MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT AND INFRASTRUCTURE
REGIONAL COMMISSION TÜBINGEN – STATE OFFICE FOR ROAD ENGINEERING BADEN-WÜRTTEMBERG
Traffic ManagementBased on Intelligent Concepts
IMP
RIN
T
EDITOR
Regional Commission Tübingen State Office for Road Engineering Baden-Württemberg Road Traffic Centre Baden-Württemberg Heilbronner Strasse 300 – 302 D-70469 Stuttgart
www.svz-bw.de
November 2011
CONCEPTION AND ORGANIZATION Orel & Unger communication-services GmbH
DISTRIBUTOR NOTES
The Baden-Württemberg State Governmentissued this publication in the context of itsconstitutional obligation to inform the public.It must not be used by parties or their candida-tes or assistants during an election campaignfor the purpose of campaign advertising. Thisapplies to all elections.
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Political parties are, however, permitted touse this publication for the information of theirmembers.
NOTES
0303Preface – Winfried Hermann
PREFACEWINFRIED HERMANNMinister of Transport and Infrastructure
“It is especially important to use our transport
infrastructure efficiently and intelligently in future.”
As an industrial location and transit country, Baden-
Württemberg depends on a well-developed and intact
road infrastructure. Considering the density of the
existing road network, the settlement density and the
requirement to reduce land use, the coalition agreement
of the green-red government in Baden-Württemberg
foresees the building of new roads only in justified
single cases. To ensure road infrastructure, we must
concentrate more strongly on maintenance in future.
Improved “inventory management” includes the efficient
use of the available infrastructure by traffic control and
traffic management, by the use of “intelligent transport
systems”. I am committed to intensively advance the
existing approaches in the next few years. We will
not get ahead on promises to build roads that are not
financially viable and feasible for years.
In future, it will be a matter of successfully establishing
a “proactive traffic management“ together with all
stakeholders and understanding this as an important
component of the provision of road infrastructure.
We can rely on a most advanced traffic control centre
in Baden-Württemberg, developed on behalf of the
national government. This centre will be the “blue-
print” for future traffic control centres in Germany. In
addition, we are accelerating the implementation and
expansion of traffic control systems on highly loaded
routes. The experience in Germany and in Europe
shows that tangible improvements can be achieved
with regard to traffic safety and capacity.
The Road Traffic Centre Baden-Württemberg plays a
central role. It puts us into the position to guide the
traffic flows safer and to operate the traffic control
systems in accordance with the quality standards. In
addition, the Road Traffic Centre provides traffic infor-
mation services, such as information on construction
sites and webcams that are available for everyone on
the Internet. Based on the bundled expertise of its staff,
the Road Traffic Centre is at the core of any efficient
road traffic management activities.
Winfried Hermann,
Minister of Transport and Infrastructure
04
PR
EFA
CE
04Preface – Hermann Strampfer
HERMANN STRAMPFER
This brochure gives an update on the extensive tasks of the Road Traffic
Centre Baden-Württemberg. According to the transport-related mandate of
the Baden-Württemberg State Government, transport safety and efficiency on
the highly loaded roads are to be improved also through the implementation
of advanced traffic control systems. The new, modern traffic control centre in
the State Office for Road Engineering Baden-Württemberg, Department 9 of
the Regional Commission Tübingen, carries out this assignment.
Regional Commissioner
The traffic control centre, since 2009 in its new pre-
mises in the headquarter of the State Office for Road
Engineering Baden-Württemberg in Stuttgart-Feuer -
bach, belongs to one of the nation’s most advanced
facilities of its kind. The relocation at the Stuttgart
site created ideal conditions for the operation of
the available traffic control systems as well as for the
planning and implementation of new, innovative ones.
The design and operation of the central traffic infor-
mation system of the road administration (www.svz-
bw.de) is carried out by the Road Traffic Centre
Baden-Württemberg. The above website provides
you, among others, with the traffic situation on the
federal motorways as well as with images of traffic
cameras in areas subject to congestion. Check out
this service and give us your feedback.
