Kokstad
Dyce
Haugesund
Stockton-on-Tees
Stavanger
i
ii
i
i
i
ii
ii
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
L
LL
L
L
L LL
LL L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
LL
LL
L
L
L
L
L
L
LL
L
L
LL
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
LL
L
LL
L
LL
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L LL
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
LL
L
L
L
L L
LL
L
LL
L
L
M
M
M
M
MM
M
MM
M
M
M M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M M
M
MM
M M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
MM
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
MM
M
MM
MM
MM
MMM
MM
M
H
H
HH
H
HH
H
H
H
H H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
HH
H
H
HH
H
H
H
H
H
H H
H
H
H
H
H
H
HH
HH
H
H
H
H
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
EE
EE
E
E
E
E
E
Saint Pierre and Miquelon (Fr.)
Bermuda
Cayman IslandsNavassa Island (U.S.)
Turks and Caicos Islands (U.K.)
US Virgin Islands
British Virgin Islands
Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba
Montserrat
Martinique
Guadeloupe
AnguillaSaint Martin
Netherlands Antilles (N.L.)
Falkland Islands (G.B.)
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (G.B.)
Bouvet Island (No.)
Clipperton Island (Fr.)
Pitcairn (U.K.)
Niue (N.Z.)
Midway Atoll(U.S.)
Palmyra Atoll(U.S.)
Johnston Atoll (U.S.)
French Polynesia
Cook Island(N.Z.)
American Samoa
Tokelau (N.Z.)
Wallis and Futuna
Jan Mayen (No.)
Faroe Islands (Dk.)
Svalbard (No.)
Isle of Man (U.K.)
Isle of Man
Saint Helena(U.K.)
Europa Island (Fr.)Réunion
Tromelin Island (Fr.)
Juan de Nova Island (Fr.)
Glorioso Islands (Fr.)
Mayotte
Crozet Islands (Fr.)
Wake Island (U.S.)Northern Mariana Islands
Guam
New Caledonia
Norfolk Island (Au.)
Coral Sea Islands (Au.)
Ashmore and Cartier Islands (Au.)Cocos Island
(Au.)
Christmas Island(Au.)
Mc Donald andHeard Islands (Au.)
Chagos Archipelago (U.K.)
Azores (Pt.)
Canary Islands (Es.)
Madeira (Pt.)
Chatham Islands(N.Z.)
G r e e n l a n d
Alaska(U.S.)
Galápagos Islands(Ec.)
South Orkney Islands(G.B.)
South Shetland Islands (G.B.)
Hawaii (U.S.)
Easter Island(Cl.)
Kingman Reef (U.S.)
Howland Island (U.S.)
Baker Island(U.S.)
Jarvis (U.S.)
Puerto Rico
Kerguelen Islands (Fr.)
Sakhalin (Ru.)
New Siberian Islands (Ru.)
Severnaya Zemlya (Ru.)Franz Josef Land (Ru.)
Novaya Zemlya (Ru.)
Gibraltar
Corsica (Fr.)
A l e u t i a n I s l a n d s ( U . S . )
Stockholm
Wellington
Lima
Kinshasa
Libreville
Athens
Reykjavik
Tehran
Yaren
Brussels
Frankfurt
Buenos Aires
Vienna
Copenhagen
Bogotá
CanberraMontevideo
Santiago
Maseru
Johannesburg Maputo
Pemba
PretoriaAsunciónGaborone
Windhoek Nuku’alofa
Port-LouisAntananarivo
SuvaHarare
Port-VilaLa Paz
Brasília LusakaLilongwe
Apia
MoroniHoniara
Luanda
Ilha da LuandaDili
Jakarta
Denpasar
VictoriaBrazzaville
KigaliNairobi
Quito Kampala
Mogadishu
Kuala Lumpur
Taipei
YaoundéBangui
Bandar Seri BegawanSaba (N.L.)
