Thursday, September 24
TODAY’S AGENDA• Nutrition Quiz• Health Effects of
Tobacco• Why People Use
Tobacco
Chapter 9Tobacco
Lesson 9.1 The Health Effects of Tobacco
Lesson 9.2 Why People Use Tobacco
Lesson 9.3 Treating and Preventing Nicotine Addiction
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What do you know about Tobacco?
• KAHOOT.IT
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Warm-Up
The Health Effects of Tobacco
Lesson 9.1
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Warm-Up
shutterstock.com/rui vale sousa
Other affected areas:• Endocrine system• Immune system
Which parts of the body may be damaged by tobacco use over time?
Nervous system Eyes Mouth
Lungs Cardiovascular system
Digestive system Urinary system Reproductive system
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Tobacco Products
• Leaves of tobacco plants contain nicotine
• Nicotine is an addictive, toxic substance
thinkstock.com/iStock/nanoqfu
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Cigarettes
• Most common method of tobacco use
• Other methods: cigars, pipes (including hookah pipes), smokeless tobacco, and electronic or e-cigarettes
thinkstock.com/iStock/pmphoto
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Smokeless Tobacco
• Chewing tobacco— strands of tobacco are chewed or held in the mouth
• Snuff —finely ground tobacco is inhaled or held in the mouth
• Nicotine is absorbed through mouth tissues
shutterstock.com/Shane Trotter
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Hookah Pipe
• As tobacco burns, smoke passes through a water chamber and cools before being inhaled
thinkstock.com/iStock/nata789
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Electronic Cigarettes
• A liquid solution containing nicotine is vaporized and inhaled
• Marketed as aid for smokers trying to quit
shutterstock.com/Sergey Ash
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State's e-cig rules could become toughest in U.S.
• http://www.king5.com/story/news/local/olympia/2015/03/16/vaping-e-cigarette-olympia-pollet/24877451/
• What about e-cigarettes? – Some Washington counties have local laws that
prohibit the use of e-cigarettes in public places, just like cigarettes. As of March 2015, Whatcom County does not prohibit e-cigarette use in public places.
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Think Further
The use of smokeless tobacco, hookah pipes, and e-cigarettes is safer, healthier, and less addictive than smoking cigarettes.
MYTH– Fact: Smokeless tobacco is linked to cancers of
the oral cavity, throat, and digestive system.– Fact: Hookah smokers are exposed to at least as
many toxins as cigarette smokers.– Fact: Each method can cause addiction since
each delivers nicotine into the body.
Myth or Fact?
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E-Cigarettes
VIDEO
9/28/15 1st Period
9/28/15 3rd Period
9/28/15 5th period
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Monday, September 28 “C” Day
• Finish Group Project & Submit to Mr. Nolan
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Group Project
• Mr. Nolan’s Email Address• [email protected]
– Email your project to Mr. Nolan– Make sure your teammates names are on your
project.– Put your class period on your project– After you have submitted your project, get a ‘Group
Scoring Rubric’ from Mr. Nolan. – Complete your ‘Group Scoring Rubric’ and turn in to
Mr. Nolan
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Cardiovascular System
• Smokers are twice as likely to die from heart attacks as nonsmokers
• Carbon monoxide interferes with the oxygen-carrying ability of red blood cells so the heart receives less oxygen
shutterstock.com/BioMedical
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How Nicotine Affects the Heart
Nicotine enters bloodstream
Blood vessels narrow and
adrenaline is released
Heart and breathing rates, and blood
pressure increase
Heart works harder to pump blood through body
Blood flow restricted by build- up of fatty deposits
in vessel walls
Increased risk of heart attack or
stroke
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The Respiratory System
• Air travels through the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and into the bronchi in the lungs
• Respiratory and cardiovascular systems deliver oxygen to cells and remove and expel carbon dioxide
Click here for the “Airflow In and Out of the Lungs” animation
Body Scientific International, LLC
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Gas Exchange in Lungs
Body Scientific International, LLC
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Critical Thinking
Which balloon best represents a smoker’s lung?
The balloon on the right is more like a lung damaged by smoking, which can’t hold as much oxygen as a healthy lung
thinkstock.com/iStock/Piotr Marcinski; thinkstock.com/iStock/T.W. van Urk
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Lungs: Before and After Smoking
• Over time, smoking damages the lungs
• The healthy lung (left) belongs to a nonsmoker and the other is that of a smoker
• Smoking during the teenage years can stunt the growth of the lungs
Science Source/Arthur Glauberman
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70 Carcinogens in Tobacco Smoke
thinkstock.com/iStock/empire331
NicotineTar
Carcinogens
Carbon Monoxide
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Toxic Chemicals Found in Tobacco Products Also Found in…
• Embalming fluid• Rat poison• Pesticides• Car exhaust • Lighter fluid• Battery acid• Nail polish remover• Road-paving material
• Hair dye• Mothballs• Rocket fuel• Paint• Rubber cement• Battery acid• Household cleaners
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Smoking-Related Diseases
• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Chronic bronchitis (bronchial tubes become
swollen and irritated and pathways to lungs narrowed)
• Emphysema (sacs of air in lung tissue are destroyed)
• Lung Cancer• Abnormal cells grow rapidly and form a mass of
cells, or tumor, that interferes with breathing
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Immune System
• Smoking weakens immune system — organs, tissues, and cells that fight off disease-causing agents
• Smokers get sick more often than nonsmokers
thinkstock.com/iStock/ATIC12
Click here for the Unit 4 video, “A Day in the Life”
ENERGIZER ACTIVITY
• FIT DECK
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Think Further Myth or Fact?