Yours sincerely
Hermann Strampfer,
Regional Commissioner
0505Contents
CO
NT
EN
TS
CONTENTS
ANNEX
06 08 10 12
14 16 18 19
MOTORWAYS IN
BADEN-WÜRTTEMBERG
OBJECTIVES AND
TASKS OF THE ROAD
TRAFFIC CENTRE
TRAFFIC
INFORMATION
FUNCTIONS AND
TASKS OF THE TRAFFIC
CONTROL CENTRE
LINE CONTROL
AND RAMP
METERING SYSTEMS
TUNNEL
MONITORING
CONSTRUCTION
SITES ON MOTORWAYS
REROUTING
SYSTEMS
20THE BASE SYSTEM OF
THE TRAFFIC CONTROL CENTRE
22BADEN-WÜRTTEMBERG
TRAFFIC MONITORING
ANNEX
06
MO
TO
RW
AY
SMOTORWAYS IN BADEN-WÜRTTEMBERG
HIGHLY LOADED TRANSPORT ROUTES IN THE STATE.
06Motorways
*Source: “Strassenverkehr in Baden-Württemberg”, brochure edited by the Regional Commission Tübingen
0
10 000
20 000
30 000
40 000
50 000
60 000
1980 1990 2000 2010
The motor vehicle density has increased steadily in the past. Each road
user, who is regularly participating in transport, knows this from personal
experience.
The figures of the annual average daily traffic volume (AADT) confirm
this subjective impression. The annual average daily traffic volume on
motorways increased from 35,296 to 58,487 veh./24h during 1980 and
2010. The traffic growth between 2000 and 2010 decreased considerably
compared to the previous few years.
ANNUAL AVERAGE DAILY TRAFFIC VOLUME*
These traffic loads relate to regional as well as to
transit traffic in north-south and east-west direction.
This also explains the motorway sections with highest
load in Baden-Württemberg:
• A8 between the motorway interchange Leonberg
and the motorway interchange Stuttgart.
• A 5 north of the motorway interchange Karls ruhe.
• A 81 south of the motorway interchange Stuttgart.
• A 6 near Neckarsulm.
DESPITE HIGH LOADS KEEP TRAFFIC MOVING.
The consequences of growing traffic density include
more frequently congestion and a higher risk of acci-
dents. This causes particularly for commercial road
users a reduction in productivity; and an accident
means mostly apart from loss of time and stress also
financial losses. Moreover, the ecological impacts have
to be considered: With congestion as well as stop-and-
go situations fuel consumption and exhaust emissions
rise enormously compared to smooth driving.
0707Motorways
The objectives of the State of Baden-Württemberg
are therefore:
• To establish a coherent traffic management at the
highest technological level – and thus in co-opera-
tion with the Federal Government, the neighbouring
countries and states, and the municipalities as well
as with the economy and science,
• to optimize traffic flow on highways by means of
traffic control systems in order to increase safety
and reduce congestion,
• to make road traffic calculable and predictable,
• to provide interested citizens and the economy
with comprehensive traffic information and thus
to promote sustainable mobility.
In addressing these objectives the Road Traffic Centre
Baden-Württemberg (SVZ BW) has the task to effective-
ly respond to the increasing traffic density by means
of transport telematics and the related technical infra-
structure as far as possible and in a sustainable way.
08Z
IELE
AU
FGA
BE
NOBJECTIVES AND TASKS OFTHE ROAD TRAFFIC CENTRE ENHANCED TRAFFIC CONTROL,
PROVIDING TRAFFIC INFORMATION.
Motorways are high-speed transport routes for everyone who has a suitable motor vehicle.
Beyond that, they are indispensable “main arteries” for a highly developed national
economy. The major part of the manufactured and trade goods is transported on these
routes to ensure the supply of the population. A dense network of motorways connects all
regions of Germany and, moreover, directly links to the European transport routes.
Transport telematics contributes substantially to the optimum use of the available
capacity reserves.
The Road Traffic Centre Baden-Württemberg is responsible for traffic and information
management by its Traffic Control Centre (TCC). Traffic management can only develop
as effective as possible, if the work of the Road Traffic Centre is oriented at certain basic
conditions.
08 Objectives and tasks
Since the motorways are subject to the jurisdiction
of the federal government, the Road Traffic Centre acts
on behalf of the German Federal Ministry of Transport
when planning and implementing traffic control systems
in Baden-Württemberg. As co-ordination centre for
Baden-Württemberg the Road Traffic Centre is part
of the State Office for Road Engineering Baden-Würt -
tem berg, which belongs to the Regional Commission
Tübingen.
