Trilogy and 4WARD: Towards a Clean Slate Internet Design
Wolfgang Mühlbauer, Roger Karrer, Peter Feil, Anja FeldmannClean Slate Internet Design – why?Many of the design decisions of the Internet were made 4 decades ago. Since then, the Internet and its use have changed as it has changed itself society. However, today, the Internet is out of shape.
An ossified architectureThe Internet architecture is the result of an initial careful design based on well-argued principles and a 4 decade evolution to add additional features. Unfortunately, many of these principles are no longer true (security) or new ones have emerged – technical ones (mobility) as well as economical ones (net neutrality). One thing the Internet lacks is flexibility to efficiently accommodate the new requirements.
Control plane: out of shapeThe picture of the Internet hourglass to depict its architecture holds for the data plane. However, it is far from true when we consider the “control plane”. In fact, there is no such thing as an explicit control plane. And second, control protocols had been squeezed into the architecture to fit the layering structure. Therefore, the Internet architecture has significantly extended its waist over the past 40 years.
A clean slate Internet design that searches for novel concepts to build an Internet architecture from scratch is needed to ensure that the Internet is able to address the challenges in the near future.
We at Deutsche Telekom are part of 2 EU FP-7 projects that focus on these challenges: •4WARD•Triology
Even though the two projects aims at similar goals, they take different approaches and focus on distinct challenges.
4WARD is based on the following technical premises:
1.Create a new “network of information”, where information objects have their own identity.
2.Rich communication paths that include mobility, security and QoS over wired and wireless networks
3.Devise an embedded default-on management capability.
4.Provide means to support the instantiation and dependable operation of different networks on a single infrastructure in a commercial setting (virtulization).
5.Develop an integrated framework to represent, design, implement and operate network architectures that all belong to a common family of interoperable network instances.
Trilogy: Re-architecting the Internet
ConclusionsA clean slate Internet design •Requires novel concepts with an out-of-box thinking•Needs an experimental facility to experimentally verify that protocols and architectures are viable, scalable and efficient • Offers new technical and economical opportunities for operators, but only for early adopters
For these reasons, DT is involved in the above projects
For further information•Anja Feldmann: Internet Clean Slate Design: what and why? Sigcomm CCR, July 2007•For more information on the proposals, please contact any of the authors at [email protected].
802.X MAC
HTTP POP3 IMAP XMPPSMTP
FDDI
ISDNSDH PDH xDSL
TokenRing
802.3x
802.11x
802.16x
ATM802.3 802.11 802.16
MPLS
IPv4
TCP
RPC
ASN-1
Telnet
UDP
ASP RTP
XDR XML SMB
FTP IRCNTP
MIP HIP
SCTP
IPSecCIP
IKE MulticastRouting
IGP VRRP EGP GGPBGP IGRP
PIM SM-DM
MBGP
COPS
NSIS
DVMRPRSVP
SIP SDP H.323
DNS
RTCP RTSP
RIP NHRPP E-IGRP GREOSPF
IGMPMLD
Diameter
Radius
IP Support
ICMP
ARP IARPRARP
BOOTPDHCP
802.1x 802.11i 802.21 802.1D 802.1Q
TLSSSL
Data plane Control plane congestioncontrol
load-dependent,multi-path
topology discovery,reachability
routing policyeconomic drivers
trafficengineering
TRILOGYre-feedback
reachabilitymechanisms
resourcecontrol business
scalability Requirements for a Routing Architecture
provide reach-ability
provide identifiers
robust-ness/ stability
support for policies
easy deploy-ability
locality of routing events
security
fast converg-ence
multiple path exposure
easy configur-
ation
Business
SocialTechnical
Legal
Trilogy’s concept is single architecture that is flexible to adapt to the different forces and demands in the Internet – i.e. a tussle-aware architecture.
It identifies 3 fundamental demands that must be considered jointly in the design of a future Internet architecture•Reachability Mechanisms•Resource Control•Business Aspects
Trilogy is the first project that tries to unify all of them in a clean slate approach
Workpackage 1: ReachabilityEstablish and control transparent reachability in a scalable, dynamic and resilient manner:•Routing fragility•Growing organizational complexity
Topics include•Routing•Multi-homing•Remote traffic filtering
Workpackage 2: Resource controlDevelop and evaluate a unified approach to resource control that is efficient, fair and incentive-compatible:•Utilization•Different fairness metrics•Cheat-proof•Congestion•Storage, battery life, spectrum
Workpackage 3: Social and commercial control (led by DT)Understand how architectural features allow a controlled behavior, provide flexibility in terms of technical, social and economical outcomes, and interact with business stakeholders outside Triology to get commercial/strategic steer.
UserRequirements
SystemRequirements
Architecture and Design
Implementation Unit Testing
Verification
SystemTesting
ValidationTraditional V-model(one variant)
Stakeholderbehaviours
Economicreality
Market Evolution
Trilogy: Design for Tussle
DPI; TE
Multi-flows; peer2peer; DDoS
Resource user
Resource provider
WA DR
44WARD
Management of Virtual Networks ( Task 3.3)
Provisioning of Virtual Networks ( Task 3.3) (aggregate “slices” and form virtual networks)
Substrate
Virtualised substrate
Virtual Network Virtual Network
Virtualisation of Resources ( Task 3.2) (partitioning of physical infrastructure into “slices”)
split/balance
merge/network code
decode
joincodecooperatively
Generic path 1Generic path 2
A
CE
B
A
B
E
AC
A
E
B
A
D
E
AD
E
E
B
D
D
A
CE
B
A
B
E
AC
A
E
BB
AA
BB
EE
AACC
A
E
BB
AA
DD
EE
AADD
E
E
B
DDD
D