Smokers are popular, sophisticated, and glamorous
MYTH– Fact: Smokers often have
yellow teeth, bad breath, smelly hair and clothes.
– Fact: Smokers are viewed by other teens as unhealthy, foolish, and not very bright.
shutterstock.com/Nejron Photo
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Impact of Secondhand Smoke
• Secondhand smoke is dangerous
• To protect the public, smoking is banned in many public areas
• Those most harmed by secondhand smoke are infants, children, and pregnant women
shutterstock.com/Lester Balajadia
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Children and Secondhand Smoke
• Children regularly exposed to secondhand smoke have more• respiratory problems,
including asthma attacks
• ear infections• sore throats
shutterstock.com/Elena Kouptsova-Vasic
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Pregnant Women and Smoking
• Women who smoke while pregnant raise the risk their children will • be born prematurely• have a low birth weight • die of Sudden Infant
Death Syndrome (SIDS)• develop behavioral
problems
thinkstock.com/iStock/Chris Williams
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Critical Thinking
• Avoid places where smoking is permitted
• Don’t accept car rides from people who smoke while driving
• Ask smokers to go outdoors to smoke
• Increase indoor air circulation to dissipate smoke
• Support smokers who want to quit
shutterstock.com/Thomas Lauridsen
How can you avoid secondhand smoke?
Why People Use Tobacco
Lesson 9.2
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Addiction
• Each day in the United States, • 3,200 teenagers smoke their first cigarette • 2,100 teenagers and young adults who were
occasional smokers become daily smokers
• Yet 9 out of 10 teenagers do not smoke
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Four Stages of Substance Abuse
1
• Experimentation• User uses a substance “just to try it”
2
• Regular Use• User develops habit of regularly using substance
3
• Tolerance• User’s body needs more and more of substance to
achieve the same effects
4
• Dependency and Addiction• User relies on the substance to function or feel “normal” • Habit interferes with personal responsibilities and
relationships
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Friday, March 27 “B” Day
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The Slippery Slope to Addiction
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Critical Thinking
What is a physical versus a psychological dependence?
Dependence is physical when the body needs a certain amount of a substance to function normally; psychological dependence causes people to believe they need a substance to feel “normal”
shutterstock.com/studio online
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Social Factors
• Parents’ attitudes• Friends and peers
– Teens who have friends who smoke are much more likely to smoke themselves
shutterstock.com/Pavel L Photo and Video
Treating and Preventing
Nicotine Addiction
Lesson 9.3
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Benefits of Quitting
• Within days of quitting, • blood pressure and
heart rate decrease• coughing abates
• Within a year of quitting,• risk of heart attack and
cancer decrease
shutterstock.com/Gang Liu
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Treating Nicotine Addiction
• Nicotine replacement• Examples: Nicotine
gum and nicotine patch
• Medication• Drugs help smokers
cope with withdrawal symptoms
shutterstock.com/bikeriderlondon
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Treating Nicotine Addiction
• Self-Management Strategies– Stimulus control, or
avoiding tempting situations– Response substitution, or
substituting smoking with stress management, relaxation, and coping skills
shutterstock.com/Oguz Dikbakan
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Critical Thinking
What resources can smokers use to quit?
• Individual and group counseling
• School guidance counselors
• Doctors• Telephone helplines• Online resources
shutterstock.com/Djomas
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Prevention
• Close to 90% of adults who smoke regularly had their first cigarette by 18 years of age
• Prevention is the best way to reduce the smoking rate
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Government-Based Strategies
• Banning the sale of tobacco products (to people younger than 18 years of age, for example)
• Banning smoking in public places• Increasing taxes on cigarettes• Requiring warning labels on packaging• Mass media antismoking campaigns
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http://safeshare.tv/w/LoqnJXhals
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Disadvantages of Smoking
• Many nonsmoking teens view smoking as “gross”
• 8 in 10 eighth graders surveyed said they prefer to date people who do not smoke
thinkstock.com/iStock/Martin Novak
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Smoking and Your Wallet
• Pack of cigarettes costs between $5 and $14, depending on local tax rates
• Cost of a pack-a-day habit at $7 a pack:• $213 per month• $2,557 per year• $25,570 per decade
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Social Costs of Tobacco Use
• One-half million adults will die prematurely from smoking this year
• Total economic costs due to tobacco are over $289 billion a year
shutterstock.com/baur
—2014 Surgeon General’s Report
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Critical Thinking
Research and Calculate
Figure out the financial cost of a pack-a-day habit in your area:
• per month• per year• per decade
shutterstock.com/Hurst Photo
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Refusal Skills
• Make sure people know you don’t want to use tobacco or breathe secondhand smoke
• Firmly explain your reasons for not smoking and stick to your decision
• Imagine situations in which you are offered tobacco and practice your responses
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Refusal Phrases
• “No, thanks... • I want to keep my lungs in peak condition for
[insert sport or activity].”• I don’t want my hair, clothes, and breath to
smell like cigarettes.”• I like my lungs. I don’t want to damage them.”
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Think Further
What other words can you use to turn down an offer of a tobacco product?
What body language can you use to reinforce your words?
shutterstock.com/milias1987
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Literacy and Critical Thinking Skills
• Tobacco companies make products, such as flavored cigars and cigarettes, that appeal to young people
• To counter this, think critically about tobacco products and messages from tobacco companies
shutterstock.com/vidguten
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Tobacco Practice Test
• Answer questions 1 through 25 on the Practice Test.
• When finished, turn your practice test into Mr. Nolan and find something quiet to do at your desk.