The Road Traffic Centre Baden-Württemberg aims first
and foremost to achieve the optimum utilization of
available road capacity with regard to the motorways
and in parts also the federal roads. For this purpose the
Road Traffic Centre plans, implements and operates
“intelligent” traffic control and guidance systems. This
enables the control of traffic in dependence of the
current traffic load, weather and road conditions.
It is also the task of the Road Traffic Centre to make
traffic information publicly accessible. This means that
information on the current traffic situation and road
conditions are available for the citizens and the economy
for practical use.
The core of the Road Traffic Centre is the Traffic Control
Centre (TCC), where a high-performance computer
processes all data of transport telematics.
In addition to the traffic management on Baden-Württem -
berg’s motorways, the Road Traffic Centre is also in
charge of a central monitoring of construction site
management in the road network of motorways (see
page 19), federal, state and county roads as well as of the
Traffic Information Centre (TIC) of Baden-Würt tem -
berg (see page 10).
0909Objectives and tasks
Monitoring of traffic control systems
Operation of central traffic information portal
Publication of information on traffic situation,
construction site reports and results of traffic counts
Analysis and forecast of traffic situation
Data quality assurance
Traffic information services
Advancement of traffic engineering procedures
TR
A
FFIC INFORMATION CEN
TR
E B
W
TR
AFF
IC C
O
NTROL CENTRE BW
Practical application of the strategy management system
Operation of the Traffic Control Centre
Planning and implementation of traffic control systems
Development of integrated traffic management strategies
RO
AD
TR
AF
FIC
CE
NT
RE
BW
10
TR
AFF
IC
INFO
RM
AT
ION
TRAFFIC INFORMATION
FOR OPTIMAL TRIP PLANNING.
10Traffic information
High-quality traffic information is the prere-
quisite for optimal trip planning. The wide range of
information that is provided by the Road Traffic
Centre on the Internet for Baden-Württemberg and
the border regions of neighbouring federal states, in
particular on the motorways, contributes to this aim.
On this basis, the route and the timing of a trip can
be better planned.
The construction site reports from the construction
site information system (see page 19) provide detailed
statements on location, duration and type of construc-
tion works not only on the motorways, but also on the
federal, state and county roads. The traffic information
about congestion and dangerous spots are taken over
by the traffic information service of the police. From
the TCC, the data on the traffic conditions on motor-
ways and selected federal roads are available and
The Road Traffic Centre Baden-Württemberg operates at the address
www.svz-bw.de the central traffic information portal of the Baden-
Württemberg Road Administration. The website offers road users a
variety of traffic information. Meanwhile, 120 traffic cameras on
motorways and federal roads give an impression of the current traffic and
weather conditions. The images of the traffic cameras are presented togeth -
er with construction site and traffic reports as well as with a coloured
presentation of the traffic situation on the motorways on a map display.
1111Traffic information
sometimes supplemented by adding data from an
external service provider. The currently calculated
level of service is given in different colours on the
map in the information portal: from green for free
flow up to red for congestion.
Since May 2009, the local traffic situation and the
weather conditions can be assessed even better by
cameras. Traffic cameras are available at 60 major
locations on motorways and federal roads that are fre-
quently subject to congestion. Each of the 120 traffic
cameras transmits one image per minute via GSM to
the Road Traffic Centre Baden-Württemberg, which
is then published on the website.
All this provides comprehensive information for road
users and the possibility to assess the current traffic
conditions for trip planning.
MORE TRAFFIC INFORMATION IN THE FUTURE.
The contents of the traffic portal will be supplemented
in a next step by additional traffic-relevant information.
It is envisaged to provide road weather data and further
results of traffic counts on the information platform.
Based on a pilot project on the A5 south of Freiburg
the free truck parking capacity at the rest areas is planned
to be published in future. Future enhancements will
include traffic forecasts, both as a short-term preview
for the next hour and as a long-term forecast for a par-
ticular day. The information provided by the Road
Traffic Centre will be easily useable on mobile devices
as well; special applications (“apps”) may be developed
for this purpose.
12
FUN
CT
ION
SFUNCTIONS AND TASKS OF THE TRAFFIC CONTROLCENTRE
12Functions and tasks
The gathered information enables the TCC
• to monitor the operational facilities,
• to analyse and forecast the traffic conditions,
• to supervise and regulate the traffic control systems.
