Download - The Thirty Years’ War
The Thirty Years’ War
AP European HistoryUnit 2/Ch. 15 – Statebuilding in the 17th Century
Ms. Tully - UHS
An “Age of Crisis”
Yearning for order Increased gov’t power
“Little Ice Age” Vulnerability in villages
Economic recession in most of Europe
Background to the Thirty Years’ War
Militant Catholicism vs. Militant Calvinism & Bourbons vs. Habsburgs
Peace of Augsburg (1555) Did not account for Calvinism
Formation of Protestant Union (1608) Formation of Catholic League (1609) Habsburg consolidation resisted by princes
The Bohemian Phase (1618-1625)
Bohemia traditionally resisted Catholicism Habsburg Archduke Ferdinand elected king in 1617 Defenestration of Prague – May 1618 Ferdinand deposed, replaced with Elector Frederick V Ferdinand (HRE) allied with Duke Maximilian of Bavaria Battle of White Mountain, Nov. 8, 1620 Ferdinand reestablished as King of Bohemia, now a
hereditary Habsburg possession
Danish Phase (1625-1629)
Intervention of King Christian IV of Denmark Albrecht of Wallestein – appointed by HRE
Ferdinand to lead Catholic/Imperial army Denmark defeated by Catholic League in 1626 Edict of Restitution, 1629
Swedish Phase (1630-1635)
Arrival of Swedish king Gustavus Adolphus
Battle of Lutzen, 1632
Battle of Nordlingen, 1634
Edict of Restitution annulled
Franco-Swedish Phase (1635-1648)
Religious issue losing significance Battle of Rocroi, 1643 Not decisive overall victory
Outcomes of the War
1648 – Peace of Westphalia ended war Clearly separation between religion & politics Beginning of modern international order Many areas of Germany devastated Part of “military revolution”
Classwork
Read The Face of War in the Seventeenth Century on p. 453 & respond to the prompt.
This will go straight into the Classwork section of your portfolio.