Download - Thriving in Tough Times
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Thriving in Tough Times
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Crown Pruning
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ObjectiveThe objective of pruning is to produce strong, healthy, attractive plants. By understanding how, when and why to prune, and by following a few simple principles, this objective can be achieved
Reasons For PruningThe main reasons for pruning ornamental and shade trees include safety, health, and aesthetics. In addition, pruning can be used to stimulate fruit production and increase the value of timber
How to Prune a Tree
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Producing strong structure should be the emphasis when pruning young trees. As trees mature, the aim of pruning will shift to maintaining tree structure, form, health and appearance.
Pruning Approaches
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How to Prune a Tree
Crown thinning, primarily for hardwoods, is the selective removal of branches to increase light penetration and air movement throughout the crown of a tree. The intent is to maintain or develop a tree's structure and form.
Pruning CutsPruning cuts should be made so that only branch tissue is removed and stem tissue is not damaged
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Pruning Practices that Harm Trees
Topping and tipping are pruning practices that harm trees and should not be used. Crown reduction pruning is the preferred method to reduce the size or height of the crown of a tree, but is rarely needed and should be used infrequently.
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When to Prune
Conifers may be pruned any time of year, but pruning during the dormant season may minimize sap and resin flow from cut branches.
Generally speaking, the smaller a branch is when pruned, the sooner the wound created will seal
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Pruning Guidelines
To encourage the development of a strong, healthy tree, consider the following guidelines when pruning.
Prune first for safety, next for health, and finally for aesthetics. Never prune trees that are touching or near utility lines; instead consult your local utility company
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Guidelines for Pruning
Assess how a tree will be pruned from the top down
Removing too many lower branches will hinder the development of a strong stem.
"How to Prune Trees" was written to help people properly prune the trees they care about. If you doubt your ability to safely prune large trees, please hire a professional arborist. Information in this publication can be used to interview and hire a competent arborist.
Adapted from USDA Forest Service Guidelines
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Experience
“Experience teaches nothing. But evaluated experience teaches everything. ~ Ask yourself, "What did I learn today?"” – John Maxwell
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First things First
Plan Strategic Plan – Board adopted
Include Stake Holders Set District Goals – Outline Purpose
Prioritize Determine Highest & Best Use Prune furthest from classroom first
Prune or Work the Plan
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CHANGE
Change is the only Constant,
today and in the future
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Current Financial System ADA Based System
Demographic Study Student Growth Projections Review student counts- example sibling search for low SES
students
Class Size Efficiency Policy to set minimum class size Attendance Zones for Elementary Multiple campuses look to overflow and or share staff
Personnel Study Examine Staff Efficiency Personnel allotments
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Current Financial System
Leverage Technology On Line Training, PDAS
Review Benefits Rebid all Personnel Benefits
Eliminate Unnecessary Bid Insurance
Change dates of insurance if they are not aligned to fiscal year, one time savings
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Audit
Revenue Maximize current system
PEIMS Accurate coding for special programs Course Description numbers
Vocational Transportation
Maximize Routes – reduce Route funding
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Audit
Maintenance HVAC Replacement Roof Warranty vs replacement
I&S Refinance Check for possible current M&O
charges to I&S
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Other Options Change fiscal years, one time savings of two months
no salary operations Charge indirect cost to federal programs Early retirement incentives, only work if you don’t
replace Charge participation fees Ticket prices at gates and meals Parking at events Construction, charge applicable hours to bond fund Construction Management Agent
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Still More Options
Change uniforms for employees Suspend incentives (like masters reimbursement
plans) Eliminate catering and snacks for meetings Coop Services & Purchasing Review & Rebid telephone service Decrease printing and mailing
Leverage Technology Reduce testing outside of TAKS Deplete inventories of supplies Sell surplus property
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Audit
Programs for alignment with Plan PEIMS Pupil Transportation & Staff
Transportation
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Wrap Up
Energy Management $50 per hour 650 student
Elementary PEIMS audit – students average value
is $32 per day, 1000 students 1% attendance= $3200
Vocational programs same course different number
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Highest Percentage of Budget
Personnel Utilities Maintenance Transportation
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PURPOSE
PRIORITIES
PLAN
PREPARE
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Crown Pruning