The continual co-operation of the Road Traffic Centre
specialists – internally with the operators in the control
room and externally with the police and the colleagues
of the TCCs in other German states – decides about
the selection of the optimal traffic management strategy
in case of need.
Basis for the monitoring of facilities and the traffic
conditions are quality-controlled traffic data of the
motorways. In order to receive these data, high-per-
formance software is necessary. For this purpose the
German Federal Ministry of Transport issued a few
years ago the commission to develop and implement a
standard national base system for traffic control centres
(see page 20). This base system is now available.
The TCC has also the important task to monitor all
motorway tunnels in Baden-Württemberg (see page 18).
The Traffic Control Centre Baden-Württem berg
is equipped with most modern technology at the new
location in Stuttgart-Feuerbach. This allows carrying
out the tasks of traffic management even more effi-
ciently. A new, permanently staffed control room was
set up for that purpose. Monitors and large displays
in the control room visualize the data collected along
the route. Based on these representations the operators
are able to monitor the traffic on the federal motorways
in Baden-Württemberg. When needed, they intervene
into the functions of the automatic traffic control systems
and their variable message and dynamic direction signs,
either on a single motorway section or on part of the
motorway network.
The automated traffic control systems and the opera-
tors warn of traffic incidents, harmonize the traffic
flow, warn of fog and wetness, give instructions via
corresponding variable message signs and inform on
alternative routes.
Intelligent traffic management is only possible by means of complex
hardware and software systems. Therefore the Traffic Control Centre is
an integral component of the Road Traffic Centre, as all information
about the road sections of the motorway network of Baden-Württemberg
are gathered there.
1313Functions and tasks
Data input
Thrid data and informationusers (police, German weatherservice ...)
Traffic control centres of other states and municipalities
Traffic control computer/Data processing
Control room with control stationData exchange
TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEM
Line control systems with variable message signsRerouting systems with road section information
TUNNEL MONITORING
Visibility measurement
Weather stations/black ice alarm systems
MEASURING POINTS
Strategy coordination
TR
AFF
IC C
ON
TROL C
ENTRE BADEN-WÜRTTEMB
ER
G
Operation/traffic management
Counting stations (inductive loop, others)
SU
PE
RV
ISE
D S
YS
TE
MS
SUPERVISED SYSTEMS IN THE
TRAFFIC CONTROL CENTRE
• Variable direction signs
• Line control
• Tunnel monitoring
• Road surface conditions and weather
information system (SWIS)
• Roadside emergency telephones
• Telecontrol system
• Network monitoring
14
NE
TW
OR
K
MA
NA
GE
ME
NT
REROUTING SYSTEMS
REACT FLEXIBLE ON CHANGING TRAFFIC CONDITIONS.
14Traffic management systems – network
These dynamic signs with integrated congestion
information (dWiSta) are used for network manage-
ment. This means that differently from the standard
route the best alternative route is displayed. In most
cases, the signs also display the reason (e.g. congestion)
for the recommended alternative.
When travelling on the motorways in Baden-Württemberg, one frequently
meets them: bridge-like steel structures spanning the entire width of the
motorway, but not carrying the familiar blue signposts with white letters.
In case of rerouting systems, they are equipped with black and white infor-
mation boards. When required, they recommend the best route choice,
depending on the traffic situation.
Studies have shown that, due to preventive diversion
of traffic, up to 20 % less traffic congestion occur and
the traffic on the roads can be managed optimally
and economically.
PRE-PROGRAMMED SOLUTIONS ENABLED
FOR MANUAL INTERVENTION.
Traffic management is a complex task that must have
solutions ready for all kinds of traffic situations on a
motorway section. Numerous parameters are incor-
porated into a program, which calculates the optimal
management strategy and implements the result in
the form of automated rerouting recommendations.
Important is the fact that manual intervention into
the operation is enabled.
Depending on the forecasted or already actual traffic
volume the operators in the TCC can access various
control options stored on the computer. The rerou-
ting systems concerned are then activated to indicate
the best alternative route.
COMMUNICATION AND CO-OPERATION WITH
THIRD PARTIES.
Traffic management using traffic control systems requires
in most cases the communication and co-operation
with public and private institutions.