ParamariboCayenne
Georgetown Colombo
Panama
Addis Ababa
Juba
AbujaSan José Caracas
Djibouti Phnom PenhN’Djamena
Tianjin
Adrar
Managua
OuagadougouBamako
NiameySan Salvador
BangkokTegucigalpaGuatemala City
AsmaraSana’a
Erbil
Yangon
SydneyPerth
Auckland
Philadelphia
Phoenix
Rio de Janeiro
Anchorage
Deadhorse
Arequipa
Kenai
Atyrau
Aktau
KhartoumBelmopan
KingstonVientiane
Port-au-Prince
Mexico CityHanoi
Ho Chi Minh City Vung Tau
HavanaMuscat
DhakaRiyadh
Nassau DohaManama
ThimphuKathmandu
Kuwait City
BasraCairo
AmmanTripoli BaghdadDamascus
IslamabadBeirutRabat
KabulNicosia Tokyo
Seoul
VallettaAlgiers Tunis
Ashgabat DushanbeLisbonWashington Pyongyang
Beijing
Hong Kong (SAR)Macao (SAR)
Shenzhen
Nanjing
Dalian
Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
Manila
Shanghai
Ankara Yerevan BakuMadrid
Hassi Messaoud
TashkentTbilisi
RomePodgorica Bishkek
BucharestBelgradeOttawa
Ljubljana
ChisinauVaduzBudapest
Ulan-BatorParis
PragueKiev
Astana
Almaty
London
Aberdeen
GuernseyJersey
WarsawAmsterdam
BerlinDublin Minsk
Vilnius
Moscow
Riga
Tallinn
Oslo Helsinki
Vaiaku
Bairiki
Palikir Dalap-Uliga-Darrit
Port of Spain
San JuanSantoDomingo
Roseau
CastriesKingstown
Saint Georges
Saint John’s
Bridgetown
El Aaiún
Berne
Geneva Zagreb
Bratislava
Tirana
Sarajevo
Malé
Mbabane
Bujumbura
Skopje
Dodoma
Basseterre
Monrovia
Nouakchott
Nouméa
São Tomé
Malabo
AccraTakoradiKumasi Lomé
Porto-Novo
Port HarcourtWarri
Lagos
Freetown
Conakry
BanjulDakar
Praia
Bissau
Yamoussoukro
Abu Dhabi
Dubai
Sofia
PortMoresby
New Delhi
Mumbai
Melekeok
Naypyidaw
Brisbane
Melbourne
São Paulo
Fort Lauderdale
Palma
ZIMBABWE
ZAMBIA
SWAZILAND
SAMOA
WESTERNSAHARA
NAMIBIA
VATICANCITY
VIETNAM
VENEZUELA
SAINT VINCENT ANDTHE GRENADINES
BONAIRE, SINT EUSTATIUS AND SABA
ArubaCURAÇAO
UZBEKISTAN
URUGUAY
BURKINA FASO
UNITED STATESOF AMERICA
UKRAINE
UNITEDKINGDOM
UGANDA
TANZANIA
TURKMENISTAN
TAIWAN
TUVALU
TURKEY
TUNISIA
TONGA
TAJIKISTAN
THAILAND
TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO
SWITZERLAND
SWEDEN
SUDAN
SAINT LUCIA
SERBIAKOSOVO
SPAIN
SOMALIA
SAN MARINO
SLOVENIA
SOUTH AFRICA
SEYCHELLES
SAINT KITTS AND NEVIS
RWANDA
RUSSIA
PHILIPPINES
ROMANIA
MARSHALL ISLANDSPALAU
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
PORTUGAL
PANAMA
POLAND
PAKISTAN
PERU
PARAGUAY
NEW ZEALAND
NICARAGUA
SURINAME FRENCH GUIANA
NAURU
NEPAL
NORWAY
NETHERLANDS
NIGERIA
VANUATU
NIGER
MOZAMBIQUE
MALAYSIA
MEXICO
MONTENEGRO
MALDIVES
OMAN
MALTA
MAURITANIA
MAURITIUS
MOROCCO
MALI
MACEDONIA
MALAWI
MONGOLIAMOLDOVA
MADAGASCAR
LIBYA
LESOTHO
LIECHTENSTEIN
SLOVAKIA
LITHUANIALATVIA
LAOS
KAZAKHSTAN
NORTHKOREA
KYRGYZSTAN
KENYA
JAMAICA
JAPAN
IRAQ
ITALY
IRAN
INDIA
INDONESIA
ICELAND
HUNGARY
CROATIA
HONDURAS
HAITI
PALESTINIAN TERRITORIES
GUYANA
GUATEMALA
GREECE
GERMANY
GRENADA
GEORGIA
GABON
FRANCE
MICRONESIA
FIJI
FINLAND
CZECH REP.
