1A CHEM 1A or (CHEM 2A and
CHEM 2AL)Contra Costa College CHEM 120 CHEM 120Crafton Hills College CHEM 150 CHEM 150 or CHEM 150HCosumnes River College CHEM 400 CHEM 400 Cuesta College CHEM 201A CHEM 201ACuyamaca College CHEM 141 CHEM 141 Cypress College CHEM 111AC CHEM 111AC De Anza College CHEM 1A CHEM 1A and CHEM 1B Diablo Valley College CHEM 120 CHEM 120Evergreen Valley College CHEM 1A CHEM 1A Feather River College CHEM 102 CHEM 102 Fresno City College CHEM 1A CHEM 1A Fullerton College CHEM 111AF CHEM 111AF Gavilan College CHEM 1A CHEM 1A Golden West College CHEM G180 CHEM G180Hartnell College CHM 1A CHM 1A Imperial Valley College CHEM 200 CHEM 200Irvine Valley College CHEM 1A CHEM 1A
76 schools offer C-ID approved CHEM 110 General Chemistry with Lab courses. All 76 courses are identical to (or better than) UCI ASSIST entries.
UCI can replace 76 school-school agreements by articulating to a single C-ID course.
Comparison of UCI Assist and C-ID for CHEM 110 (General Chemistry with Lab)
C-ID From a 4-Year Perspective
Universities are not prevented from continuing school-school agreements for courses that lack C-ID descriptors or for tailored courses from key feeder schools
Course development is a significant challenge for community colleges with small engineering populations and C-ID descriptors are the easiest path for new courses to be developed
Aligning around C-ID reduces friction for students to transfer and to keep multiple schools as viable options. Students always cover their bases.
The time to grow engineering programs at California Community Colleges is now:
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 20140
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
Engineering CCC Transfer Applications to UC System-wide
2008-2014
CA Resident Dom. Non-Res. Intl.
Unduplicated transfer applications for engineering from CCC to the UC system have increased from 1,871 in 2008 to 4,663 in 2014.
Demand for engineering transfer has never been higher and with an average of 42 students per year per CCC, expanded course offerings are viable and the most realistic path for expanding offerings is by aligning with C-ID.