Co-operation between the involved TCCs across the
federal states is for example necessary for the control
of rerouting systems, if incidents affect the traffic on
motorway sections in a neighbouring federal state
and requires rerouting to alternative routes.
The co-ordination with the responsible authority of
the police is compulsory by traffic law, if unforeseen
events (e.g. accidents) require traffic control measures.
In addition, the existing dWiSta systems are used to
display important information on the traffic situation
as “full closure” or “congestion” including length and
location of the congestion. The aim is to inform the
road users as much as possible about the current traffic
situation.
1515Traffic management systems – network
LIN
E C
ON
TR
OL
SY
ST
EM
SLINE CONTROL AND RAMPMETERING SYSTEMS
These systems increase especially traffic safety. Improved traffic flow and
minimizing travel time for the traffic collective are further effects of these
systems.
Some of the systems have been operating for up to
20 years. With the construction of the system at A8
south of Stuttgart, standard management software
will be created, which in future will be used for
all facilities in Baden-Württemberg in upcoming
modernization of the systems technology at the road.
More detailed information on line control systems
can also be found on www.svz-bw.de
LINE CONTROL SYSTEMS.
Line control systems are applied to warn of traffic
congestion, road works and weather-related hazards
for traffic, as well as to homogenize traffic flow by
automatic operation of variable message signs. In
Baden-Württemberg several systems are in operation
with different focuses, such as fog warning or warning
of truck traffic jam.
16 16Traffic management systems – routes
WWW.SVZ-BW.DE
TEMPORARY HARD SHOULDER RELEASE.
The temporary release of hard shoulders at highly loa-
ded routes allows an increase of the traffic capacity of
up to 25 %. Prior to the release it is verified by video
technology, whether the lane is free. Should a vehicle
break down on the hard shoulder, the hard shoulder
is closed again. Traffic safety is maintained at high level.
This technique will be implemented in Baden-Würt tem -
berg at A8 south of Stuttgart for the first time.
RAMP METERING SYSTEMS.
The aim is to optimize the traffic flow. Ramp metering
divides large incoming vehicle platoons into individual
vehicles or small groups. The rate of incoming vehicles
is not reduced, but enters the highway more evenly.
Thus better merging of the entering vehicles and the
traffic flow on the main road is enabled. A number of
dangerous lane changes and braking manoeuvres can
be avoided and traffic safety increases. In addition, ramp
metering systems help to prevent traffic congestion or
to retard congestion on the main road.
1717Traffic management systems – routes
Tunnels require special safety precautions due to their structural characteristics,
but also due to their psychological impact on many drivers. This includes the
motorway tunnel monitoring by the TCC during 24 hours per day and on
365 days per year.
18
TU
NN
ELTUNNEL MONITORING
SAFETY AROUND THE CLOCK .
18Tunnel monitoring
How important the safety of the tunnels is considered, demonstrates the
monitoring and operating system developed as a three-level network (central,
regional, local) and secured several times against failure.
The digital monitoring and operating system allows the observation and control of
all safety-relevant units – from the functions in case of fire and accident through
the control of the monitoring cameras up to the tunnel ventilation. Traffic can be
supervised in future by video cameras in all tunnels. The software of the monitoring
and operation system offers a clear graphical design and the option to select all
functions by a mouse click. In addition the program architecture is designed in a
way that allows to integrate most different tunnel equipment into the system and
thus to control it. In situ the TCC is the communication place for the fire-brigade,
the police and the motorway maintenance authorities.
1919Motorway construction sites
CO
NS
TR
UC
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N
SIT
EMOTORWAY CONSTRUCTION SITES
OPTIMAL PLANNING AND INFORMATION.
Motorway construction sites are frequently the reason for traffic disturbances.
Nevertheless, they are inevitable for maintenance, renewal or extension
purposes. It is therefore particularly important to minimize the disturban-
ces as far as possible.
The Road Traffic Centre Baden-Württemberg has a major role
in supporting on-site construction monitoring by the central con-
struction site coordinator. The traffic impacts of construction sites are
analysed and coordinated afterwards in the best possible way. The
construction site information system is available via the Internet site
www.baustellen-bw.de. Thus, for example, drivers, automobile asso-
ciations, hauliers and private service providers can obtain detailed
information about the road construction sites in Baden-Württemberg.