ETHIOPIASOUTHSUDAN
EL SALVADOR
ESTONIA
IRELAND
ECUADOR
DOMINICAN REP.
DENMARK
CYPRUS
CUBA
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
COSTA RICA
COLOMBIA
COMOROS
CAMEROON
CHILE
CHINA
CONGO(DRC)
CONGO
SRILANKA
CHAD
CAMBODIA
CANADA
BURUNDI
BRUNEI
BULGARIA
BHUTAN
BRAZIL SOLOMON ISLANDS
BELARUS
MYANMAR
BOLIVIA
BOSNIAAND HERZ.
BELIZE
BANGLADESHBAHAMAS
BELGIUM
BOTSWANA
BARBADOS
AUSTRIA
AUSTRALIA
ARGENTINA
ANGOLA
ARMENIAALBANIA
AZERBAIJAN
ALGERIA
AFGHANISTAN
ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA
EGYPT
ERITREAYEMEN
SYRIA
SAUDIARABIA
QATAR
LEBANON
KUWAIT
JORDAN
ISRAEL
BAHRAIN
UNITEDARAB EMIRATES
WEST BANK
KIRIBATI
TIMOR-LESTE
ANDORRA
MONACO
SINGAPORE
DOMINICA
SÃO TOMÉAND PRÍNCIPE
TOGO
SIERRA LEONE
SENEGAL
GUINEA-BISSAU
LIBERIA
CÔTE D’IVOIRE
GUINEA
GHANA
GAMBIA
EQUATORIAL GUINEA
CAPE VERDE
BENI
N
LUXEMBOURG
SOUTHKOREA
G l o b a l h e a l t h a n d t r a v e l s e c u r i t y r i s k s r e v i e w
International SOS assigns medical ratings to countries* by assessing a range of factors including the standard of local medical and dental care available, access to prescription drugs, the presence of serious infectious diseases and cultural, language or administrative barriers.
* The term ‘country’ refers to traditional countries or independent states, as well as other geographic entities including dependencies, territories and areas of special sovereignty.
Rapidly developing variable risk countries
Countries where there is a wide difference between the high quality medical care available in the major cities and what is generally available throughout the rest of the country. • In major cities: a high or international standard of medical care is available from several selected providers. • Elsewhere: medical care, emergency services and dental care may be basic. Access to prescription drugs may be limited
and counterfeiting and/or improper storage may be an issue. Serious illnesses such as dengue, malaria, typhoid, and cholera may pose a threat in some regions or throughout the country.
Low medical risk countries
International standard of care throughout the country. Most specialist care widely available. High-quality emergency and dental services and a wide range of quality prescription drugs available. Low risk of infectious diseases.
Medium medical risk countries
High or international standard of care available from selected providers. Reliable emergency services and dental care usually available. Some risk of food or water-borne diseases. Infectious diseases such as malaria and dengue fever may be present.