WWW.BAUSTELLEN-BW.DE
20
BA
SE
SY
ST
EMTHE TCC BASE SYSTEM
A HIGHLY SOPHISTICATED IT-SYSTEM.
20TCC base system
Basis for the standard TCC base system is the
commission of the Federal Government placed to
the TCC Working Group of government and federal
states and the Federal Highway Research Institute
(BASt) to develop a standard system. The aim is to
avoid cost-intensive TCC developments, which have
been incompatible so far, in the single states in future.
The structure of this national standard base system is
modular with standard interfaces between the software
units and a data distributor as core component. This
simplifies later extensions or modifications.
Substantial components of the base system are the
data distributor, the archiving system, the complete
range of measurement validation and analysis as well as
extensive technical evaluation software (e.g. congestion
process analysis, time series prognosis, construction
site simulation). Beyond that the integrated software
allows the data exchange with third parties (e.g. police,
weather services).
The TCC base system represents the tasks of a traffic
control centre. The TCC base system does not contain
the control of line control and rerouting systems. The
software needed for this purpose is partly being deve-
loped already in parallel. It builds on the base system
and will be integrated into it. Thus, a national very
advanced TCC system is available, providing the bases
for the representation of the traffic situation, incident
detection and traffic prognosis.
ONE FOR ALL – THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE
NATIONAL STANDARD TCC BASE SYSTEM.
The particular advantage of the system is its conception
as Open Source Software. By means of access to the
original source code, the developers in the TCCs of
other German states have the opportunity to develop
and integrate system elements that are adjusted to their
own needs. At the same time they can use the core
functionalities as before. Also private companies can
install the system and develop e.g. additional software
programs for traffic control centres. A permanent state-
of-the-art development is optimally ensured.
The national standard base system for traffic control centres (BSVRZ)
was implemented on behalf of the federal government. This TCC base
system can be generally applied in every other federal state with small
efforts for special adaptations.
2121
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22
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TRAFFIC MONITORING BADEN-WÜRTTEMBERG
TRAFFIC COUNTS AND ANALYSES – AUTOMATIC AND EFFICIENT.
22Traffic monitoring
Traffic monitoring replaces in Baden-Württemberg as the first state the
previous manual traffic counts in a 5-years’ interval by automatic traffic
counts.
In 2010 the traffic counting and analysis system
“Traffic Monitoring” was applied for the first time in
a federal state and on a large scale. Automatic traffic
counts at approximately 3,140 sites were made on state
and county roads in Baden-Württemberg (approxi-
mately 80 % of all traffic counting sites of these road
categories) by means of mobile side-radar-based
counters on roadside posts.
During regular operation since February 2011, the traffic
is – evenly distributed across the state – being counted
at every fifth census point twice each year for a period
of two weeks. This means, all 6,000 sites are counted
in five years in the defined measurement period (2 x
2 weeks). Special counts and analyses are feasible in
the short term.
IMPROVED DATA BASE.
Each individual vehicle is automatically counted
including travel direction, speed and classification
(passenger cars, trucks, etc.) continuously during
the selected counting period.
In 2010, the traffic was counted at all measuring sites
for at least 7 days continuously and around the clock.
This provided a much more extensive extrapolation
basis than before based on previous censuses. For the
first time, also night data could be collected over longer
time periods.
In order to improve the data base of the secondary
road network, almost 100 devices were implemented
2323Traffic monitoring
in February 2011 as stationary so-called “permanently
counting measuring points” including counts of at
least one calendar year.
PROMPT ANALYSIS.
Due to the automatic transfer of data and the locati-
on detection via GPS, the raw data and count results
are available in the Intranet of the road administrati-
on after a short processing time.
TRAFFIC MONITORING AS A STANDARD.
With this new method Baden-Württemberg takes a
leading role in Germany. Many other federal states
have decided to use traffic monitoring as new standard
method for road traffic census.
In future, the traffic growth in Baden-Württemberg
can be analysed annually on national motorways,
federal, state and county roads, not only every five
years.
www.svz-bw.de
MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT AND INFRASTRUCTURE
REGIONAL COMMISSION TÜBINGEN – STATE OFFICE FOR ROAD ENGINEERING BADEN-WÜRTTEMBERG