High medical risk countries
Basic emergency services and dental care may be available. Specialist care is limited. Access to qualityprescription drugs may be limited and, in some cases, counterfeiting and/or improper storage of drugs is an issue.Serious infectious diseases such as typhoid, cholera, dengue fever and malaria may pose a threat.
Very high medical risk countries
Countries where healthcare is almost non-existent or severely overtaxed. There may be very limited or no primary care, emergency care or dental services. Quality prescription drugs are usually not available. There is a high risk for food or water-borne infections. Serious infectious diseases such as dengue, malaria, typhoid, and cholera may pose a threat.
MEDICAL RISK RATINGDEFINITIONS
MedAire MedSupplyInternational SOS Assistance Centre
International SOS Response Centre Clinic
MedAire assists passengers and crew around the world with medical and travel safety services, and is credited with establishing the world’s first global emergency response centre dedicated to providing real-time medical assistance to the aviation industry. In the air, on land, or at sea - MedAire is there.
In accordance with in-country regulations and client requirements, MedAire’s supply chain services centres provide medical supplies and consumables, pharmaceuticals, medical equipment and medical kits to remote sites and isolated environments.
Staffed by doctors and nurses, multilingual coordinators, security experts, and air and ground logistics personnel, our 27 Assistance Centres deliver 24/7 medical and travel security assistance services in more than 99 languages, all over the world.
International SOS has six response centres. They provide expertise in workplace injury, illness case management and advice on a patient’s fitness to stay at work or return to work in line with industry regulations and/or HSE standards.
Our clients can rely on an integrated network of 56 clinics and 850 medical remote sites around the world. Practising international standards of medicine – in emerging countries, offshore and remote locations.
i Insignificant travel risk
L Low travel risk
M Medium travel risk
H High travel risk
E Extreme travel risk
The travel security risk rating evaluates the threat posed to travellers and expatriates by political violence (including terrorism, insurgency, politically motivated unrest and war), social unrest (including sectarian, communal and ethnic violence) as well as violent and petty crime. Other factors, such as the robustness of the transport infrastructure, the state of industrial relations, the effectiveness of the security and emergency services and the country’s susceptibility to natural disasters are also considered where they are of sufficient magnitude to impact the overall risk environment for travellers.
Rates of violent crime are very low. There is no significant political violence or civil unrest and no sectarian, communal, racial or targeted violence against foreigners. Security and emergency services are effective and infrastructure is sound. Transport services are of a high standard with good safety records and only occasional travel disruption. Industrial action affecting essential services is rare.
Violent crime rates are low and racial, sectarian or political violence or civil unrest is uncommon. If terrorism is a threat, groups have limited operational capabilities, and acts of terrorism are rare. Security and emergency services are adequate and infrastructure is sound. Industrial action and transport disruption are infrequent.
Periodic political unrest, violent protests, insurgency and/or sporadic acts of terrorism occur. Travellers and expatriates may face risk from communal, sectarian or racial violence and violent crime. Capacity of security and emergency services and infrastructure varies. Industrial action can disrupt travel.
Protests are frequently violent and may target or disrupt foreigners; they may be exacerbated by governance issues, including security or law and order capacity. Violent crime or terrorism pose significant direct or incidental risks to travellers and expatriates. Communal, sectarian or racial violence is common and foreigners may be directly targeted. Certain parts of the country are inaccessible or off-limits to the traveller.
Government control and law and order may be minimal or non-existent across large areas. Serious threat of violent attacks by armed groups targeting travellers and expatriates. Government and transport services are barely functional. Large parts of the country are inaccessible to foreigners.
Travel Security Risk Zones are areas within a country where the risks faced by travellers and expatriates are different from the country’s overall risk environment, usually necessitating a different level of preparation.
The Travel Risk Map is a global representation of medical and travel security risks. Please consult MedAire for more detailed information on country-specific risks. All Risk ratings shown are taken in November 2015.www.medaire.com
TRAVEL SECURITY RISK RATINGDEFINITIONS
